When did you realize that you had really grown up?
When I found out that there were no more winter and summer vacations
(I really can't hold it back)
It's even more devastating for people who have babies at home
During the summer vacation
Parents have to worry about their baby's homework
I have to worry about the baby's eyes
Because some babies are like wild horses on the loose during the summer vacation
Hold your electronics all day long and don't let go
Such a summer vacation down
It is easy to develop myopia
or in the case of deepening myopia
Myopia is preventable, controllable and irreversible
Early prevention, early detection and early intervention should be achieved
This was issued by the National Health Commission
Ten Core Knowledge for the Prevention and Control of Myopia in Children and Adolescents
Please keep it away
01
Prevention of myopia starts early
Children's eyes and vision are gradually matured.
The newborn's eyeballs are smaller, the eye axis is shorter, and both eyes are in a state of hyperopia, which is physiological hyperopia, which is called "hyperopia reserve".
As children grow and develop, the eyeball gradually grows, the eye axis gradually becomes longer, and the degree of hyperopia gradually decreases and tends to be emmetropia.
▲ Source: Internet
Insufficient hyperopia reserve refers to the normal visual acuity of the naked eye, and the refractive state after dilated refraction does not meet the standard of myopia, but the degree of hyperopia is lower than the physiological value range of the corresponding age group.
Insufficient hyperopia reserve is easy to develop into myopia, children should receive regular refractive screening in early childhood at the age of 1~3 years old, preschool age at the age of 4~6 years old, and school-age after the age of 7 years old to monitor the reserve of hyperopia.
Parents should establish myopia prevention and control awareness from the birth of their children, give their children a healthy visual environment, and help children develop good eye habits.
02
Outdoor activities should be at least 2 hours per day during the day
Exposure to sunlight during outdoor activities can increase the release of active substances such as dopamine in the eye, promote the normal development of the eye and inhibit the elongation of the eye axis, which is an effective and economical method for the prevention and control of myopia.
▲ Source: Internet
The time spent outdoors was significantly correlated with myopia indicators such as refraction power and axial length, and children and adolescents should insist on no less than 2 hours of outdoor activities during the day every day, or a total of 14 hours per week.
▲ Base map source: network
Outdoor activities should be avoided during the hot and intense afternoon periods. Even on cloudy days, outdoor activities have a protective effect on myopia.
03
Develop good eye habits
Long-term close-up eye use is the key factor to induce the formation of myopia, and children and adolescents should develop good eye habits.
1. Reading and writing to achieve "three ones"
That is, "one foot, one fist, one inch", the eyes are one foot away from the book, the chest is one fist away from the desk, and the hand is one inch away from the tip of the pen.
2. Adhere to the "20-20-20" principle
That is, you can use your eyes at close range for 20 minutes and look at 20 feet away (about 6 meters) for more than 20 seconds.
▲ Source: Internet
3. Keep the light moderate
Make full use of natural light during the day and avoid direct sunlight; In addition to turning on the table lamp at night, an appropriate background light source should be used indoors.
04
Age-based control of screen time
The long-term use of electronic video products at close range is easy to consume children's hyperopia reserves, which is an important reason for the early onset and high incidence of myopia in children and adolescents.
- Infants and toddlers aged 0~3 years old do not use mobile phones, tablets, computers and other video electronic products;
- 3~6-year-old children should try to avoid touching and using mobile phones, tablets, computers and other video electronic products;
- Primary and secondary school students' use of electronic screens for non-learning purposes should not exceed 15 minutes at a time, and the cumulative time per day should not exceed 1 hour.
When using the electronic screen to study, the center of the screen should be about 10 cm below the eye line, the distance is 4-6 times the diagonal length of the electronic screen, and after watching for 30-40 minutes, you should rest and relax for 10 minutes.
▲Source: Tianjin Youth Myopia Prevention and Control Center
05
Stick to eye exercises every day
Eye exercises are a kind of acupressure around the eyes under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory, which can stimulate nerves, relax eye muscles, promote eye blood circulation, and relieve eye fatigue.
▲ Source: Internet
Careful and standardized eye exercises after continuous eye use can allow the eyes to get sufficient rest, reduce the lag of adjustment, improve the symptoms of visual fatigue, and help prevent and control myopia.
When doing exercises, you should pay attention to cleaning your hands, find the right acupuncture points, and the strength is in place, and it is advisable to have a slight feeling of soreness.
06
Balanced nutrition and adequate sleep
0~17 years old is an important stage of eye and visual function development, need to consume balanced nutrition, parents should guide children and adolescents to consume more fish, eggs, milk, soy products and other foods, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, to achieve a diversified diet.
Normal circadian rhythm and adequate sleep are essential for the eye development of children and adolescents, and toddlers and primary school students should sleep no less than 10 hours a day, junior high school students should sleep no less than 9 hours, and high school students should sleep no less than 8 hours.
Parents should create a good sleep environment for their children, guide them to rest on time, get up on time, work and rest regularly, and cultivate good sleep habits.
07
Follow the doctor to dilate the pupil to diagnose myopia
Parents who observe that their children have abnormalities such as close vision, squinting, etc., or whose vision has deteriorated during screening, should go to a medical institution for eye examination in time.
Dilated refraction is the "gold standard" for diagnosing myopia after using cycloplegic agents to relax the ocular accommodation.
Mydriatic drugs do not cause damage to healthy eyes, and symptoms of photophobia and blurred vision can occur for a short time after taking the drug, and can return to a normal state after stopping the drug.
▲Source: Huizhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
Parents should have a correct understanding of dilated eye refraction, and follow the doctor's instructions for examination and clear diagnosis.
08
Timely intervention for diagnosed myopia
Once myopia is diagnosed, it should be corrected by wearing glasses. Wearing the right glasses can effectively correct blurred vision and delay the progression of myopia.
For those with normal vision wearing glasses, preschool children and elementary school students should be rechecked every 3-6 months, and junior and senior high school students should be re-examined every 6-12 months to decide whether to change glasses according to the specific situation.
Appropriate TCM techniques such as auricular pressure pills have been proven by evidence-based medicine to control the progression of myopia, and students and parents should standardize their application under the guidance of professional physicians.
09
Pay attention to high myopia and related complications
Myopia above 600 degrees is considered high myopia.
In the highly myopic population, the incidence of blinding eye diseases such as cataract, open-angle glaucoma, myopic macular degeneration, retinal detachment, and myopic optic neuropathy is significantly higher than that of other populations.
Timely and appropriate prevention and control interventions should be adopted to delay the age of myopia onset, control the progression rate of myopia, and reduce the irreversible visual impairment caused by complications related to high myopia.
10
Multi-party joint efforts to build a "protective wall"
The prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents requires the joint efforts of the government, schools, families, children and medical and health institutions, and the joint action of the whole society to create a vision-friendly environment for eye care, work together to build a "protective wall" for myopia, and jointly take care of children's eyes, so that they can have a bright future.