Myanmar is an ancient civilization with a long history, and after more than one feudal dynasty and many foreign wars of aggression, it has still been preserved, writing the current chapter of history. It is precisely because of complex historical reasons that Myanmar's current complicated political situation has been created. The states have a high degree of autonomy and are in danger of disintegration.
It has been predicted that Myanmar's ultimate destination will be disintegration? Is this alarmist? What will be the impact on mainland borders?
The precarious situation in Myanmar
Myanmar is a country with an extremely complex composition. Its geographical location is located in the west of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia, bordering China in the northeast, and the border line is 5,876 kilometers long.
You must know that Myanmar's land area is only 676,000 square kilometers, which is equivalent to the size of Qinghai on the mainland. The long border with the mainland occupies an important geographical position in Myanmar, which also illustrates the importance of the relationship between the two countries.
It is bordered by India and Bangladesh to the northwest, Laos and Thailand to the southeast, and the Andaman Sea to the southwest.
It can be said that Myanmar is a country that is adjacent to many countries, which also has a more or less impact on its domestic rule.
At present, the biggest crisis in Myanmar is facing the situation of disintegration, and although the Myanmar government has tried its best to recover, the edifice will collapse and it will be difficult to recover.
The crisis of Myanmar's disintegration stems from the extremely chaotic internal situation, and you may find it hard to imagine that such a small country in Southeast Asia has 135 ethnic groups!
The small, multi-ethnic country makes it difficult to govern, and Myanmar is administratively divided into seven provinces, seven states, and two municipalities directly under the central government.
The state is mainly located in the periphery and north of Myanmar and is mostly inhabited by ethnic minorities. The provinces and municipalities are mainly distributed in the central and southern parts of the country, and most of them are inhabited by Burmese ethnic groups.
Although Myanmar is among the best in Asia in terms of resources and potential, its political and economic system is in disarray.
Its border area, known as the "Golden Triangle" along with Thailand and Laos, is the world's major drug producing area. Many movie prototypes are based on this, and it's chilling to mention.
Nowadays, telecommunications fraud is becoming more and more serious, and some people on the mainland are also suffering from it. These problems are pushing the country to the brink of collapse.
Since the Burmese military came to power, Myanmar has been reduced to a system that stenges of corruption and uses power as a bargaining chip.
The military junta rules the country's politics and economy with tyranny, the people's democratic rights are suppressed and exploited, and the common people live in misery
This has led to various economic problems, such as soaring inflation, as well as a sharp increase in unemployment, and a sharp drop in people's living standards, which has further led to chaos in the country.
More than 85 per cent of the population in Myanmar profess Buddhism, which is even more detrimental to the country's governance and rule. Add to that the sheer size of its 135 ethnic groups, and Myanmar's leaders should have a headache just thinking about it.
Of these, Burmese account for 65 per cent. This Burmese ethnic group is the main ethnic group in Myanmar, which is equivalent to the status of the Han people on the mainland. Other ethnic minorities have their own armed forces, and the contradictions and conflicts between ethnic groups have led the country further to secession.
Russia experts also pointed out that United States has directly interfered in Myanmar's internal affairs by supporting its opposition forces, which has exacerbated the country's chaos and unrest.
The topography of Myanmar is complex, with a long and narrow land area. There is an extreme imbalance in resources and economic development between different regions, resulting in constant contradictions and conflicts between regions.
Add to that the legacy of the history – United Kingdom colonized the area for a long time. This is also the fundamental reason why Myanmar has continued to have disputes and the ethnic problem has not been resolved.
In such a country with constant civil wars and enemies on its back, perhaps independence and liberation have become the aspirations of the people. The situation in Myanmar has also had a great impact on the lives of the people on the mainland, and it is hoped that the internal problems will be resolved at an early date and that the people on the mainland will be spared the trouble of chaos in northern Myanmar.
Causes of confusion
Why is Myanmar so chaotic? The reason for this is to archaeology its history.
Myanmar, the full name of the "Republic of the Union of Myanmar", is a country with both land area and population, and domestic resources are relatively rich.
The most proud is the jade mining area, which produces Burmese jade and jadeite, which are very sought after by the world. In addition, natural resources such as natural gas, oil, and coal are also readily available, which is enough to be rich.
Myanmar's long coastline and many rivers, abundant water resources, and location in the heart of Southeast Asia have created a unique agricultural advantage.
Thus, Myanmar has preserved its history and survived as an ancient civilization over the long years.
It is such a small and wealthy country that has become poorer and poorer in recent decades, even struggling under the "poverty line" set by the United Nations, which is the root cause of the internal turmoil in Myanmar.
Seeing this, readers and friends may wonder, how could such a small country on the rich side fall into a situation where it is about to fall apart now?
This has to mention the history of Myanmar being colonized by the United Kingdom.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, United Kingdom expanded its colonies on a large scale, and its territories spread all over the world, known as the "empire on which the sun never sets".
