472, Zhuangzi borrowed fish to play for his own pleasure

　　"Zhuangzi" writes two fishing stories, which are very vivid and famous. For thousands of years, it has been repeatedly quoted and widely recited, giving people profound ideological enlightenment and great spiritual encouragement.

　　One wrote that Zhuangzi refused to be hired.

　　One day, Zhuangzi was on the water, forgetting to fish. Suddenly, two well-dressed and doctor-looking people came and saluted Zhuangzi respectfully, saying that they were envoys sent by the king of Chu, and the king was "willing to accumulate in the territory" and appointed Zhuangzi as the minister of Chu.

Zhuangzi was embarrassed all his life, and the biggest official was only a small lacquer garden official in the Song Kingdom.

"The dynasty is Tian Shelang, and the twilight is in the Tianzi Hall", from then on, under one person, above ten thousand people, rich and authoritative, the world looks up. Bumping into this kind of pie-in-the-sky good luck, who is not surprised to dance and forget?

Zhuangzi was indifferent, "holding the rod and ignoring it", while continuing to fish, he leisurely told the two doctors the allusion of the Chu State: I heard that there is a divine turtle in your country, which has been dead for 3,000 years, and the bones are treasured by the king in the temple, which is extremely honorable. I would like to ask the two doctors, "This turtle, would it be more expensive to die than to keep bones?" Would you rather be born and drag your tail in Tuzhonghu? The two doctors were confused by Zhuangzi, so they had to answer according to common sense: "Rather be born and drag the tail to be in the middle." ”

Zhuangzi took the opportunity to wave his hand to them: "Go." I will drag the tail in the paint. (Please go back.) Since the Divine Turtle has a clear revelation, then I should live my pauper life freely and contentedly) In this way, ordinary scholars who have been thinking about it for a long time and trying to seek the position of a great power in every possible way were rejected by Zhuangzi as if they had abandoned their malpractices.

　　A writer of Ren Gongzi fishing is magnificent.

　　Ren Guo has a son, who disdains to catch ordinary fish, and deliberately makes a huge rod with a big hook and rope to catch big fish.

He used the meat of 50 bulls as bait, squatted on Huiji Mountain, "cast a rod in the East China Sea, and fished", and fished for a year, but he didn't catch anything. But Ren Gongzi is still full of interest and heroic fishing.

Finally, a big fish swallowed the bait and scurried around in the water with a giant hook. Raise the whiskers and fin to stir up "white waves like mountains, sea water shocks, sound ghosts and gods, fear thousands of miles".

Ren Gongzi will catch the big fish after the wax and give it away, from the east of Zhejiang, north of Jiuzhi Mountain, people are full of fish and meat. It became a beautiful talk, and was "shocked and told by the world" and praised from generation to generation. Zhuangzi commented: If you don't have the courage and demeanor of Ren Gongzi, holding a small rod and a small rope, guarding a small ditch and a stream, you can only catch some small fish and shrimp, "it is far from Dada".

It's like fishing, and it's the same with governing the country. "I haven't heard of Ren's customs, and they can't be far from the world." If Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea" brilliantly celebrates the tenacity and tenacity of human nature, it is a kind of fortitude beauty; Zhuangzi's "Giant Hook Fishing" brilliantly shows the grandeur of life, which is a kind of majestic beauty, both of which are the great beauty of heaven and earth, and when read at any time, it makes people feel breathless and excited, and their personality and character are sublimated.

　　Although the book "Zhuangzi" is quite fabled, it is full of "fallacies, absurd words, and gratuitous precipices". But these two stories are quite true. The rejection of the phase of the Chu State is seen in the book "Zhuangzi", which is seen in both "Autumn Water" and "Lie Yukou", and Sima Qian also has a vivid and detailed account in the "Historical Records", which shows that it is indeed true. Ren Gongzi's giant rod fishing for giant fish is obviously an allegory, but judging from the life yearning and life appeal of Zhuangzi reflected in the book "Zhuangzi", the spirit of Zhuangzi embodied in it is absolutely true and credible. Therefore, the so-called Ren Gongzi fishing, the real Zhuangzi fishing.

　　Zhuangzi famously said: "The one who is in the fish is in the fish, and the fish is forgotten; …… The speaker cares so much, and he forgets to speak. "Zhuangzi fishing, writing fishing, the purpose is not to fish and fish, but to use fishing and fish to create a kind of life environment and show a kind of interest in life.

　　Expressing appeal through fish

　　Communicate with the spirit of heaven and earth

　　The ultimate that Zhuangzi aspires to is the spiritual freedom of "waiting for nothing", the state of life freedom without any interference. He wants to "swim with the Creator", "to participate in the light of the sun and the moon", and "to be with heaven and earth". Zhuangzi believes that "through all things" is the greatest happiness, which is called "heavenly happiness". Zhuangzi is very fond of fish, and thinks that he "knows the joy of fish", so he especially loves to use fish to express his life appeal.

