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Can India be stronger than China? An article entitled "China has been overtaken by India? The article recently sparked heated discussions on the Internet, claiming that India has surpassed China in some areas, although the global economic pattern is quietly changing, but this article is too absurd, does India really have the strength to surpass China?
India gained independence in 1947, and two years later, in 1949, when New China was founded, two eastern powers that had also experienced colonial rule stood at a new historical starting point almost at the same time, when India seemed to be slightly superior to China, but just a few decades later, the development trajectories of the two countries were completely different.
In the economic field, China has achieved leapfrog development through reform and opening up, and its total GDP has jumped to the second place in the world, and although India's economic growth should not be underestimated, it is still lagging behind China as a whole, in fact, India is not at a disadvantage in all areas, and they do show unique advantages in some aspects.
The first is India's film industry - Bollywood, as one of the world's three major film industries, Bollywood produces thousands of films every year, has a huge audience around the world, unlike Hollywood, Bollywood films with their unique song and dance elements and strong India cultural characteristics, in the international film market to kill a bloody road.
The success of Bollywood just reflects India's advantages in cultural export, by blending classical and modern, Eastern and Western cultures, India films not only meet the aesthetic needs of domestic audiences, but also successfully attract the attention of global audiences, this cultural soft power is one of India's proud capital.
However, in recent years, the problem of uneven quality of Bollywood movies has become increasingly prominent, and the same plot and too cheesy expression techniques have made many audiences begin to have aesthetic fatigue with Bollywood movies, and how to improve the quality of movies while maintaining India characteristics has become a major challenge for Bollywood.
From "Wolf Warrior 2" to "The Wandering Earth", a number of excellent domestic blockbusters have not only achieved great success in the domestic market, but also won international recognition, and Chinese films are telling Chinese stories and showing Chinese culture in their own way.
India also has a unique advantage in the field of medicine, as the world's largest producer of generic drugs, India with its low-cost, high-quality generic drugs, occupies an important position in the global pharmaceutical market, the formation of this advantage, and the policy support of the India government is inseparable.
In 1970, India amended the patent law to stipulate that only process patents are granted for food and drugs, but not product patents, this policy has created favorable conditions for the development of India's generic drug industry, and over time, India has gradually become the world's third largest pharmaceutical producer and major drug exporter.
Their generic drugs are not only inexpensive, but also of comparable quality to the original drugs, which makes India generic drugs a boon for many patients in developing countries, and even once called "India's miracle drug", but this model does not work in China, which strictly abides by intellectual property protection regulations and prohibits the production and sale of unauthorized generic drugs.
The rise of India's generic drug industry reflects the helplessness and wisdom of developing countries in the face of high drug prices, and this model has also caused many controversies, although it provides affordable drugs for the majority of patients. However, it may also discourage the R&D enthusiasm of pharmaceutical companies, which is not conducive to the innovation and development of the pharmaceutical industry in the long run.
More well-known is India's IT industry, which is also one of its proud advantages, since the 90s of the 20th century, India with its rich human resources and low labor costs, quickly become an important base for global IT outsourcing services, Bangalore, Hyderabad and other cities have gradually developed into "India's Silicon Valley", attracting a large number of multinational companies to set up R&D centers.
The advantages of India's IT talents are mainly reflected in two aspects: first, the large number of science and engineering graduates is produced every year, and second, the English proficiency is generally high, which is due to the legacy of India's colonial history, which makes India occupy an important position in the global IT service outsourcing market.
However, now India's IT industry is also facing the pressure of transformation and upgrading, with the rise of new technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data, the business model that relies solely on human cost advantages is being challenged, and how to transform from simple outsourcing services to high value-added innovation has become an important issue facing India's IT industry.
From hardware giants such as Huawei and Xiaomi to Internet giants such as Alibaba and Tencent, Chinese technology companies are emerging on the global stage, especially in cutting-edge fields such as 5G and artificial intelligence.
In 2008, India successfully launched the first lunar probe "Chandrayaan-1", and in 2014 India successfully launched the Mars orbiter, becoming the fourth country in the world to successfully carry out Mars exploration, these achievements not only enhance the international status of India, but also inspire national pride.India
However, compared with China's space industry, India still has a big gap, China has not only achieved the moon landing, Mars exploration, but also built its own space station, in the field of commercial space, China is also in the forefront of the world.
Looking at these advantageous industries in India, it is not difficult to find a common denominator: they all rely on India's demographic dividend and relatively low labor costs to develop, whether it is the IT industry, the pharmaceutical industry, or the film industry, all make full use of India's rich human resources.
