Xiao Wang said with a little nervousness: "Teacher Xie, I am very interested in the theoretical system of the Tibetan Elephant Theory, but there is still some confusion in understanding. I know that TCM divides the internal organs of the human body into five internal organs, six internal organs and Qi Heng internal organs, but I am not clear enough about the morphological structure, physiological functions and interconnections of these internal organs. I would like to ask you about this in the hope of better understanding the core content of the Tibetan elephant theory. "
The five viscera, the six viscera and the qi heng viscera
Teacher Xie smiled and nodded, and said encouragingly: "Very good, Xiao Wang, Tibetan elephant theory is one of the core theories of Chinese medicine, which is very important for understanding the overall concept and clinical practice of Chinese medicine. Let me tell you more about it. "
Teacher Xie stood up, walked to a bookshelf, took out an ancient book, opened it, and began to explain to Xiao Wang the basic principle of the Tibetan Elephant Theory: "According to the physiological function characteristics of the internal organs and their morphological structure, traditional Chinese medicine divides the internal organs of the human body into three categories: the five internal organs, the six internal organs and the Qiheng internal organs. The theory of Tibetan elephants mainly uses the method of measuring and measuring "Tibet" with "elephants" to study the morphological structure, physiological functions, pathological changes and interrelationships of various organs of the human body. Visceral, ancient as a collection, refers to the viscera that reside in the body; Elephant refers to the functional activities and pathological changes of the viscera reflected in the various signs outside the body. It is a systematic theory of human physiology and pathology in traditional Chinese medicine, and it is also the core content of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine and the theoretical basis for syndrome differentiation and treatment in various clinical departments. "
Xiao Wang listened intently, nodding from time to time. Seeing this, Mr. Xie continued: "The formation of the Tibetan elephant theory is marked by the completion of the Neijing, and the doctors of the past dynasties have continuously supplemented and developed. It emphasizes the connection between the internal function of the viscera and its external manifestation. ”
Specifically, the Tibetan elephant theory refers to the theory of the viscera in traditional Chinese medicine. According to the observation and understanding of ancient Chinese medicine, except for the abdominal cut and the autopsy, in most cases, we observe without disrupting the normal life activities of the human body. We place human beings in natural time and space, and explore the laws of human life activities as a whole through the observation of the whole and dynamics of living organisms. ”
Mr. Xie's eyes were gentle and focused, and his fingers gently turned the pages of the book, and he continued to explain: "Through the counter-evidence or reversal of pathological or clinical efficacy, TCM objectively recognizes the complex connections between man and nature, physiology and consciousness, matter and function, and various viscera. The physiological and pathological information obtained from the living, holistic and systemic connections has formed a unique understanding system of viscera. ”
The liver stores blood and regulates blood volume throughout the body
Xiao Wang asked again: "Mr. Xie, the liver plays an important role in traditional Chinese medicine, and I hope to have a deeper understanding of its function and performance." "
Teacher Xie smiled and nodded, his eyes revealing encouragement and expectation.
"Xiao Wang, your learning attitude has always been very good, and I am very happy to see that you are so enthusiastic about Chinese medicine. The liver is a very important organ in TCM, and it has multiple functions. First, the liver stores blood and regulates blood volume throughout the body. When we work or work, blood is transported to various organs throughout the body, and the amount of blood discharged from the organs increases. When resting and sleeping, the body's demand for blood is relatively reduced, and the excess blood is returned to the liver for storage. In this way, the liver not only nourishes and moistens the whole body, meeting the activity needs of various parts, but also nourishes the liver itself. If the liver's blood reserve is insufficient, symptoms such as dizziness, muscle and pulse tightness, numbness in the limbs, disturbed sleep, insomnia, dreaminess, and panic will occur. "
Xiao Wang listened intently and carefully recorded every word of Teacher Xie.
The liver is also responsible for the muscles and veins, and its brilliance lies in the claws
"In addition, the liver is also responsible for the tendons and veins, and its splendor lies in the claws. The tendons play the role of connecting the joints of the limbs and supervising the movement of the joints of the limbs. The rise and fall of liver blood directly affects the movement of tendons. If the blood in the liver is insufficient, the tendons will lose their nourishment, and the blood will not be able to maintain the tendons and veins, which will lead to inflexible limb movements, numbness of the limbs, and even symptoms such as tendon and vein tightness, spasms, tremors or impotence. The claw is the exposed part of the tendon, and the blood rise and fall of the liver can be reflected in the changes in the claw nail. When the liver blood is sufficient, the claw nails are tough and ruddy, and shiny. When the liver blood is insufficient, the claw armor will become thinner and weaker, the color will also become lighter, and even deformation and brittleness may occur. "
Xiao Wang looked at Teacher Xie intently, as if a special tacit understanding had been established between them.
"In addition, the liver opens up to the eye. The Yin and Liver meridians are connected to the eyes, and the state of the liver will affect our vision. When liver blood and liver yin are insufficient, it can lead to dry eyes, weakened vision or unclear vision, and even night blindness. If the liver fire is too high, there will be eye redness, swelling and pain, photophobia or puffiness; Hyperactivity of the liver yang will cause swelling and dizziness in the head; When the heat is extremely windy, there may also be symptoms such as upward vision and poor eye movement when the liver wind moves internally. "
Xiao Wang was fascinated by what he heard, and he gradually realized that there was a close relationship between the liver and menstruation.
