Huishi's Initial Essay
Text/Li Yude
The torch has been passed down from generation to generation, and the learning has a long lineage. On December 1, 2023, Huimin Normal ushered in its 75th anniversary, which is a common festival for our teachers. To this end, the alumni association was established, and a grand ceremony was held at Binzhou University on December 16. Huishi is always the root of Huishi. Our generation has the obligation to let future generations understand the history of Huishi and inherit the spirit of Huishi. In order to express the emotions of Huishi people, the "Huishi" will be passed on through the alumni association, so that the alumni association will become the spiritual home and spiritual station of every Huishi person! So, what kind of school is Huishi? Looking back on the entrepreneurial history of the school, looking back and feeling the hard work and hard work spirit of the entrepreneurs, it is necessary to show the founding history of Huishi to everyone, so as to inspire future generations to keep in mind the mission, never forget the original intention, and better inherit the revolutionary spirit.
The history of Huimin Normal is a glorious history and a history of hard work. Huimin Normal School is the earliest and most influential secondary normal school in the Jilu Border Region independently established by the Bohai Special Administration of the Communist Party of China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Over the past 75 years since its founding, the university has trained nearly 20,000 students from all walks of life across the country, making outstanding contributions to the socialist revolution and socialist construction of the motherland. In particular, his contribution to education in Shandong is unique. The teachers and students of Huishi Start-up have experienced the entrepreneurial period from the initial establishment of the school to gradually embark on the formal running of the school, they have built the campus with their own hands in a difficult environment, they are optimistic, persevering, aggressive, enthusiastic to serve the country, the spirit of hard work and the story of singing and crying will always be worthy of future generations to remember and learn.
One
In the summer of I947, the Chinese People's Liberation Army switched from a strategic stalemate to a strategic offensive, and on the battlefield, the attack on the Kuomintang reactionaries was overwhelming, attacking cities and plundering land. In September 1948, the rumbling artillery of the liberation of Jinan opened the prelude to the strategic offensive of the People's Liberation Army. At this great turning point in the revolution, all localities and units urgently needed cadres and talents from all walks of life, and the East China Bureau and Shandong Province lost no time in holding the third education work conference in Minjiazhuang (where the East China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee is located) at the junction of Linqu County and Yidu County in Shandong. In accordance with the needs of the development of the revolutionary situation, it was decided to vigorously open teacher education and secondary education and rapidly train revolutionary personnel to help the development of the situation and the needs of the revolution. After the meeting, the Bohai District Administration actively implemented the spirit of the meeting of the Provincial Party Committee Education Working Committee, and decided to set up a normal school under difficult circumstances. Since Huimin County has just been liberated and the situation is still unstable, it was decided to tentatively set the school site in Ma Huajiang Village, three miles north of Huimin City. There are more than 50 households in the village of Ma painters, the area is open, the mass foundation is good, and it is close to the county seat, it is convenient for leadership, and there are old temples and redundant houses to use, and there are objective conditions and location advantages for running schools, so the school site is tentatively set in Ma Huajiang Village.
Two
In October 1948, after a special study, the Bohai Special Administration decided to assign Guan Feng and Li Qingtian, chief of the Education Department of the Administrative Department, to be in charge of the preparatory work for the establishment of the normal school. It can be seen from this that the standard of the teacher is high and the status is strong. After more than two months of intense preparations by Guan Feng, Li Qingtian and other comrades, the school finally opened as scheduled on December 1, 1948 and a grand opening ceremony was held. On the first day of school, the red flag fluttered, the gongs and drums were noisy, and the leaders in charge of the East China Bureau, Shandong Province and Bohai Special Administration were all present. The Bohai Peking Opera Troupe and nearby cadres and masses also came to congratulate them. On the banner of the rostrum, the red characters of "Shandong Province Bohai Houshi Opening Ceremony" are bright and eye-catching, like blooming peach blossoms. Under the banner, the school leadership team headed by Principal Guan Feng wore a washed white military uniform, tied an armed belt around his waist, and carried a pistol cross-body, standing on the rostrum in a uniform manner, majestic and magnificent. Hired through multiple channels, 16 teachers, including knowledgeable Zhang Boyang, Shi Feng, Li Yicun, Cui Bingnan, Zhang Dongtai, Zhang Yitang, Zhao Yimin, Sun Yunhan, Sun Mouchun, Wang Hecun, Shi Biography, and Ji Hua (female), wore robes on the rostrum, like a clear stream, making the cultural atmosphere of the venue more intense. Staff members Yang Jingxian, Xu Shouhuai and others ran before and after running on the rostrum, pasting slogans and making curtains, making the scene more enthusiastic.
