introduction
“
大家或许耳熟能详，但对它的作者大家能脱口而出是谁吗？
"Ai Lian Said" is very short, only 119 words, writing the seven qualities of lotus loveliness and respectability, which has become a famous essay on the words of the people, and has been recited to this day.
若生在当代，周敦颐可谓算得上“歌红了人没红”的那种明星。
今天我们一起走进开山宗师——周敦颐。
Excerpt from "Character Story Atlas"
Zhou Dunyi, whose name is Uncle Mao, is a philosopher and physicist in the Northern Song Dynasty, and is known as the originator of science.
He devoted his life to the study and dissemination of Confucianism, especially in the field of science.
Zhou Dunyi's doctrine is based on "sincerity", emphasizing the inherent goodness of human nature, and believes that through cultivation and practice, everyone can reach the realm of a saint.
Zhou Dunyi's far-reaching and broad thinking is inseparable from the study and development of knowledge, and it is also inseparable from the honesty and integrity engraved in his bones.
"What can such an official do! I can't kill people to flatter. ”
1. Background of the event
In the fifth year of Qingli (1045), Zhou Dunyi was transferred to the Nan'an Army (located in present-day Dayu County, Jiangxi Province) to join the army, that is, a military state-level official in charge of politics and law.
During this period, Wang Kui was the chief officer and transit envoy of the Nan'an Army, responsible for supervising and managing the local judicial and administrative work.
It is rumored that this man has a cruel and fierce personality, and often kills people to please his superiors in order to achieve his own political goals.
Second, the course of the incident
There was a man who committed a crime, but the law did not deserve death, and Wang Kui was a cool official who wanted to sentence this person to death. Everyone didn't dare to argue with Wang Kui, only Zhou Dunyi was not afraid and fought according to the law.
However, Wang Kui was not moved by Zhou Dunyi's righteous words and still insisted on his decision.
Faced with the stubbornness and brutality of his superiors, Zhou Dunyi was deeply disappointed and angry. He realized that continuing to serve as an official in such an environment would not only fail to uphold justice and fairness, but would instead become an accomplice to the abuse.
So, he resolutely threw down the wat board, which symbolized his official position, and decided to abandon his official position. Before leaving, he left that resounding words:
All in all, Zhou Dunyi shows us the concept of a saint that mortals can learn and reach, and the saint is still the saint, transcendent and extremely talented, but the saint is no longer just a mysterious legend that people hope for, but a realistic ideal that everyone can possibly have.
The ideological connotation of "saints can learn".
Human nature is inherently good: Zhou Dunyi believes that human nature is inherently good, which is the innate condition for people to become saints. He emphasized that the reason why people make mistakes or get lost is because acquired desires and selfish thoughts obscure the goodness of nature.
Therefore, as long as these veils are removed through cultivation and practice, one can regain one's true nature and thus attain the state of a saint.
Cultivation and Practice: Zhou Dunyi believes that becoming a saint is not an unattainable dream, but can be achieved through cultivation and practice. He advocated the cultivation method of "the Lord quietly establishes the pole of man", that is, through inner tranquility to gain insight into the nature and laws of all things in the universe, so as to improve one's moral realm.
At the same time, he also emphasized the importance of practice, believing that only by putting what he has learned into practice can he truly become a saint.
Indoctrination and guidance: Zhou Dunyi not only pursues the realm of a saint himself, but also devotes himself to educating and guiding others. He disseminated his doctrines and ideas through lectures and books, hoping that more people would be able to understand the truth that "saints can learn" and put it into practice.
Lianxi held high the banner of "sages can learn", which provided important inspiration for the later Song and Ming Dynasty scholars, and the Confucian sage knowledge and cultivation work were also enriched here.
Huang Tingjian commented on Zhou Dunyi in "Preface to the Collection of Yu Chapters: Lianxi Poems": "The character is very high, and the mind is sprinkled, like the light of the wind and the moon." ”
And "Guangfeng Jiyue" is considered by the literati of all generations to be the most appropriate evaluation of the personality of a gentleman!