　　It is recorded in "Zhuangzi • Autumn Water" that once, Zhuangzi and Huizi swam on the Haoliang. Seeing the fish swimming freely in the water, Zhuangzi couldn't help but praise the fish: "Swimming calmly is the joy of fish". Keiko asked him: "Zifei fish, the joy of Anzhi fish?" Zhuangzi asked rhetorically: "The son is not me, and I know that I don't know the joy of fish?" Keiko asked again: Where did you know about the joy of fish? Zhuangzi replied, "I know it." "As soon as I got to the water's edge, I knew the happiness of the fish, and I was happy with the fish.

　　It is recorded in "Zhuangzi • Foreign Things" that Zhuangzi's family was poor and had borrowed grain from the Marquis of Jianhe for emergency relief. Jian Hehou said: Wait. Soon I will have to collect taxes, and by then I will lend you three hundred gold, is that enough?" Zhuangzi knew that the Marquis of Jianhe was fooling himself, and angrily ridiculed and exposed. He loves to tell fables, and immediately told a story about a carp borrowing water to the marquis of Jianhe. Yesterday, on my way to borrow grain from you, there was a dried carp in the rut that was dying of death, and asked me for help: "How can you have the water of Dousheng and live me?" "I said yes." I will travel south to the king of Wuyue, and the water of the Xijiang River will be excited to welcome the son, but what? The carp was so angry that his face changed, and he said: I am out of the water, and I can't live, "I have to fight the water and live my ears." Jun Nai said this, it was better to ask me to be in the dry fish as soon as possible. Here, Zhuangzi not only criticizes the rich and unkind people who do not save them when they see death, but also expresses the attitude of noble people towards life: like the carp, "the water of the fighting ascension" can survive the body, and there is no luxury in material life. Its hobby of life is only to "communicate with the spirit of heaven and earth", to roam freely in the avenue, and to gallop at will.

The body and mind are happy

　　Happiness in poverty and high aspirations

　　Keeping the poor and happy, aiming high, and putting personality and character, spiritual freedom, and life at ease above all else, Zhuangzi was a maverick all his life, sticking to the supreme principle of living in the world.

　　In life, who has no ambition? Who doesn't want to be successful? The criteria for judging the will are naturally different. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, ordinary scholars were all determined to take a Chinese car, wear a noble crown, and be a high-ranking official. Zhuangzi despised this vulgar view of "dezhi". It is believed that "the so-called winner of the will is not the meaning of the crown, it is said that it is not beneficial to his enjoyment", and "the happiness is the will of the will". The true aspiration is to preserve the purity and simplicity of one's nature, to enjoy one's body and mind, and to be powerless to increase or decrease external objects. Houlu high-ranking officials are things outside the body, and if they are lost, they are sad; Although there is a momentary pleasure, the heart is empty and panicked, and there is no peace. "Xuan Mian is in the body, not life". Blindly crowning is to seek, "those who lose themselves in things and lose their sex in the world, they are called upside down people". Losing one's independent personality for the sake of materialism, becoming vulgar and abandoning one's simple nature is really putting the cart before the horse.

　　Zhuangzi's economic source mainly depends on the meager salary of the lacquer garden officials, a few bundles of cultivation with students, and weaving straw shoes to sell every three forks, so he often has no food and clothing, and it is common to break the cooking, and his clothes are particularly cold. Once I went to see the King of Wei, he was also "clothed and mended", wearing patched coarse cloth clothes, tied with hemp rope and broken shoes, which shocked King Wei couldn't believe his eyes - "Mr. He's tired?" "Sir, a celebrity, how can you be so embarrassed? Qing poverty and embarrassment to such a point, Zhuangzi still kept the way, "the world is praised without persuasion, the world is not depressed, the distinction between inside and outside, and the state of honor and disgrace", regarded high-ranking officials as rotten rats, and reprimanded Fengying as licking hemorrhoids.

　　Huizi became the prime minister of Liang, and Zhuangzi went to visit. A villain slandered Huizi: "Zhuangzi is here, and he wants to be the son of the son." Of course, Keiko couldn't let anyone replace him, so he immediately ordered Zhuangzi to be searched in the capital, and he made trouble for three days and three nights. Zhuangzi went to see Keiko and told him a story about the phoenix and the owl. There is a noble phoenix, flying from the South China Sea to the North Sea, along the way, "not only the sycamore, not the practice of not eating, not the spring of the drink". At this time, an owl caught a dead mouse, and when he saw the phoenix flying over, he thought that the phoenix was going to snatch its dead mouse, so he yelled at the phoenix: "Frightened! "Now, you also "want to 'scare' me with the Liang Kingdom of the Son"? In my eyes, the phase is like a rotting rat, I don't look down on it, Keiko, what are you afraid of?

