In the new era and new journey, looking up at the sky, the Chinese's own "space home" shines brightly.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Exploring the vast universe, developing the aerospace industry, and building a space power are our unremitting pursuit of the aerospace dream. ”
Over the past 75 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Chinese astronauts have embarked on a path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics, promoting the aerospace industry from scratch and from weak to strong, and achieving historic, high-quality and leapfrog development.
As one of the only two space stations in space, China's space station has reached 100 tons, with a working and living space of more than 100 cubic meters, and a comprehensive technical level that ranks among the top in the world, becoming "the brightest star in space", fully demonstrating China's wisdom, ambition and strength in the new era.
Space "nesting" –
From "small one-bedroom" to "three-bedroom"
"Every small step forward is a big step for dreams, and China's space station is always worth looking forward to!" On September 2, 2022, when Shenzhou-14 astronaut Liu Yang completed his first exit, he couldn't help but sigh.
In 2012, Liu Yang made his first flight on the Shenzhou-9 manned spacecraft, and when he left the "Tiangong-1", he made a wish: "I will definitely come back." After 10 years, Liu Yang realized his dream of "flying to the sky" again. This "stay", her feelings are very different. During the Shenzhou-14 mission, Liu Yang and his teammates welcomed the arrival of the two experimental modules of the Wentian module and the Mengtian module. When the three modules embrace each other in the sky, the basic configuration of the "T" shape flies steadily in space, and the ingenious design of China's space station is amazing.
The researchers made this analogy: "If the Shenzhou spacecraft is a car, then Tiangong-1 and Tiangong-2 are equivalent to one-bedroom houses, and China's space station is like a three-bedroom, two-living room with storage room." "Whether it is the first expedition or the astronauts who have "flown into the sky" many times, they are full of praise for the Chinese space station.
Astronaut Nie Haisheng has carried out three flight missions, each time there are new feelings and experiences, and the most intuitive feeling given to him by the Chinese space station is: "The comfort is constantly improving, the reliability is getting higher and higher, the activity space has become larger, and the space food is becoming more and more abundant." ”
"When I entered the space station, my first feeling was that it was very big and had a lot of depth; The second feeling is that the sleeping area is quiet and the noise is very small; The third feeling is that this is a 'view room'. When I take a break, I can't wait to pick up my phone and take a picture of the moving scene outside the window; The most important feeling is that this is our country's space science experiment platform, and the experimental opportunity is rare and the operation experience is precious, which makes me very proud...... "Astronaut Tang Hongbo said.
From a "small one-room" to a "three-bedroom apartment", China's space station fully embodies Chinese characteristics and technological progress, and is a veritable "intelligent manufacturing in China".
"Go through all the procedures after someone else, and we'll be left behind forever." Academician Wang Yongzhi, the first chief designer of China's manned space program, once described it this way.
Since the beginning of China's manned space flight, it has aimed at the world's advanced level, and has strived to achieve major breakthroughs in key technologies, and has successively made breakthroughs in key international aerospace problems such as space-to-earth round-trip, space exit, rendezvous and docking. Independently developed a space station robotic arm system that meets the needs of space station missions and has Chinese characteristics; The localization rate of components and core components has reached 100%......
Since the launch of the Tianhe core module at the end of April 2021, it took less than 20 months for the mainland to complete the full construction of the space station, creating a record for the fastest space station assembly and construction in the history of the world's aerospace industry, and running out of the "acceleration" of China's aerospace. From unmanned flights to manned flights, from one-day flights to multi-day multi-day flights, from in-cabin experiments to out-of-cabin activities, from single-ship flights to space station surveys, China's manned space flight has spanned half a century of development in developed countries in 30 years.
Adhering to the concept of moderate scale, safety and reliability, advanced technology and economic efficiency, through the design and development of China's space station, China's aerospace industry has embarked on a development path of manned space flight with Chinese characteristics, marking the self-confidence and pride of China's space industry.
Institutional Advantages——
Hundreds of thousands of scientific researchers hold up Chinese's own space home
Every time Fan Gaojie looks up at the sky, he thinks of the Chinese space station, and his heart swells with warmth and many concerns. She is a scientific researcher of the Fifth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, and her team is equivalent to the "big housekeeper" of the "Space Home", providing strong technical support for the stable operation of the space station.
Whether the attitude of the combination is normal, whether the temperature and humidity in the cabin are appropriate, whether the functions of each system are operating normally, whether the signal flow of space teaching is not smooth, and whether the astronauts are safe when leaving the cabin...... Since the construction of the space station, Fan Gaojie and his colleagues have taken turns to be on duty 24 hours a day, paying close attention to the "every move" of the space station assembly in space.