Finally, the liver is also closely related to menstruation. If the liver's blood reserve is insufficient, it can lead to delayed, lighter, lighter menstruation, and even stopped menstruation. If the liver does not store blood, it may lead to heavy menstrual bleeding and even leakage. If the liver loses its excretion function and the liver qi is stagnant, menstruation may be delayed and sluggish, accompanied by symptoms such as dysmenorrhea. Excessive excretion may lead to problems such as early menstruation and heavy menstruation. "
Xiao Wang nodded excitedly, he felt that he had a deeper understanding of the liver. He looked at Teacher Xie gratefully, and Teacher Xie's demeanor was gentle and satisfied, as if he had seen Xiao Wang's progress.
"Thank you, Mr. Xie! Your explanation was very clear and gave me a deeper understanding of the function of the liver. The importance of the liver lies in the fact that it not only stores blood and regulates the blood volume of the whole body, but also manages the muscles and veins, opens the eyes and minds, and is closely related to menstruation. I will continue to work hard to apply this knowledge to help patients. "
Xiao Wang asked again: "Teacher Xie, can you tell me about the relationship between liver and emotions in traditional Chinese medicine?" "
Teacher Xie nodded, frowned slightly and thought for a while. Then he began to explain: "The liver is located in the right flank and extends from the armpit to the end of the ribs. The liver and gallbladder are on the outside, and their meridians and gallbladder are on the outside. The main functions of the liver include the main discharge, the channeling of emotions, the spleen and stomach qi, the channeling of water channels, the regulation of qi and blood, and the secretion and excretion of bile. "
Mr. Xie's tone was calm and clear, and he continued to explain: "First of all, the main role of the liver is to dredge and vent, which is the meaning of relaxation. The liver has the physiological function of accessing qi and venting stagnation. The liver is normal, the body's qi and blood are harmonized, and the mood is peaceful. However, if the liver is not excreted properly, the mood will be abnormal, causing disease. "
Xiao Wang stared closely into Mr. Xie's eyes, trying to understand every word. He picked up his pen and began to take notes earnestly.
Seeing this, Teacher Xie smiled slightly and continued to explain: "Secondly, the liver's dredging of the spleen and stomach qi can regulate the qi and assist the normal operation of the spleen and stomach function. When the liver qi is uncomfortable, in addition to the symptoms of liver qi stagnation such as chest and flank fullness and depression, it will also lead to symptoms of spleen and stomach dysfunction such as reduced diet, stomach and abdominal distension, and diarrhea. "
Xiao Wang continued to record intently, his brow furrowed slightly, as if trying to make sense of these complex concepts.
Seeing Xiao Wang's efforts, Teacher Xie smiled and encouraged: "Very good, Xiao Wang, you are very enthusiastic about learning." Read on. "
Under normal physiological conditions, the amount of blood in each part of the human body is relatively constant. However, the amount of blood in each part of the human body often changes according to different physiological conditions. When the body is active or emotionally excited, the blood demand of all parts of the human body increases accordingly, so the blood stored in the liver is transfused to the periphery of the body for the needs of the body's activities. When people are resting quietly and emotionally stable, due to the decrease in the activity of all parts of the body, the blood demand for the body's periphery is also reduced, and part of the blood is stored in the liver. The so-called "when people move, the blood flows to the scriptures, and when people are quiet, the blood returns to the liver". Because the liver has the function of storing blood and regulating blood volume, the liver is known as the "sea of blood".
Xiao Wang nodded and continued to listen.
Teacher Xie continued to explain: "The liver can also dredge the three cokes and channel the waterways. The excretory function of the liver plays a role in promoting the regulation of the three-focal waterway. If the liver is not excreted properly and the qi is not smooth, there will be lesions such as unfavorable urination, edema, ascites and other symptoms. On the contrary, if the liver is excreted too much, there will be frequent urination, excessive urination, or diarrhea. "
Xiao Wang raised his head, and a look of realization appeared on his face. He said with emotion: "It turns out that the liver plays such an important role in the regulation and balance of the body. It is not only related to emotions, but also closely related to the function of many organs. "
Teacher Xie smiled and nodded, and continued to explain to Xiao Wang: "Finally, the liver can also regulate the flow of qi and blood to ensure the normal circulation of blood. If the liver's excretion function is abnormal and the qi is stagnant, it will lead to qi stagnation and blood stasis, showing symptoms such as chest and flank tingling, menstrual irregularities, and dysmenorrhea. If the liver is excreted too much, the blood will be reversed with the qi, which will cause symptoms such as hematemesis and bleeding. In addition, the liver is responsible for the secretion and excretion of bile. When the liver loses its excretory function, the secretion and excretion of bile will be abnormal, causing symptoms such as jaundice, flank pain, abdominal distention, and loss of appetite. "
Liver stagnation is liver qi stagnation or liver qi stagnation
Xiao Wang asked again: "Teacher Xie, how to correctly understand liver depression and depression?" “
Teacher Xie smiled and said, "'Liver stagnation' is the abbreviation of a series of diseases manifested by 'liver qi stagnation' or 'liver qi stagnation' in traditional Chinese medicine.
Teacher Xie smiled slightly, raised his glasses, and said in a rigorous and cordial tone: "Liver depression and depression are related and different. The so-called depression has the taboo of stagnation and incomprehension, the evil of the six lewdness externally, and the disease of internal injury and emotional will can be depressed. The content of 'Yu' is relatively extensive. The medical scholars of the past dynasties have discussed the depression syndrome in detail, and some have established it from the theory of luck, such as the five depressions of gold, wood, water, fire, and earth in the "Neijing". Zhu Danxi and Dai Sigong are divided into six categories according to the cause, namely qi depression, heat depression, damp depression, phlegm depression, blood depression, and food depression. "