Beijing Commentary is a rap art based on Beijing rhyme, which mainly narrates stories and comments on human affairs. Beijing is the birthplace of commentaries, and later gradually developed to Tianjin, Hebei, northeast three provinces and other places.
In the 1930s, Mr. Lian Kuoru, the founder of Lianpai Commentary, continuously broadcast commentaries on Beijing Radio, such as "The Romance of the Eastern Han Dynasty", "The Whole Book of Sui and Tang Dynasties", and "The Golden Gun Yang Jiajian", winning the reputation of "thousands of households listening to the commentaries, and the clean streets and alleys are even wide". After liberation, at the behest of Comrade Peng Zhen, the mayor of Beijing, Mr. Lian Kuoru served as the leader of the Quyi Service Brigade of the first Chinese people's condolence group to the DPRK, went to the DPRK to comfort the volunteer army, and performed "Wusong Fighting the Tiger" and other commentaries. After returning to China, he served as vice chairman of the Qu Association and member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and made important contributions to the exchange of books and commentaries between the north and the south.
Lian Liru and her father Lian Kuoru
Mr. Lian Liru is the younger daughter of Mr. Lian Kuoru, with a straightforward personality, a firm will, a good cultural foundation, and the contacts in life are all kinds of qu art and celebrities from all walks of life, especially touched and infected by the father's book-reading art, so he is determined to inherit the Lian family's book-reading art.
In the 1950s, under the influence of the social environment at that time, no one was willing to learn to inherit the traditional form of music and art; Lian Liru had older brothers and sisters on it, but her physical condition and qualifications were not as good as hers, and she was not so determined to judge books. Therefore, the issue of the inheritance of Lianpai Commentaries also fell to Lian Liru.
At the age of 16, Lian Liru dropped out of school to enter the Qu Art Troupe and studied the art of storytelling under the cultivation of her father. At the age of 19, Lian Liru began to take the stage to say "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", a girl said that the Three Kingdoms is a rare thing, many people came to listen, it can be said that it was full.
Lian Liru once asked her father, how can I become a storyteller? Lian Kuoru replied, "If you want to become an artist, you must understand human feelings, the so-called thorough human feelings are books, and how big people you know is how big a book is." In the future, when you understand the human condition, you will definitely start a family. Otherwise you can't be smart or capable."
Why did Mr. Lian Kuoru say this? Because the biggest feature of the book review is that there is a comment, there is no storyline without saying it, and without the comment, it cannot reflect the cultural heritage of the book, and it cannot attract the audience. And actors want to achieve the organic combination of commentary, they need to understand the sophistication of human feelings, the so-called human sentiment training is the article, which is also the spirit of the art of storytelling.
Before Lian Liru first came on the scene, Mr. Lian Kuoru only told her one thing: "Half an hour before the opening of the book, sit on the bookstage and listen to the audience chat." The audience is both a food and clothing parent and your teacher. It is said that the commentary should have a good popularity. "It's human sophistication.
When Lian Liru was free, Mr. Lian Kuoru arranged for her to sort out the books at home, read various editions of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and the Water Margin, and learn ancient Texts. A guest came to the house, and she was allowed to serve tea next to her, and sat by to listen to her father and the old gentlemen chatting. He also told her about the artistic careers and artistic characteristics of Shang Xiaoyun, Ma Fulu, Chang Lian'an, Hou Baolin, Liu Baoquan, and so on. Slowly, Lian Liru accumulated experience in storytelling. This is also the state of human nature.
Later, Lian Liru suffered setbacks and blows such as the death of her young son, the unjust death of her father, the dissolution of the rap troupe and the decentralization of labor, etc. She did not give in, still retained her frankness and strength, and stubbornly survived to the spring of her career. This also made her deeply appreciate the human condition taught by her father, and her understanding of the essence of the art of storytelling was also more in-depth and meticulous.
Mr. Lian Liru performance photo
In 1979, the sound of Liu Lanfang's "Yue Fei Biography" was heard on the radio, and the Beijing Xuanwu Rap Troupe began to recover, and Lian Liru returned to the Quyi Troupe. The husband, with the encouragement of Jia Jianguo, prepared to say "The Evolution of the Eastern Han Dynasty". But she had neither said nor studied the book. At this time, the role of husband Jia Jianguo was reflected. Mr. Lian Liru is a national first-class actor, while Jia Jianguo, as a string master, is only a second-level actor. But Mr. Jia is quite introverted, with a spacious belly and an amazing memory. Lian Liru performed on stage, jia Jianguo gave advice, sorted out materials, managed the library, and taught apprentices offstage. Lian Liru and her husband, Mr. Jia Jianguo, once jointly produced a book "I am a book reviewer", which is apt to say that the couple was born for the book review. Mr. Jia tried to restore every chapter and every move of the "Eastern Han Dynasty" that he had learned more than twenty years ago, and helped Lian Li hang up as follows every day (terminology, the meaning of commentaries).