Whenever a rocket is launched, Xu Liping is one of the people who cares most about astronauts. He is the leader of the solid fuel drug surface shaping team of the space engine of the 7416 factory of the Fourth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, and participated in the drug surface shaping work to ensure the escape tower engine of astronauts when they go to space. Day after day, Xu Liping led his team to deal with the extremely dangerous solid propellant and trim the fuel surface of the escape tower engine. Sharpening knives, shoveling medicine, carving...... They independently design and produce special manual shaping tools, and have always maintained a record of 100% pass rate and zero safety accidents.
More than 110 scientific research institutes, more than 3,000 scientific research units, and hundreds of thousands of scientific research personnel have worked together to support Chinese's own space homeland, and the vast number of astronauts on all fronts have supported each other, united and struggled, unwilling to be left behind, and the spirit of self-reliance and self-reliance, revealing China's aspirations in the new era.
"It is inconceivable to carry out such a grand project without the centralized control of the Party Central Committee and without the great coordination of the whole country." Zhou Jianping, chief designer of China's manned space project, said. In the history of mainland aerospace, there was a legendary story of "10,000 people fighting to build a Shenzhou". During the construction of the space station, "engines in Xi'an and Shanghai, solar wing cells in Tianjin, electrical connectors in Henan, batteries in Shanghai, and components in Sichuan...... The day before it was still in the factory, the next day it was able to 'fly' to the assembly workshop in Beijing. Some experts describe the advantages of the new national system.
"If we do a good job in everyone's post, we will be China's aerospace and the great motherland," the words of Academician Qi Fayun, the first chief designer of the Shenzhou spacecraft, have always been the motto of young astronauts. To build a space power, we must rely on the continuous struggle of generation after generation, and the aerospace spirit will continue to be inherited and carried forward.
Achievement Transformation –
More than 4,000 space application achievements are widely used in all walks of life
In 2016, the Shenzhou 11 mission was launched, and the mainland artificially cultivated vegetables in space for the first time. Astronaut Jing Haipeng wrote in his diary: "At that time, Brother Chen Dong and I were very happy and told the ground staff the good news as soon as possible. We took a lot of photos and took a photo with the lettuce sprouts. ”
Six years later, Chinese astronauts spent the Mid-Autumn Festival in space for the first time and ate fresh lettuce cultivated by themselves. Astronaut Cai Xuzhe commented: "The taste is very good. ”
Shipbuilding is to build a station, and building a station is an application. This is the original mission of China's space home. In this national space science laboratory, space science experiments have been carried out in an orderly manner, and more and more application achievements have been transferred and transformed with remarkable results.
The space cucumber, space tomato and other vegetables are well received, and space breeding helps increase the annual grain production by about 2.6 billion kilograms; The bone loss confrontation device developed around the life of astronauts in orbit can be applied to prevent degenerative osteoporosis and muscle atrophy...... As of August 2023, China's space station has implemented more than 100 space science research and application projects in orbit, and more than 4,000 mainland space application achievements have been widely used in all walks of life.
With the support of strong aerospace technology, the "Tiangong Classroom" in the space station is becoming more and more exciting. The teaching space has been expanded from the Tiangong Laboratory and the core module of the space station to the Wentian module and the Mengtian module of the space station, which is more spacious and bright. The teaching signal is smoother, and the "space broadband", which is several times faster than the 5G network speed, supports the dialogue between teachers and students in heaven and earth; The teaching method is novel and advanced, the astronauts wear mixed reality glasses to demonstrate the collection operation of plant samples...... "the dream of flying never loses weight, the tension of the dream of science is infinite", and the space teaching full of whimsy allows the seeds of science to take root and sprout in the hearts of hundreds of millions of young people, and interprets the profound meaning of Chinese dreaming of space.
Starting from the cradle of the earth, Chinese astronauts continue to write a magnificent chapter in the vast universe of using the aerospace dream to hold up the Chinese dream. With the "Beidou" network, the "Chang'e" lunar exploration, the "Tianwen" fire exploration, and the "Xihe" day by day, China's comprehensive aerospace strength has been continuously improved, and the scope of space exploration has become deeper and wider.
"The starry sky is vast, the exploration is endless, and only by continuous innovation can the Chinese nation better move towards the future." In the never-ending exploration, self-reliance, self-reliance, and courageous progress, China's aerospace industry will continue to create new brilliance, and the Chinese's flying steps will be more stable and farther.
Source: People's Daily Online-People's Daily
Reporter: Liu Shiyao