"Zhao is determined to work hard for the cause of national liberation, practice what he believes, and practice what he knows." These are the words of the great proletarian revolutionary Li Dazhao in his "Self-Statement from Prison." He was bitter for the humiliation of the nation, sorrowful for the plight of the nation, struggled for the liberation of the nation, and finally sacrificed for the nation. Li Dazhao's deep national feelings are not only reflected in his philosophical, political, and historical works, but also in his poetic works.
Lonely and sad for the danger of the nation
Li Dazhao's early poems were full of sorrow for the backward, war-torn and suffering nations. In 1907, the young Li Dazhao had the ambition to serve the country and embarked on the road of study in order to explore a good way to save the nation. As he said in his "Self-Statement in Prison": "Feeling the urgency of the national situation, Zhao urgently studied politics and sought a good way to save the nation and invigorate the country, so he went to Tianjin to apply for the Beiyang College of Law and Politics. ”
In 1908, Li Dazhao wrote "Miscellaneous Feelings of Climbing the Tower": "The thorns and thorns parasitize mayflies, and the green temples want to be bald for no reason. The hip did not mention the three-foot sword, and he fled and thought about the five lakes boat. He has lived in Yan City for a long time and slaughtered dogs, and he has been looking for Zheng Shang to learn to sell cattle. Nothing has been accomplished, and Shen Shen spends spring and autumn in his dreams. This poem uses allusions extensively, all of which are related to the nation and the country, and the characters are all patriots with national feelings. On the one hand, Li Dazhao used Liu Bei's allusion of "not mentioning the three-foot sword" to metaphorize his sadness of wanting to make a contribution but couldn't, using the allusion of Jing Ke and Gao gradually leaving the assassination of Qin to express his regret that the hero died first before he succeeded, and using the allusion of Zheng Guoniu Shangxian to express his determination and desire to serve the motherland. On the other hand, the "mayfly" is used as a metaphor for the shortness of life and the ease of aging, "I feel that Shaohua is like a stream of water, and the lakes and mountains are very sad for me." "A sense of melancholy about the passage of time and nothing has been accomplished comes to my face." The family and country have been hated for more than ten years, and the heroes have been desolate for thousands of years. "It exaggerates a kind of loneliness and sadness where the family and country are in trouble and the hero is lonely and inactive." The sea and sky are sparse and the clouds are gone, and the tears are sprinkled by the west wind and the building alone. It also pushes this loneliness and sorrow to a climax, as if we see a patriotic young man standing alone in the wind, looking up to the sky, and even crying.
The ambition and pride to fight for the nation
With the deepening of thinking and the development of thought, Li Dazhao has a deeper understanding of the danger of the nation, although he still has a feeling of depression, but this feeling of depression is gradually replaced by a rising heroic feeling in his heart. In the winter of 1909, Li Dazhao wrote in "Sending Friends on the New Year's Day" (two poems): "The revenge of the ninth generation can be avenged, and the wish of ten years has not been violated", "The ambition of more than twenty years, sending new poems for thousands of miles". In the face of the mountains and rivers of the motherland that were torn apart by imperialist invasion and warlord secession, Li Dazhao rose in his heart with the resolute will to avenge the country. This is the inner monologue of an aspiring patriotic young man, which reflects Li Dazhao's transformation from the initial depression and sorrow to the gradual strengthening of his will. In "Crying Jiang Weiping" (two songs), Li Dazhao wept bitterly for the devastated nation on the one hand, "the country is full of tears, and tears have not been collected"; On the other hand, he cried for the loss of his friend, "Half a lifetime of heroic souls sink into the desert north, and the bones are cold after many years." In the poem, Li Dazhao lamented the regret of not being able to fight for the country and the nation in person like his comrades-in-arms, "I entered Pingshan one step late, and I never returned." At the same time, he also expressed his desire to defend the interests of the nation-state, "a thousand years of Xu Ling should have hatred, and do not teach Hu Ma to cross the river."
With the outbreak of the October Revolution in Russia, the light of Marxist truth was shining, and the revolutionary road in Li Dazhao's heart became clearer and clearer, and this change was also reflected in his poetry. In "Gift to Xiaofang, Shoushan" (two poems), Li Dazhao wrote: "Riding horses and Yumen is closed, not for the sake of children. The tragic song is easy to water, and the ambition is out of the Tianshan Mountain. The poem reveals a kind of revolutionary pride and heroism on horseback. In 1916, Li Dazhao took the Falun from Yokohama to Chunshen, and made a work in the Pacific boat: "The righteous voice rises in Yunnan, and the drum moves Hebei." Peerless acquaintances, generous and open-minded. Midnight out of Edo, the bright moon is dark. Peng Bird will be Tu Nan, and the wings will be opened; soaring straight to the sky, he is not afraid of thorns. I am a young man in the phase, and Kuang Shiyi should work hard. The boy is still flying, and the opportunity is lost. This poem is generous and expresses the author's expectation and yearning for joining the revolution and his fighting spirit without fear of difficulties. He hopes that he and the youth of the times will have the ambition of serving the country with Lingyun, and will not be afraid of wind and rain and move forward bravely like Dapeng spreading his wings. In "Sending the Young", Li Dazhao wrote: "Farewell to the end of the world is not allowed to worry, and all the hatred will be in vain." Why should he drink the Huanglong Mansion and build the Shenzhou Wind and Rain Tower. He clearly expressed his determination to abandon his sorrows and devote himself to the revolution, and looked forward to the victory of the revolution, drinking three cups and rebuilding China, and a heroic feeling jumped on the paper.
The true love of sacrifice for the nation
Due to the development of the New Culture Movement, Li Dazhao's poetry form gradually changed from ancient style poetry to new poetry, but his deep national feelings have always remained the same, and his spirit of sacrifice and revolutionary optimism in the face of death as if he were at home are moving. In "Song of the Yellow Species", Li Dazhao explained his revolutionary attitude in straightforward language: "Don't be afraid of death, don't want money, and your husband will never be pitied by others." The flood is raging, and one hand is raging. Fang does not live up to the stone pen and iron inkstone, and the sages of the posterior. The values of life in this poem are the same as those stated in "Sacrifice", "A noble life is always in heroic sacrifice" and "Death is not so terrible!" in "Death". "The values are the same. In "Welcome Duxiu Out of Prison", Li Dazhao is full of revolutionary hope and enthusiasm, "But you don't have to sigh, you don't have to sigh, we now have a lot of incarnations, and we rise up at the same time: like the seeds of flowers and plants, blown away by the wind." Although the revolution suffered setbacks and revolutionaries were persecuted, Li Dazhao was deeply aware that the seeds of revolution were nurturing and germinating, and that the revolutionary forces were accumulating and growing. He firmly believed that the flame of revolution would surely be ignited, the revolution would be victorious, the people would eventually be free, and the nation would eventually become independent. In "A New Life on the Double Cross", Li Dazhao wrote: "Love your own home, love your own country, and love the human beings of the world", "We really love him, and we should sacrifice ourselves to him". On April 28, 1927, Li Dazhao was killed by the enemy because of the revolution, and he sacrificed his young life for his beloved family, country and people, composing the most beautiful movement of life.
Although Li Dazhao's poems are not numerous and concentrated from 1908 to 1919, these poems truly reflect his revolutionary journey from hesitation and helplessness to firm optimism, and demonstrate his unswerving, strong and persistent revolutionary will and his national feelings of worrying about the country and the people and serving the country with his body.