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In 1950, when the Korean Peninsula was filled with gunsmoke and the world was staring with bated breath, this war was not only a contest between North Korea and Korea, but also a fierce collision between the Western camp led by United States and the socialist camp; when the US Seventh Fleet sailed into the Taiwan Strait and when the United Nations crossed the 38th parallel, the trend of the world pattern became confusing
Behind this war, the attitude of one country is particularly eye-catching, that is, India, at that time, India had just shaken off the shackles of United Kingdom colonial rule and emerged on the international stage, in the face of this war that touched the global nerves, why did India choose to openly oppose United States' refusal to send troops to North Korea?
To solve this puzzle, we need to look at the deeper historical context and geopolitical landscape
After the end of World War II, the political map of the world has undergone a drastic reshuffle, the once invincible colonial empire is gradually declining, the national liberation movements of Asia, Africa and Latin America are surging, and India, an ancient country with a long history and splendid civilization, has also been reborn in this historical torrent
In 1947, India declared independence, freeing itself from United Kingdom two centuries of colonial rule, and the India after independence did not usher in real peace and stability, and the religious conflicts, social unrest, and territorial disputes with neighboring countries brought about by the partition of India and Pakistan became problems for the new country
In the face of the complex domestic and international situation, India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru knew that in order to gain a foothold in the international arena, he must find an independent diplomatic path, and in the shadow of the Cold War, Nehru was unwilling to choose sides between the two camps of the United States and the Soviet Union, but actively advocated the non-aligned movement, trying to strive for greater development space for other emerging independent countries while safeguarding their own interests
The outbreak of the Korean War became a litmus test for India's foreign policy
India Geographically, the Korean Peninsula and the India Subcontinent face each other across the sea, and if the situation on the Korean Peninsula gets out of control and the war spreads to China, or even triggers a larger-scale conflict, the India will not be able to stay out of it
From an ideological point of view, India and China are both important members of the socialist camp, and the two countries have forged a deep friendship in the anti-imperialist and anti-colonial struggle, and Nehru knew very well that China's position in the Korean War was not aggression and expansion, but a just move to defend the country and safeguard its own security and sovereignty
Therefore, when United States manipulated the UN Security Council to adopt a resolution to form a "United Nations Army" to intervene in the Korean civil war, India resolutely abstained from voting and openly expressed his opposition to United States unilateralism
In Nehru's view, United States' involvement will not only not help solve the North Korean issue, but will aggravate regional tensions and push the world into the abyss of war
India's position is not impulsive, but a deliberate strategic choice, and Nehru knew that India, despite its recent independence, has a significant influence on the international stage due to its large population, abundant natural resources, and important geographical location
He skillfully exploited the contradiction between the United States and the Soviet Union in the struggle for world hegemony, and in diplomacy he was left and right, not only winning economic assistance from the United States and the Soviet Union, but also safeguarding his own independent diplomatic stand
During the Korean War, India actively mediated to create conditions for armistice negotiations, and in 1951, India's representative introduced a motion at the United Nations General Assembly, calling for ceasefire negotiations between the warring parties and suggesting that a committee of neutral countries should be formed to oversee the implementation of the armistice agreement
India's efforts made an important contribution to the eventual realization of the Korean armistice agreement
India's position on the Korean War reflects its independent foreign policy and responsibility for world peace, and Nehru once said: "India cannot stay out of world affairs, we must contribute our strength to world peace and justice"
India's performance in the Korean War is the best interpretation of this sentence
India's position on the Korean War was also not flawless, for example, India tried to mediate the conflict in the early stages of the war, but its good offices efforts did not make substantial progress due to miscalculations of the situation and illusions about United States
India also failed to prevent the division of the Korean peninsula after the war and failed to make its due contribution to the realization of lasting peace on the Korean peninsula
Despite some shortcomings, India's performance in the Korean War still provides us with some valuable inspiration
National interests are always the starting point and end point of foreign policy, and India always took safeguarding its own interests as the supreme principle during the Korean War, neither blindly following United States nor unconditionally supporting China, but making independent judgments according to the needs of its own interests
Diplomacy requires wisdom and art, and India skillfully exploited the contradictions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the Korean War, seeking survival in the cracks and striving for greater space for its own development
It is the responsibility of every country to maintain world peace, and India's active mediation in the Korean War to create conditions for armistice negotiations reflects the responsibility of a responsible major country
The wheel of history is rolling forward, and the smoke of the Korean War has long since dissipated, but India's position and role in the war are still worthy of our deep consideration
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