The representative of the Shandong Provincial Party Committee presided over the opening ceremony, and the "Shandong Bohai Normal School has been established today"! Under a shout, the venue was boiling, and the cadres and masses on and off the stage cheered loudly, followed by firecrackers and gongs and drums...... The speech of the leader of the East China Bureau pushed the opening ceremony to a climax. From the specifications of the opening ceremony of Boshi Normal School, it can be seen that the East China Bureau and Shandong Province attach great importance to Boshi and its high status. On this day, history was created; On this day, this highest university on the Lubei Plain, the cradle of cultivating revolutionary teachers, was born in the cheers; This day is designated as the school anniversary. In accordance with the needs of the situation and the spirit of the instructions of the East China Bureau, the Bohai Rear Division set the three goals of "national, scientific, and popular" as the educational policy, took "pulling up the cultural army of millions of people and sweeping away the remnants of feudal thinking of thousands of years" as the educational task, and designated Sunday as the "sacred and inviolable day of compulsory labor." In the intense preparation, in less than half a month, on December 15, Boshi officially brought the teaching work on the right track.
Three
The initial enrollment of Boshi is 272 people, with two classes at one level and one year. Among them, there are 106 students, including Hou Bingzhang, Li Yunzhai, Sun Mingde, Cao Jixing, Liu Xinyi, Li Mingyang, Li Wenming, Li Donglian, Zhang Xinhui, Wang Yumin, Zhang Fuping, Zhao Yinfu, Li Meizhai, Gai Changming, and Liu Jingheng. There are four classes in the second level, and the duration of the school is two years. Among them, there are 108 students, including Zhang Daokuan, Xue Shoucao, Liu Qingshan, Li Zhenpeng, Liu Yunting, Liu Yuanxiang, Li Wentan, Zheng Shengzhi, Zhang Yanshou, Hou Zhi, Zhao Changfa, Shang Yucai, Cui Jizhong (female), Yuli (female), Ji Ling (female), etc. Among them, Yuli and Ji Ling are transfer students. There was also a cram school with 58 students, which was later merged into the third level. In the autumn of 1949, some students were selected from the second level and organized into the third class of the first level, and graduated at the same time as the second level, and the students included Zhang Zhixiang, Fang Xudong, Che Jingzhi and others. These nearly 300 students have a complete education, junior high school, high school, and three-level education, most of which have junior high school education. Ages range from the youngest 14 years old to the oldest 40 years old. Some of the students came from the countryside, and some came from the newly liberated cities. Despite the complicated situation of the students, they all received the baptism of revolution and later became useful talents for the revolution and construction of New China.
In the autumn of 1949, two more classes of three levels were enrolled, with a two-year school period. With the addition of one class from the original cram school that was merged into Level 3, there are a total of three classes at Level 3.
Four
"Liberated areas, cough
Mass production, cough, cough
The army and the people are cyclical, lala
Let's mobilize and cough
……”
In the singing of the large-scale production of military and civilian affairs, the teachers and students of Boshi were enthusiastic and full of enthusiasm, and in the spirit of revolutionary optimism, under difficult conditions, with their own hands, and by making use of the existing conditions, they built a school while studying.
