Today, let's talk about one of the core skills of network engineers - VLAN division, and how it has become an "iron rice bowl" in the career of network engineers.
VLAN, or Virtual Local Area Network, is a virtual network technology implemented on switches. It is capable of splitting a physical network into multiple logically independent networks, and each VLAN is an independent broadcast domain. It's like in a large shopping mall, where people come and go, but through different stores and areas, order and efficiency are ensured.
Why are VLANs so important?
1. Enhanced security: VLANs can restrict access between different network areas, just like installing an anti-theft door for each store to protect the security of data.
2. Performance improvement: By reducing the size of the broadcast domain, VLANs effectively reduce network congestion and improve the efficiency of data transmission.
3. Flexible management: VLAN division is not limited by physical location, and network engineers can flexibly adjust the network structure according to needs.
4. Cost savings: VLANs are configured to split the network through software, which greatly reduces the need to purchase additional hardware.
VLANs all understand, right?
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a technology used on switches to segment a network, which can logically split a physical network into multiple independent broadcast domains. Each VLAN is an independent network with its own broadcast address and packets, and does not interfere with each other.
Features of VLANs:
1. Broadcast domain isolation: Broadcast traffic inside a VLAN does not spread to other VLANs, helping to reduce the impact of broadcast storms.
2. Enhanced security: Packets between different VLANs cannot reach each other by default, enhancing network security.
3. Flexibility: Ports in different geographic locations can be flexibly assigned to the same VLAN as needed, regardless of physical location.
4. Easy to manage: VLANs provide a logical way to divide the network, which is easy for network administrators to configure and manage.
Significance of VLAN classification:
1. Improve security: By dividing different departments or user groups into different VLANs, you can restrict access between different users and prevent sensitive information leakage.
2. Optimize performance: Reduce unnecessary broadcast traffic and improve network efficiency and performance.
3. Easy to scale: As the network scales, VLANs can be flexibly adjusted and expanded to adapt to changing network needs.
4. Cost-effective: The use of VLANs can reduce the need to purchase additional hardware, and realize network segmentation and management through software configuration.
5. Policy enforcement: VLANs can work with policies such as Quality of Service (QoS) to provide different priorities and service assurances for different types of traffic.
VLAN Classification Method:
1. Port-based partitioning: Divide devices into different VLANs based on ports. This is the most commonly used VLAN partitioning method.
2. MAC address-based partitioning: Assign devices to specific VLANs based on their MAC addresses.
3. Protocol-based segmentation: Traffic is distributed to different VLANs based on the type of network protocol.
4. Subnet-based partitioning: Assign devices to VLANs based on IP subnets.
Example configuration of VLAN:
On a Huawei switch, perform the following steps to configure a VLAN:
1. Go to the system view.
2. Create a VLAN and assign an identifier to it.
3. Configure the interface for the VLAN and set the IP address for network communication.
4. Assign the physical port to a VLAN, either in Access mode (belonging to only one VLAN) or in Trunk mode (traffic can be transmitted from multiple VLANs).
Partitioning VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) is a common network configuration used to split a physical network into multiple virtual networks to improve security, reduce broadcast traffic, and increase network management flexibility. The following steps are used to configure VLANs on Huawei switches:
1. Go to the system view:
<Huawei> system-view 2. Create VLAN: Create one or more VLANs. For example, to create VLAN 10 and VLAN 20:
[Huawei] vlan 10
[Huawei] vlan 20 3. Configure VLAN interfaces: Configure an interface for each VLAN and set the corresponding IP address. For example, set the IP addresses for VLAN 10 and VLAN 20 respectively:
[Huawei] interface Vlanif 10
[Huawei-Vlanif10] ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-Vlanif10] quit
[Huawei] interface Vlanif 20
[Huawei-Vlanif20] ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
[Huawei-Vlanif20] quit 4. Add port to VLAN: Assign a physical port to a VLAN. For example, add port GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 to GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 to VLAN 10, and port GigabitEthernet 0/0/4 to VLAN 20:
[Huawei] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type access
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port default vlan 10
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
[Huawei] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 to GigabitEthernet 0/0/3
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2(1-3)] port link-type access
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2(1-3)] port default vlan 10
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2(1-3)] quit
[Huawei] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/4
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] port link-type access
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] port default vlan 20
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] quit 5. Configure Trunk Ports: If required, configure Trunk Ports to allow traffic from multiple VLANs to pass through. For example, configure port GigabitEthernet 0/0/5 as a trunk port and allow VLAN 10 and VLAN 20 to pass through:
[Huawei] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/5
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/5] port link-type trunk
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/5] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/5] quit 6. Save Configuration: Save the configuration to ensure that the configuration is still valid after the device restarts:
[Huawei] save 7. Exit the system view:
[Huawei] quit Please note that the port number and VLAN number in the above command may need to be adjusted according to your actual network environment. Also, make sure to follow best practices and security guidelines during the configuration process. If you need to configure VLANs at more advanced levels, such as setting routes between VLANs, applying QoS policies, or configuring VLAN access control lists, you may need further configuration steps.
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