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Text: Liar
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All the content stated in this article is repeated at the end of the article by reliable information sources, but in order to improve the readability of the article, the details may be polished, please read sensibly, for reference only!
Pairs are an art form that people love to see in Han culture, whether they are literati or ordinary people.
After generations of literati and writers have been tempered, a complete set of norms and exquisiteness has been formed. Throughout the ages, in the long river of history, there are definitely a lot of eternals that have survived.
In the Ming Dynasty, there was such a couplet, the upper and lower couplets are exactly the same, known as the "laziest" couplet, but no one expected that it was such an "opportunistic" work, but it was regarded as an absolute through the ages, and it has been passed down to this day......
Outsiders who are "under the fence".
The person who made this "lazy couplet" was named Xu Wei, who was a famous genius in the Ming Dynasty, with more than a dozen numbers such as Tianchi Mountain People, Qingteng Monks, Jin Huishan People, and Department Tian Shuiyue.
In the sixteenth year of Zhengde, Xu Wei was born in today's Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and his family was a well-known wealthy family at that time, but because Xu Wei was the son of a concubine, his status in the family was not high.
In addition, in the year he was born, his father was very old, a generation of wealthy families gradually declined, and his biological mother had no place in the family, so since he was a child, Xu Wei was raised by his mother-in-law Miao.
In ancient times, the son of a concubine was rarely treated by his mother. When Xu Wei was a child, he never knew what parental affection was. When he was 14 years old, his mother-in-law, Miao, died of illness.
Xu Wei's only relatives in the world are two brothers who are more than 30 years older than him, because the age gap is really huge, and their brothers rarely see each other on weekdays, so there is no so-called brotherhood.
Therefore, after the death of his mother-in-law, Xu Wei was in the Xu family, more like an outsider "under the fence". In such an environment, Xu Wei's personality is becoming more and more withdrawn, and his melancholy can only be vented through the pen in his hand.
Because of his talent and intelligence, and he often writes, his works are always praised again and again, and he is known as a talented prodigy. The praise of the people around him gave Xu Wei the confidence to go out of the house and make friends.
His literary style is very good, many people are admired, with him from the poetry and poetry to the philosophy of life, when the weather is clear, Xu Wei will also walk into the mountain stream with his three or two friends, feel the vastness of the world, enjoy the breeze and green shade.
In close contact with nature, Xu Wei's thoughts can always be sublimated, all bad moods can be cured, and the articles he writes are getting better and better.
Everyone thinks that he will definitely make great achievements in the future. Although his words are good, his actions are not in the way of the imperial examination.
"Polygon Warrior"
"Someone has been cold for ten years and no one asks, and once he becomes famous, the world knows."
The story of Fan Jinzhongju is a tragedy in the feudal era. To a certain extent, the imperial examination system can indeed select talents for the imperial court, but it is undeniable that there are still many talented people who have repeatedly failed to make the list, and Xu Wei is one of them.
As a person with real talent and learning, he was admitted to Xiucai at a young age, but because of his status as a concubine, he has not been taken seriously.
When he first became a showman, it happened that a family surnamed Pan was looking for a husband for his daughter, and Xu Wei was selected. However, because he was a concubine, his parents were all dead, so the other party asked him to be his son-in-law.
The Xu family was in the middle of the road, and Xu Wei's brother needed funds at that time, and when he saw the rich gift list sent by the Pan family, he was very willing to give up this young brother who had no feelings.
In this way, the twenty-one-year-old Xu Wei, under the arrangement of his brother Xu Huai, joined the Pan family.
After becoming a son-in-law, Xu Wei's life was not comfortable. He has been praised by everyone since he was a child, and he is naturally arrogant, so after starting a family, he hopes to continue to gain fame and improve his family status.
However, no one expected that when he was a son-in-law in the Pan family, he failed to pass the exam three times in a row, and at the age of twenty-six, his wife Pan died of illness, and he left the Pan family.
In the nearly twenty years that followed, he was defeated and defeated repeatedly, but he never succeeded. And the reason for his failure may not be that he is not talented, but that he offended the ministers.
In the twenty-ninth year of Jiajing, Xu Wei wrote "Today's Song" and other works, in which the article combined with the burning and looting of Beijing by the Mongolian leaders at that time, and reprimanded Yan Song, the head of the dynasty, for misleading the country.
A small talent who dares to write an article to scold the prime minister of the dynasty is tantamount to "self-destruction", so Xu Wei's road to the imperial examination was blocked.
However, it is worth mentioning that among the three great talents of the Ming Dynasty, Xu Wei's talents can be described as diverse. In today's parlance, he's a "hexagonal warrior."
Not only is he well written, he learned the piano at the age of 14 and the sword at the age of 15, but he is also quite accomplished in calligraphy and painting.
In terms of calligraphy, he is good at writing majestic wild grass, in the dull Ming Dynasty calligraphy, has become a clear stream, and his calligraphy has led Ming Dynasty calligraphy to a new peak.