In the east of the village, the old whitewashed temple is particularly bright, which is the teacher's office, and the nearby houses are made of adobe to build desks, straw handles are tied into stools, lime and soot are plastered into blackboards, and door panels are used to prop up lecterns. The mill shed and firewood and grass house were cleaned, the soil kang was laid, the kang edge was put on the brick plate, and the thick old grass was spread to become a warm dormitory. "Burrow Ming" cloud: The mountain is not high, and there are immortals. The water is not deep, and if there is a dragon, it will be spiritual. Si is a burrow, but Wu Dexin. The truth is: where students live, what is ugly. As Zi said: "A spoonful of food, a scoop of drink, in the alleys, people are unbearable, and they will not change their pleasures." Virtuous, back! "The spirit of optimism and optimism is the face of the contemporary. On the first day of school, there were only 12 books and three bottles of red and purple potions, which was all the belongings of Boshi. If you are poor, you will think about change, and if you want to do it, you must make a revolution. Teachers and students did it themselves, collected books, made their own ink, and mimeographed teaching materials...... With the hard work of teachers and students, the school's cultural and educational supplies have been gradually enriched.
"It's time to eat!" In the sound of the master's meal, a gong sounded (at that time, the drums were beaten in class and the drums were beaten after class), and the teachers and students flocked to the room, which was converted from a wide carport, and two large cauldrons (big enough to cook people. The master chef must stand on the pot table and use a special shovel as a shovel to turn the dish up and down). A mouthful of steamed wotou, a mouthful of stir-fried vegetables (breakfast, one porridge and two wotou, lunch one dish three wotou, dinner, one soup and two wotou). Whether it is a school leader, a teacher or a student, in life, the same rationing, the same weal and woe, the same food. In order to support the front line, teachers and students only eat coarse grains, and only once a week fine grains. In front of the cauldron, the students lined up in a long snake formation, and the master didn't care to look at the battle, and used a spoon to hold cabbage and pork dumplings and vermicelli to the students, shouting with an authentic Shandong accent: "Improve the food tomorrow, pork and cabbage big buns"! As soon as they heard about the improved food, the happy students jumped and jumped. In front of the canteen is the big playground of Boshi, and when eating, teachers and students are used to squatting on the side of the playground, beside the avenue, chatting while eating, this scene has become a great spectacle of Boshi.
All schools are under militarized management, and they study, work, and propagate at the same time. Despite the difficult conditions, everyone was imbued with the spirit of revolutionary optimism. Early in the morning, as soon as the wake-up call sounds, the students get up one after another, and within fifteen minutes they must go to the playground and line up according to their classes, so the sound of the morning exercise of "one-two-one" breaks the silence of dawn. In the evening, the cheerful revolutionary songs resounded in the sky, and the revolutionary enthusiasm of teachers and students touched the villagers, making the secluded village begin to boil in the song.
After the singing, it was the evening self-study time for the students. In the evening self-study, the students sat around to study, debate and study, and study under the dim light. Although the conditions are difficult, they have not lost their ambition. As soon as the lights out, everything fell silent, and the students fell into a gentle sleep.
The school implements militarized management, and the leave system is also very strict, except for the autumn and wheat holidays, it is generally not allowed to ask for leave. When it is really necessary to go home, the school will issue a meal card according to the distance traveled, and you can have a meal by asking the village chief to hand over the certificate along the way.
Five
In the Spring Festival of 1949, the school was moved to Ximen Street (the former site of the County Agricultural Machinery Bureau) in the city, and in June, it was moved to today's school site. The current school site is the examination shed of the Qing Dynasty examination Xiucai, the provincial fourth middle school in the Republic of China, and the residence of the Bohai Cadre School before moving here. At that time, the school site area only accounted for less than half of the campus, adjacent to the Bohai District Party School to the west, and the Children's School of the Administration to the north, which was later the location of the teaching building. After the school moved in, the conditions for running the school have been greatly improved, with offices, dormitories, classrooms, rooms, health rooms, libraries, instrument rooms and other houses, cultural and sports equipment, tables and stools, and all kinds of equipment. The order of work and rest has also changed from beating drums and gongs in the past to rattling bells. It's just that the students still sleep on the clay kang, the evening self-study is still a group with a kerosene lamp, and the food is still basically coarse grains, and even sorghum noodles. The location has changed, the conditions have improved, but the spirit of hard work has not changed. At that time, the courses offered included politics, education, Chinese, arithmetic, history, geography, animals, plants, art, music, physical education, etc., and some of the teaching materials used junior high school textbooks in the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region, and later the Provincial Department of Education also compiled some middle school textbooks for use, and some of them were self-compiled lecture notes (such as "general theory of education" and grammar knowledge"). Explaining that the purpose of education is to serve the revolution and the cause of liberation, Chairman Mao's "Report on the Investigation of the Hunan Peasant Movement" was selected in Chinese, and in connection with the land reform in the Liberated Areas, it was clarified that "very good" and "very bad" were issues of class standpoint.