With the development of India's economy, the labor cost advantage is gradually disappearing, and how to achieve industrial upgrading and climb to the high end of the value chain has become an important issue for the India economy.
India's development still faces many constraints, such as backward infrastructure, huge gap between the rich and the poor, and uneven distribution of educational resources, all of which restrict the further development of India's economy, especially in terms of urban-rural disparity, India's problems may be more serious than China's.
In big cities like Mumbai and New Delhi, you can see skyscrapers and luxury cars, but in the vast rural areas, poverty, illiteracy and poor infrastructure are still common, and this huge contrast not only affects social stability, but also hinders the balanced development of India's economy.
Although the gap between urban and rural areas also exists, China has achieved remarkable results in recent years through targeted poverty alleviation and rural revitalization policies, and China's experience in poverty alleviation has even been praised by the United Nations as a model for other developing countries to learn from.
Although India has a world-renowned Institute of Technology (IIT) and has cultivated a large number of outstanding talents, the popularity of basic education is far from enough, and according to statistics, the illiteracy rate in India is still as high as about 25%, which is undoubtedly a huge obstacle for a country that wants to become a world power.
In contrast, China has done a better job in popularizing basic education, the full implementation of nine-year compulsory education has reduced China's illiteracy rate to less than 5%, and China's education system also has problems such as exam-oriented education and uneven distribution of urban and rural education resources, but it is still ahead of India as a whole.
The gap between India and China in terms of infrastructure is even more obvious, China's high-speed rail network has spread across the country, while India's railway system is still old and backward, with a total of more than 160,000 kilometers of highways in China, compared to just over 20,000 kilometers in India. This gap in infrastructure has a direct impact on economic development and improvement of people's livelihoods.
Even so, we cannot deny India's unique advantages in some areas, such as in terms of democratic political system, India, as the world's largest democracy, its multi-party system and separation of powers political system seem to be more "legitimate" in the eyes of Western countries, which is why some Western countries prefer to regard India as a "natural ally".
However, democracy does not equate to efficiency, and although India's political system embodies democratic principles, it often suffers from inefficient decision-making and poor policy implementation, and China's political system, although different from Western models, tends to be more efficient in policy formulation and implementation.
As one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement, India has long pursued an independent foreign policy and maintained a balance between major powers, which enables India to gain more diplomatic space in a complex international environment.
In recent years, India has become an important pawn in the United States to balance China in the Asia-Pacific region by virtue of its geopolitical advantages, and this strategy also brings risks, and over-reliance on external forces may affect the strategic autonomy of India.
We have to admit that India has indeed shown late-mover advantages in some emerging industries, such as in the field of digital economy, the "Digital India" plan launched by the India government, which aims to promote economic growth through digital transformation, and India's mobile payment, e-commerce and other fields have developed rapidly, and can even compete with China in some aspects.
Economic development can not only look at a few bright spots, on the whole, India in terms of overall economic strength, scientific and technological innovation capabilities, infrastructure construction, etc., there is still a big gap with China, this gap can not be easily made up by relying on a few advantageous industries.
India and China, as the world's two largest developing countries, are striving for economic prosperity and national strength, and their development paths have their own characteristics, as well as their own advantages and disadvantages.
With its demographic dividend, English language advantage and democratic system, India has made remarkable achievements in IT services, pharmaceutical industry and other fields, and its flexible diplomatic strategy has also won it more international support, but the problems of backward infrastructure, huge gap between the rich and the poor, and unequal distribution of educational resources still restrict India's further development.
China has achieved rapid economic growth and comprehensive national strength through efficient policy implementation, large-scale infrastructure construction and comprehensive education popularization, and has become one of the world's leading countries in 5G, artificial intelligence, high-speed rail and other fields, but China also faces challenges such as environmental protection and social equity.
The competition and cooperation between the two countries will undoubtedly have a far-reaching impact on the world pattern in the 21st century, and for India, how to learn from the successful experience of China and other countries while maintaining its own characteristics is a question worth considering, and for China, how to promote the reform of the political system and improve the international discourse while maintaining high-quality economic development is also an important topic.
In this increasingly globalized world, no country can stand alone, India and China, as two ancient civilizations, have the responsibility to contribute to world peace and development, and the healthy competition between the two countries is not only conducive to the progress of both sides, but also provides useful reference for other developing countries.
With the advancement of science and technology and the deepening of globalization, the world pattern may undergo more changes, and in this process, whether India and China can transcend competition and achieve true win-win cooperation is not only related to the development of the two countries, but also affects the future of the whole world.
I believe that now you must have a new understanding of India, although they are very strong, but trying to surpass China is not something that can be done overnight, what do you think about this? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area to discuss.
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