When the park said "Eastern Han", the audience was full. Lian Liru and the audience's hearts were closer. Sometimes the wrong word is mispronounced on stage, and the audience will seriously point it out after the scene. When Lian Liru coughed and gasped because she smoked too much, the audience would let Mr. Lian take a break and talk again. Late in the day, the old audience will accompany Mr. Lian to the station and then go home. This also made Lian Liru more deeply realize that the life of storytelling lies in the library, and only in the library can there be this kind of face-to-face, heart-to-heart communication.
In the 1980s, Liu Lanfang's "Biography of Yue Fei" was popular all over the country, and Mr. Lian Liru deeply felt that the publicity of Beijing Commentaries was unfavorable and there was no successor. At that time, Yingkou, Anshan and Jinzhou in Liaoning Province produced famous storytelling and performance artists such as Liu Lanfang, Shan Tianfang, Zhang Hefang, and Tian Lianyuan. Are there any other famous actors in Beijing besides Lian Kuoru? Has the Beijing Commentary fallen? No, there are talents; compared with the art of storytelling in the northeast region, the storytelling in Beijing also has its own characteristics of profound cultural heritage, and the most important thing is that the organization and publicity are unfavorable. Under these circumstances, at the suggestion of Jia Jianguo, "Little Zhuge Ge", Lian Liru broke into the Guandong three times to Harbin, Shenyang, Anshan and other places to record and broadcast commentaries, and with the support of the leaders of the coal mine cultural and industrial troupe, went abroad to bring the commentaries to the world - Singapore, Malaysia, and the United States. Lian Liru has gradually become familiar and loved by audiences across the country and the world.
Lian Liru was with her peers
Someone once commented on Lian Liru's commentary, "Lian Liru inherited the characteristics of Lian Liru's commentaries to be known for their commentaries, and while narrating events, they expounded subtle subtleties, so that people could get the influence of history and culture in the pastime culture." In terms of performance skills, Lian Li is as sharp as her mouth and clear in her words, and the words on the characters' open faces and the description of the war scenes of Jinge Iron Horse are strong, such as beads walking on jade plates, and there is a stone breaking the sky. In expressing the dialogue of the characters, Lian Liru made a large number of uses the performance program of white mouth, gesture and eye in the art of opera, reflecting the performance style of Wu Shuwen and seeing ups and downs in stability. ”
Lian Liru performs the Beijing Commentary
After becoming famous, Lian Liru did not revel in the achievements she had, she always worried about the inheritance of the book, to cultivate apprentices, to return to the library, and to communicate with the audience face to face. The organic combination of the book liangzi, the artistic means and procedures of book review, the storyteller, the library, and the audience constitute all the elements of the art of book review.
In June 2007, Mr. Lian Liru officially accepted Wu Di, Jia Lin, Zhu Zhaoliang and Liang Yan as apprentices, and Wang Yuebo and Li Jing as righteous sons. Today, lianpai commentaries have a fourth generation.
Lian Liru and his wife received the apprentice ceremony
On June 30, 2007, Beijing Commentary became Beijing Municipal Intangible Cultural Heritage; in 2008, Beijing Commentary was selected into the National Intangible Cultural Heritage Catalogue, and four storytelling artists, Tian Lianyuan, Shan Tianfang, Liu Lanfang and Lian Liru, were selected as the representative inheritors of the third batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects, and Mr. Lian Liru was the only representative inheritor in Beijing.
In November 2007, with the strong support of the Xuanwu District Government, Xuannan Bookstore was established, followed by the Chongshuguan Dongcheng Bookstore.
Wang Yuebo, the representative inheritor of Beijing Commentary at the district level
The old Ji Futuo, determined to be in a thousand miles. Today, Mr. Lian Liru, who is nearly eighty years old, is still busy with the inheritance and development of Beijing commentaries.
I hope that the traditional form of music and art that accompanied us to grow up in Beijing can be carried forward in the new historical period.
I hope that more young people will walk into the library, one person at a table, one cup of tea, and accompany you to spend a relaxed and happy weekend.