Six
In June 1949, the Shandong Provincial Conference on Teacher Education put forward the spirit of the directive of "continuing to implement political and ideological education, strengthening cultural education, and improving the quality of current secondary schools." In the winter of the same year, the Provincial Department of Education proposed to "open the door to the workers and peasants", and Boshi resolutely implemented the spirit of the instructions of the superiors, paid close attention to the organizational construction of the school, and improved the leadership collective with Guan Feng as the principal, Liu Guanjia as the vice principal, Li Qingtian as the teaching director and secretary of the party branch, and Wang Jing (female) (note: Wang Jing, formerly known as Wang Shuanglan, who had studied at the Yan'an Central Party School, was a department-level cadre, and Xu Xiangqian's ex-wife) was the deputy director. In the autumn of 1949, teachers Yang Yueru and Zhang Mingji were promoted to deputy directors, and Chen Xingsan was appointed as a teaching clerk and secretary of the Youth League Committee. Jiang Guanlun is the director of general affairs, and Gan Xiangwu is the deputy director.
In September 1949, the Provincial Department of Education sent a group of new teachers to Boshi from Jinan, these teachers were Ge Zihe, Yang Jilong, Yang Xueqiao, Wang Zonglong, Shi Yutian, Zhang Donghao, Shang Songshi, Zhang Rongting, Wang Peizhang, they were middle school teachers or college students before the liberation, and they participated in the revolution late (all in June 1949), and the school implemented the intellectual policy of unity, education, and transformation. It has improved the level of cultural knowledge of students, and they are the fresh blood and vitality of the school. On the evening of October 15, the eve of the start of classes after the autumn break, Guan Feng said at the tea party of teachers and student representatives: "Bohai Normal has two major happy events this semester, one is to celebrate the birth of the People's Republic of China, and the third is to add nine new teachers with rich knowledge.........
Since then, the teaching atmosphere of Boshi has become more intense, and a system has been formed for lesson preparation, class inspection, class listening, self-study tutoring, and homework correction. Teaching and theory in the spirit of the Five Loves should be combined with the principles of reality and infiltrated into the field of teaching; political classes should emphasize the "Common Program" and philosophy; history classes should give prominence to the role of the masses and abandon the heroic view of history; geography classes should be linked to the situation in the liberated areas; art classes should be used to publicize current affairs cartoons; biology classes should be taught with grafting and dissection; physical and chemical classes should be set up with experimental demonstrations; and revolutionary songs should be sung in music classes. In their spare time, the students' Yangge twisting was gradually replaced by singing and swimming competitions and ball games. In February 1949, Boshi established an affiliated primary school (the site of Cross Street School), and teacher education gradually changed to a "new type of regularization".
Seven
At the beginning of the establishment of Boshi Normal School, the Liberation War was in progress, and due to social reasons, family backgrounds, and different personal experiences, the ideas of "changing the sky", "crossing gold", and "being a teacher safe" were very popular. The party branch of the school, as well as the Youth League Committee, the class teacher, and the student union, often study the changes in students' thinking, and carry out education with a clear goal. In addition to participating in local political activities, teachers and students insist on studying politics for one hour every day before breakfast, and the main political study is to study the writings of Comrade Mao Zedong, party documents, and newspaper editorials. Later, he systematically studied the history of social development and political economy, and regularly linked it with reality, wrote down his experience, or gave quizzes. Students' extracurricular education is mainly for the study of political and current affairs, organizing the study of Chairman Mao's articles, party documents and newspaper editorials, holding group discussions every week, linking personal ideological reality and performance, encouraging progress, and criticizing backwardness. Once a week, we will meet to criticize and self-criticize.
The school holds a weekly meeting of teachers and students, and the leaders give speeches, talk about the revolutionary outlook on life and morality, criticize the arguments of "power is right" and "the victor is the prince and the loser is the thief", and make it clear why people live. What qualities should a revolutionary youth have? "Where does our food come from"?
