A burst of autumn rain and a cool, as the temperature gradually drops, the respiratory virus begins to "move" again, the recent pediatric outpatient clinic has been a flu case, remembering the scene of the emergency packed in the flu season in previous years, it is inevitable that people talk about the "flow" color change. Don't panic, don't panic, the flu can be prevented and treated, know yourself and know the enemy, don't slack off in a hundred battles, we have a way to deal with the flu!
What is Influenza?
Influenza (influenza for short) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which is characterized by sudden outbreak and rapid spread, resulting in different degrees of epidemic, seasonality, high incidence and higher case fatality rate than the common cold (except human avian influenza). Influenza viruses are mainly spread through airborne droplets or contact. According to relevant statistics, the mainland is in the high influenza season from November to March of the following year.
The pathogen of influenza, influenza virus, belongs to the orthomyxoviridae family and is divided into influenza A (A), B (B), C (C), and D (D) influenza viruses. The predominant subtypes in humans are A(H1N1) and A(H3N2). Both influenza B and C viruses have only one antigenic subtype and have a limited number of host species, making it rare for influenza to occur in the world pandemic, and influenza B can cause seasonal epidemics and outbreaks.
What are the symptoms of a child having the flu?
In general, healthy children infected with influenza virus may present as mild influenza, with fever, cough, runny nose, nasal congestion, sore throat, headache, and most of them will be accompanied by muscle aches, fatigue, loss of appetite and other systemic symptoms. The clinical symptoms of influenza in infants and young children are often atypical, with febrile seizures. Neonatal influenza is rare, but it is easy to be complicated with pneumonia, and there are often manifestations of sepsis, such as lethargy, milk refusal, and apnea. Influenza viruses cause laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia and gastrointestinal symptoms in children compared with those in adults.
How can I prevent the flu?
1. Get a flu shot
Getting a flu vaccine is the most reliable way to prevent the flu. In principle, the flu vaccine is available to all people aged 6 months and older who are willing to receive the flu vaccine and who have no contraindications. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends children aged 6 months to 5 years as one of the priority groups for vaccination. In order to be protected before the flu season, it is best to complete the immunization by the end of October each year, and the protective antibodies appear 2 weeks after vaccination. If you miss the time, you can also get vaccinated at any time during the epidemic season. There are two types of influenza vaccines, trivalent and quadrivalent, the trivalent vaccine contains one of the A(H1N1), H3N2 and B influenza viruses, and the quadrivalent vaccine adds one influenza B virus. Both types of vaccines can protect against influenza, and there is no priority recommendation, and either influenza vaccine can be given voluntarily.
2. Avoid densely populated places
Don't take your children to populated places. If you've been to a public place, wash your hands and face when you come back, especially before eating.
3. Eat well, sleep well, and have fun
Don't be afraid, excessive stress and anxiety can cause immune system disorders and make you more likely to get sick. Eat well, sleep well, play well, and you're all set!
What should I do if I get the flu?
1. Rest
If you find that your child has the flu, it is recommended to rest at home, not to go to school, and to avoid going to public places. If there are other children or elderly people in the family, it is best to isolate them so as not to infect each other.
2. Give your child time to recover
If the child is in good condition, you can observe it at home and give the child time to recover. If you are too anxious and go to the hospital one after another, there is a risk of cross-infection, and the child is always running outside, and the rest is not good, which is not conducive to the child's recovery.
3. It is recommended to take your child to the hospital for treatment in the following situations:
(1) Fever for more than 3 days and no doctor or more than 3 days since the last doctor.
(2) The child is soft and has a change in skin color, such as spotted or pale.
(3) Dehydration due to fever or vomiting, little or no urine, or inability to eat.
(4) Dyspnea.
(5) With the prolongation of fever, vomiting and cough gradually worsen.
4. How long after getting the flu can I go to school?
48 hours after the body temperature returns to normal and other flu-like symptoms disappear.
Treatment of the flu
According to the guidelines, early (within 48 hours of onset) is recommended for early (within 48 hours of illness), especially in high-risk groups. Antiviral therapy is also indicated when symptoms do not improve or tend to worsen more than 48 hours after the onset of the disease.
The motherland's medical syndrome differentiation and treatment, through traditional Chinese medicine, massage, medicinal baths, incense and other means, has also won victories in the long history of the "epidemic".
Source丨The first instance of the National Health Insurance Administration丨Luo Jie's second trial丨Gao Qianhua's third trial丨Zhou Aiguo's production丨Zhangjiajie
This platform is owned by Zhangjiajie Daily. Any unit or individual that uses, reprints or disseminates the copyright content of the media under Zhangjiajie Daily must obtain prior written authorization. Except in the scope of statutory fair use, the copyrighted works (the form of the works is not limited to words) may not be reproduced or disseminated without permission.