Dairy industry is one of the characteristic industries in Yanping District, Nanping City. In the 60s of the last century, Yanping established a state-owned dairy farm, and gave birth to large-scale well-known dairy enterprises such as Changfu and Dacheng. According to the latest data, there are currently 14 large-scale dairy farms in Yanping, with more than 20,000 dairy cows.
Yanping is located at the source of the main stream of the Minjiang River, where the mountains are stacked with green mountains and clear water, and it has the reputation of "the pearl of the Minjiang River and the gateway city". However, in the early years, Yanping's dairy farming model was dominated by the traditional extensive type, and the manure treatment equipment was relatively simple, and waste solids and manure were often littered and discharged, and Yanping's ecological and environmental protection faced major challenges.
In recent years, under the guidance of the theory of "two mountains and two modernizations", Yanping District has actively promoted the standardized ecological and healthy breeding of dairy cows, and actively explored and implemented the ecological cycle mode of planting and breeding of "cattle-marsh-vegetable" and "cattle-marsh-grass", so as to realize the comprehensive utilization of dairy cow manure; Summarize and formulate a comprehensive technical plan for the prevention and control of dairy diseases, build a solid line of defense for food safety in the dairy industry, minimize the impact of dairy farming on the ecological environment, and promote the high-quality development of the green ecology of the dairy industry.
Recite the "Cycle Sutra"
Recently, the reporter came to Hongrui Ecological Agriculture Industrial Park located in Wangtai Town, Yanping District. At present, there are more than 3,000 dairy cows in the industrial park, and the fresh milk produced is supplied to Changfu Dairy Company; At the same time, there are more than 1,000 acres of fresh vegetable planting base and organic fertilizer factory in the park.
In a corner of Hongrui's dairy cow production workshop, there is a centralized manure treatment tank. According to Wu Shanzhong, the director of the farm, the cow manure will enter the sewer through the slatted board, and then be discharged to the centralized treatment tank, and then it will be separated from the solid and liquid for 1 to 2 weeks, so as to catch the "recycling" express train of turning waste into treasure.
"After the solid-liquid separation, the liquid part of the manure reaches the digester for fermentation. Part of the biogas produced is used to supply energy to the production plant; The biogas slurry is used as fertilizer to irrigate vegetable fields and pastures, or the tail water is treated and recycled to wash the cowshed. The solids are fermented in compost for 1 to 2 weeks and used as organic fertilizer for vegetable patches, pasture plots, or as cattle mattresses. Wu Shanzhong told reporters, "Solid manure is recycled as cattle mattress material, which reduces the cost of additional cattle mattress materials purchased by the ranch." At the same time, the amount of manure treatment is reduced by 70% compared with the treatment capacity of in-situ fermentation, which has both economic and ecological benefits. ”
"Moving on this mattress material improves cow comfort and increases lying time, which also reduces the incidence of limb and foot disease in dairy cows." Zheng Liying, head of the Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Yanping District, told reporters that last year, the annual milk yield of Hongrui cows increased from 10 tons to 11.5 tons.
Not only has the milk production been greatly improved, but through such an ecological cycle model of planting and breeding, Hongrui planting base can also produce 9,000 tons of fresh vegetables per year, and the annual output of organic fertilizer plant can reach 10 tons.
At present, this model has been promoted in all dairy farms in the region represented by Hongrui, with a total of about 7,687 acres of consumption land, about 4,386 acres of pasture planting, and about 2,000 acres of fruits and vegetables.
Build a "safety line"
Doing a good job in the prevention and control of dairy cattle diseases is the top priority to build a solid line of defense for food safety in the dairy industry.
"Since 2012, the positive rate of monitoring the 'two diseases' (tuberculosis and brucellosis) of dairy cows in Yanping District has always remained zero, and the level of prevention and control is at the forefront of the country." According to the relevant person in charge of the Yanping District Agriculture and Rural Bureau, the secret of Yanping's prevention and control of the "two diseases" of dairy cows is to strengthen supervision and monitoring.
"The District Agriculture and Rural Bureau took the lead in setting up a professional team to implement the system of animal husbandry and veterinary technicians chartering the farm hanging point, and each large-scale dairy farm was hung by a technical staff to guide the prevention and control of the disease; According to their own situation, in accordance with the principle of 'one policy for one game', the enterprises have improved the overall level of biosecurity of dairy farming in the whole region by changing the feeding mode from tethered to free-range breeding, transforming vehicles and personnel disinfection channels and improving various epidemic prevention management systems. The relevant person in charge of the Yanping District Agriculture and Rural Bureau said that on the basis of implementing the main responsibility, Yanping also carried out the monitoring of dairy cow diseases on a regular basis, and reported the positive cattle monitored in a timely manner and carried out harmless treatment.
In order to more effectively promote the experience of dairy cow disease prevention and control, Yanping has carried out the construction of purification farms and "disease-free communities". Since 2016, when Yanping established the country's first non-immune purification field, up to now, in the field of dairy cows, there are 6 purification farms above the provincial level (including 2 national-level purification fields). At the end of 2021, the first batch of large-scale dairy farms in the country will be able to land in Nanping Fuyan Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd.
"We regularly invite experts from the ministry and provincial levels to carry out technical training and guidance on the construction of purification farms and 'disease-free communities'. In this process, a set of comprehensive prevention and control technology plans were summarized and formulated, which were demonstrated and promoted in purification farms and 'disease-free communities', so as to guide other dairy farming enterprises to carry out major disease prevention and control work, and gradually expand the application areas and types of applied diseases. Zheng Liying said.
It is reported that through the joint efforts of many parties, in recent years, the incidence of dairy herd diseases in Yanping District has been significantly reduced, and the abortion rate of dairy cows has also decreased by 3% compared with the past.
丨Source: Fujian Daily reporter Xu Xin
丨Editor of this issue: Feng Xiaomin
丨Proofreading: Feng Xiaomin
丨Producer: Zhang Yao Feng Bin
丨Director: Zhao Min
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