In the spring of 1949, in order to allow students to study with peace of mind, the school carried out an activity of "putting down the burden and moving forward lightly" among the students, mobilizing them to explain their personal problems to the organization. In 1949, the school took advantage of the "May Fourth" Youth Day to convene a general meeting, first, to complain about the poisoning suffered in the Chiang district and expose the crimes of the reactionaries; The second is to make clear about one's own history so that we can move forward lightly. At that time, Yang Bo, An Zhongyu and several other students talked about the anger at the conference, and they cried bitterly, which had a great impact and dispelled the students' concerns. After the meeting, most of the students who had problems talked to the party about their political and historical issues, such as those who were members of the Kuomintang, members of the Three Youth Leagues, and members of the Democratic Society, all of whom had truthfully registered, as well as their own family backgrounds, and explained to the organization. After that, the students went into battle easily, relaxed and happy, and moved closer to the party.
After the "May Fourth" meeting, the students' consciousness has improved one step further. There was a "three-to-one" movement in each class that compared ideas, learning, and labor, and many good people and good deeds emerged. And after the wheat holiday, a school-wide model evaluation meeting was held, and the model characters and model classes were selected, and the list was encouraged, and a pennant was awarded to the first and second classes of the model class, which made progress and permeated the whole school.
Eight
Bohai Normal University takes the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University as a model and takes "firm and correct political direction and arduous and simple work style" as its educational policy. The school motto is "unity, tension, seriousness and liveliness". The starting point is that "all the work of the school is to transform the minds of students". Turned Boshi into a melting pot of revolution.
"The sky in the liberated areas is a clear day, and the people in the liberated areas like it so much;
The democratic government loves the people, and the kindness of the Communist Party cannot be exhausted; ”
In their spare time, the students sang songs, walked with cheerful steps, and ran to the nearby villages in the afterglow of the setting sun, and walked into the gate of the military family, carrying water, sweeping the yard, removing dung, mud walls, and helping to wash hair, feet, and clothes. Le's military uncle and aunt couldn't close their mouths. The students also lost no time in reporting to them the news of the front that they were most concerned about, and wrote letters to their families, which not only encouraged the fighting spirit of the soldiers at the front, but also comforted the hearts of their relatives in the rear.
Do it yourself, have plenty of food and clothing. Students insist on using their own hands to improve their lives and beautify the campus. In their spare time, students plant vegetables, help with stoves, collect firewood, clean the school yard, remove blanks, build walls, and carry ...... Especially after moving to the new site, the students picked up 70,000 or 80,000 bricks on the ancient city wall, took off 200,000 bricks, and built 22 earthen houses. Paving the road in the school, and the paved road is named "Jianguo Road", "Youth Road", "Heping Road", the paving of the road, not only beautify the campus, but also change the traffic situation in the school, effectively put an end to the muddy situation after the rain in the campus.
With the efforts of teachers and students, Bohai Normal has shown a new look to the world, especially the cultural programs they performed, which made the local people like to see. The staging of songs, Shandong Kuaishu, "The White-Haired Girl", "Xiao Erhei's Marriage", "Yang Paifeng", "Quanmei Case" and other programs have alarmed the villages around Huicheng, and the staging of these literary and artistic programs has not only enlivened the local atmosphere and publicized the excellent situation, but also exposed the sins of the Kuomintang reactionaries and the landlord class, praised the greatness of the party, the wisdom of decision-making, and established the party's prestige in the hearts of the people.
In the second semester of 1949, the students also set up four private schools, one of which was a senior private school, and the students took turns attending classes every night.
In only one year, Huimin Normal has worked hard from scratch, and the foundation has been laid (political thinking foundation, organizational foundation, work foundation, material foundation, teachers, etc.), like a strong seedling, a bud that has just opened, while learning, doing it, constantly reforming the old and spreading the new, exploring the laws of education, and gradually moving towards the palace of education.
In 1950, Bohai Normal was renamed Huimin Normal and finally squeezed into the ranks of the palace of education.
About author:Li Yude, a native of Yangxin, Binzhou, an alumnus of Huishi 82, a member of the Binzhou Writers Association, and the honorary chairman of the Yangxin County Writers Association.