In the face of the "big fat meat" of Burma, the smart United Kingdom adapted measures to local conditions, allowing its unique geographical advantages to develop agriculture and become the "granary of the empire" of United Kingdom.
In this way, Myanmar missed the wave of the "industrial revolution", and did not have the resources for industrial development, and its civilization level has always remained agrarian, and it has not changed today.
In the era of the "Industrial Revolution", Myanmar has not caught up, technology and other problems are a big step behind the world, and the people's living standards have not been improved, and now it is facing a turning point in the "information age", Myanmar cannot keep up with the development and is in an embarrassing situation of being abandoned by the world.
In order to seek a breakthrough, the Myanmar government carried out economic reforms in the 80s in the last century, giving full play to the advantages of agriculture and intending to reverse the backward economic situation.
But if you want to become a modern country, how can you rely only on the development of agriculture? It is necessary to rely on a large inflow of capital to promote the construction of a huge society.
Unfortunately, Myanmar did not have the capacity to raise a large amount of capital, and the policies in the later stages of the reform were repeatedly wrong, and the reform ended in failure.
In order to quickly obtain a large amount of capital, Myanmar indulged in the development of the drug industry in the Golden Triangle, which put the Burmese government on a path of no return. Civil turmoil, government changes, and people are struggling to make a living.
Taking the economic path of drugs has aroused strong dissatisfaction in the international community, and the United States has taken the lead in initiating sanctions. The contents include science and technology, business investment, import and export trade, and the partial abolition of preferential policies for developing countries in the belt. In addition, it has unilaterally declared that it will not import any goods from Myanmar for 10 years.
The content of these sanctions is devastating, it completely destroys Myanmar's future economic development and isolates it from the world.
The Burmese government is competing for a power game, and the ethnic problem is also very serious. Sharp contradictions have arisen between various ethnic groups over the issue of faith, and there has even been no lack of armed conflict.
In northern and eastern Myanmar, there are hundreds of independent armed separatist groups, large and small. There is a constant conflict of interest between these people, and there is no concept of a state at all.
In order to preserve its own strength and interests, the Burmese government has turned a blind eye to these derived forces. Over time, it has become a political situation that is now surrounded but not suppressed.
The warlords are at the center of their power game, but they are suffering from the common people of Myanmar. In a modernizing world, Myanmar has become a problem with even the supply of electricity, as if it were an isolated island.
Myanmar has become such a chaotic situation not only for historical reasons, but also because of the selfishness and greed of those in power. Myanmar still has a long way to go in its reunification.
The impact of the disintegration of Myanmar on China
If the Burmese warlords are in full swing and eventually the country disintegrates, it will have a major impact on the stability, border security, and economic cooperation of the southwestern part of the mainland.
If Burma were to disintegrate, Shan State would become independent. It borders Yunnan on the mainland, with a border of more than 1,000 kilometers. Independence may lead to an influx of refugees into the mainland, bringing great pressure to border stability and posing a certain threat to social stability in Yunnan.
Independence of Shan State, an ethnic minority region in Myanmar, could make China's border areas more difficult to manage and face more uncertainties, which could strain relations between China and Myanmar.
The disintegration of Myanmar will also affect economic cooperation projects between China and Myanmar. Shan State, with its abundant natural resources and important industrial pillars, will face a situation where the states will have a share of the pie once they become independent. It may deal a heavy blow to Myanmar's economic development and affect economic cooperation between China and Myanmar. For example, the China-Myanmar oil and gas pipeline, Kyaukphyu port, jade business, etc.
China-Myanmar relations
At present, China-Myanmar relations have generally maintained a friendly posture. Politically, the leaders of the two sides have maintained close exchanges and jointly advocated the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.
China supports Myanmar's sovereignty, independence, national unity and territorial integrity, resolutely refuses to interfere in the internal affairs of other countries, and supports ASEAN in playing its role as the main channel.
On the economic front, the two sides will advance the five-year plan for economic and trade cooperation and implement the construction of the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor under the Belt and Road Initiative. The two countries have a long history of cultural exchanges, and the "China-Myanmar Year of Culture and Tourism" has further deepened the friendship between the two peoples and promoted exchanges.
China-Myanmar relations sometimes face some challenges, such as interference from external forces and internal political instability. It is expected that both sides will promote construction in the future and usher in better development prospects.
Based on this, China will not intervene in the Myanmar issue and hopes to resolve the internal conflict in Myanmar and promote the peace process through dialogue and negotiation.
epilogue
To tell the truth, the Myanmar issue has affected the security and stability of the world. Drug trafficking and fraud have indirectly affected the world pattern, and even the people of the mainland have been implicated.
However, it is still hoped that Myanmar can solve these problems on its own, and that those in power will wake up as soon as possible, break away from the secular power and save the Lebanese people from fire and water.
Finally, it is hoped that China-Myanmar relations will always maintain a good momentum and that social and economic prosperity and steady development will be achieved.