　　There was a man named Cao Shang in the Song State who sent an envoy to the Qin State. When he went, he only had a few cars, and because he liked the king of Qin, the king of Qin rewarded him with a hundred cars at once. Cao Shang returned to the Song Kingdom with more than 100 cars, and he was so unhappy. As soon as he saw Zhuangzi, he said both ostentatiously and sarcastically: "In the poor alley, embarrassed and embarrassed." "Make my neck thin and my face yellow, I Cao Shang can't do this kind of thing: "One understands the master of ten thousand vehicles and follows the car hundred passengers, and the director of the business." Zhuangzi immediately retorted and exposed it: I heard that "the king of Qin called for a doctor when he was sick, and those who broke carbuncles and acne were given one ride, and those who licked hemorrhoids were given five rides, and the more cars were cured, the more cars they could get." How can the Son cure his hemorrhoids? Why are there so many cars? Son! "Hurry up and go away, you who lick hemorrhoids to beggars for glory, I look down on you!

　　Desire to be promising

　　The feelings of saving the world and saving the people

　　On the water, a rod in hand, together with the fish, "travel calmly", and the Tao is one, sit and enjoy the "heavenly happiness", this fishing obtained, what a wonderful artistic conception of life. But suddenly bumped into the appointment of a big country, and the scenery was ruined.

Of course, Zhuangzi categorically refused. However, this is by no means out of impulse, but out of Zhuangzi's conscious instinct for life and Zhuangzi's deep understanding of official career. The story of Zhuangzi's refusal to be the prime minister, "Historical Records: The Biography of Laozi Han Feilie" has been handed down in another version, which has made a more vivid and expressive account. The king of Chuzhuang heard that Zhuangzi was very virtuous, and sent a messenger to "welcome him with thick coins, and he thought it was a good match". Zhuangzi smiled and said to Chu Envoy: "A thousand gold, heavy profit; Prime minister, honorable position. Zi Du doesn't see the sacrificial cattle of the suburban sacrifice? The number of years old for nourishing food, the clothes are embroidered with text, and the temple is entered. In the end, he was slaughtered as a sacrifice, and at this time, not to mention continuing to be a noble cow, even if he wanted to be a poor little pig, "how could he get it"? "The son is gone, and I am not defiled. I'd rather be happy in the desecration of the game, not bound by the country, not for life, to be fast and ambitious. "Even if they are extremely poor and destitute, they are not willing to exchange their lives for the pleasure of life for temporary wealth and honor, and to make offerings to the political altar. This is the noble character and personality of Zhuangzi.

　　Many people think that Zhuangzi is a passive escapist from the world, and it is not difficult to find that Zhuangzi is actually a very active accession to the WTO, with a majestic and heroic spirit and heroic feelings to save the world and save the people. It's just that this essence is covered up by his cynical and wanton catharsis, his treacherous "gratuitous precipice words", and his "true hidden" and "big hidden" deeds who insist on refusing to phase and not cooperating with current politics.

And the fable of Ren Gongzi's giant hook fishing shows the true face of Zhuangzi's desire to be promising. What a spectacle it was, what a grandeur it was. It's really earth-shattering, terrifying. It's a bold and heartwarming read. The harvest of fishing is not enjoyed by oneself, but by the general public. What a heart and ambition this is. Mencius advocated that the ultimate goal of being a human being is to be an adult and a saint. Zhuangzi also advocated the same idea, and put forward a specific standard for sages and adults: "The sage encompasses the heavens and the earth, and Ze covers the world, but does not know who he is." It is an adult who is not born and is not a lord, who is not dead, who is not gathered, and whose name is not established. "Ren Gongzi fishing is the perfect practice of this standard.

　　Zhuangzi loves fish, loves to talk about fish, and pours out heroic feelings, and the first choice is naturally to borrow fish to play. In addition to Ren Gongzi's giant rod fishing for giant fish, the kunyu turned into Peng, vibrating for nine days, and it was particularly hearty. Open "Zhuangzi", the opening is: "There is a fish in the north of the underworld, and its name is Kun." The Kun is so big that I don't know how many thousands of miles it is. Turned into a bird, its name is Peng. Peng's back, I don't know how many thousands of miles it is. Flying in anger, its wings are like clouds hanging from the sky. "Its greatness is already astonishing; Its flight is also even more appalling - "the water hits three thousand miles, and the one who sways up is 90,000 miles", "carrying the blue sky", overlooking the earth, and flying is six months. Heaven and earth are colored, and the universe is magnificent. It is hard to imagine that a passive escapist can create such a broad artistic conception, magnificent imagery, momentum that stirs up the heart, and the strength that shocks the universe, becoming the most atmospheric and perfect symbol of the heroic spirit of the Chinese nation, and eternally inspiring the spirit and feelings of our nation.