In terms of painting, he is good at freehand ink painting of flowers and birds, whether it is flowers or flowers and birds. In his paintings, he integrated his own calligraphy skills and was collected by countless people.
Zheng Banqiao, a calligrapher and painter in the Qing Dynasty, once called himself his "lackey", and the modern painter Qi Baishi also regarded him as his "idol".
Xu Wei was also the first expert in the mainland to organize the southern opera of the Song and Ming dynasties, and he also made achievements in Fang Zhixue, and wrote Wanli's "Huiji County Chronicles".
In addition, because Zhu Yuanzhang implemented a sea ban after ascending the throne, during the Ming Dynasty, there were often Japanese robbers. For this reason, in addition to writing and painting, Xu Wei often studied the art of war.
Because he participated in many battles to stop the Japanese invaders, he ushered in the most glorious moment of his life - entering the office.
The most glorious five years
said that he was a member of the office, but in fact he just became a staff member of the court officials.
In the thirty-seventh year of Jiajing, not long after Xu Wei's failure in the eighth township test, he received an invitation from Hu Zongxian.
At that time, Hu Zongxian had just been promoted to become the governor of Zhejiang and Fujian, and because he knew that Xu Wei was very experienced in stopping the Japanese invaders, he invited him to assist him.
It stands to reason that at that time, being able to become Hu Zongxian's staff had a bright future. But Xu Wei was still very hesitant, because Hu Zongxian's identity was a little embarrassing.
On the one hand, in terms of resisting the Japanese invaders, Hu Zongxian is indeed brave and strategic, dedicated to the people, and is a good boss, but he is attached to Yan Song.
As mentioned above, a large part of the reason why Xu Wei failed the eight scientific examinations was Yan Song's obstruction. Therefore, at the beginning, Xu Wei refused Hu Zongxian's invitation.
But Hu Zongxian was very persistent, Xu Wei didn't come, so he urged and invited him three times, because of his sincere attitude and unremitting efforts, Xu Wei finally became his staff.
I have to say that to be invited by Hu Zongxian many times, Xu Wei has some real skills.
Under his planning, Hu Zongxian won many battles, not only captured the leader of the Japanese pirates, but also recruited local pirates, and the people in the southeast were finally protected from the invasion of the Japanese pirates.
However, no one expected that Hu Zongxian, whose career should be thriving, was affected by the court struggle. After the fall of Yan Song, he was dismissed, and Xu Wei, as his staff, had no support, so he could only say goodbye to the governor's palace and go home.
In the forty-fourth year of Jiajing, Hu Zongxian, who had escaped and was only dismissed, was arrested again and died in prison not long after. And many of his former staff members were also implicated and died.
After Xu Wei learned of this, he was very saddened by Hu Zongxian's death, and at the same time, his spirit began to be highly tense, and he was always afraid that he would be affected. In the midst of endless worry, his psychological defenses were finally broken, his nerves began to go out of his way, and he suffered from depression.
He fell into a deep depression, and his spirit was almost crazy. He wrote an epitaph for himself, and then pulled out the iron nails nailed to the pilasters and inserted them into his ears, but fortunately he was rescued in time and finally recovered after three months in bed.
However, after he recovered, he did not have any happiness of immortality, but felt that being alive was a torture, and continued to look for opportunities to commit suicide, repeatedly, committing suicide as many as nine times.
Because of his abnormal mental state, he often doubts the people around him.
His third wife, Zhang, was murdered because she suspected "infidelity", and Xu Wei was also convicted and imprisoned.
In the dark prison, Xu Wei, who suffers from mental illness, spent seven years. During this period, he was only allowed to be released from prison for a short period of time due to the death of his biological mother.
If it weren't for the amnesty granted to the world by Emperor Wanli after he ascended the throne, his friend Zhang Tianfu and others dredged up the relationship for him, I am afraid it would be difficult to obtain pardon.
After seven years of prison life, almost all his edges and corners were smoothed, and after he was released from prison, he participated in the compilation of the "Huiji County Chronicles" presided over by his friend Zhang Yuanxi, and was responsible for writing and compiling.
On weekdays, I draw some flowers and plants. In his later years, he could only survive by selling calligraphy and paintings, but as he got older, his physical condition deteriorated.
In the fourteenth year of Wanli, the house where Xu Wei lived collapsed due to wind and snow, and the second son connected it to his home. In order to motivate future generations to study diligently, he left a pair of eternal absolutes:
"Good reading is not good reading, good reading is not good reading."
This pair, the upper and lower links are not bad at all, so Xu Wei's son has never understood his father's intentions. Do you know how to pronounce this pair?
epilogue
Throughout Xu Wei's life, the glorious moment was only in the five years when Hu Zongxian enjoyed the treatment of guests in the shogunate, however, the five years of enjoyment also caused him to suffer from depression later.
"Failed the eight exams, died nine times and lived, seven years in prison, and a lifetime of failure", Xu Wei, who was always depressed, lived a life of ups and downs. But instead of drowning in pain, he faced his fate head-on and struggled.
His life is regrettable and respectful!
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