"The child born first does not grow up, the sun shines on him, he is short, and the child born later is small, but when the days are long, he will grow up.
A short child is relatively small, so the sun is close to him, and the child born first is obviously good, how can he be short?"
These two children talked about Confucius in this way.
Lead
At that time, Confucius was about to go to study in the state of Qi, one of the princes of the Warring States, and on the way he met these two children discussing "who is closer to the sun in the morning and evening".
However, there is a certain gap between this childhood perception and reality.
This has led many people to ask similar questions: "Is it true that when Mercury is so close to the Sun, the Sun must be very large?"
1. What Confucius considered to be a wrong idea.
Returning to the two children Confucius met, they respectively believed that children born early would be tanned and shorter, and that children born later would be thinner and weaker, but they would grow taller as "the days go older".
However, both theories have a fatal problem, that is, the constitution of the child is the same no matter what time it is born.
Confucius told the two children: "This is actually because the children born later have more of a simple atmosphere of folk customs, so they grow taller."
In fact, in science, if we also want to use Confucius's way of thinking to make inferences, then we must first find a universal law.
If a child born later is more likely to grow up, then we can assume that a child born late, regardless of his age, can be very tall.
This raises the question: "If a child born late is very tall when he reaches the age of twelve or thirteen, or even twenty years old, then if he grows to a hundred years old, won't he have to grow to tens of meters?"
But in real life, there is no such situation, although some children are born later, but the height is not very taller than children of the same age.
Therefore, this kind of thinking of ours is also extremely unscientific, and we will discuss it in conjunction with this issue below.
2. The sun does not change its distance over time.
And if you follow the idea of these two children, then a strange circle will be formed between the two of them.
For example, it is now the morning when the sun has just risen, then there will be two possibilities at this moment: the first is that the sun is about to rise, then according to the little boy's point of view, the one who is closer to the sun at the moment is the child who plays late, then the child born early will be far away from the sun, and the child will grow very fast and tall at this moment, thus becoming healthier;
According to the girl's point of view, the opposite will happen, and then at the moment the two children will have a dispute because of each other's appearance.
So if the sun rises to noon, then it is still the same reasoning of the two children.
So this reasoning leads to a very important inference: "The distance from the sun to the earth changes over time."
However, the child who was dumped by Confucius was not as good as being thought by Confucius to distinguish between right and wrong.
They believe that the sun is closer to the tanning spot, which leads to tanning.
In fact, there was no problem with this child's view, but it was only modified by what Confucius thought was wrong thinking.
So which kid is right? We can answer this question by an example of Confucius who embellished himself with the question:
"At the same point in time, the first piece of paper to be exposed to light will be scorched and thus closer to the light."
So is the distance from the sun to the earth really at the same point in time?
In fact, we can solve the problem by gravitation, one of the laws of omnipotence.
Through hundreds of years of observation of the sun, people have concluded that the sun is roughly in the center of the solar system, and the earth and other planets revolve around the sun.
However, the distance from the Sun to the Earth is constantly changing.
In the process of studying the universe, they have come to the following conclusions through this change:
"The distance from the sun to the earth is constantly changing, from 14.7 billion kilometers to 15.2 billion kilometers, a difference of 50 million kilometers."
So back to the question raised by Confucius, does "tanning" have to be close to the sun?
But we still can't prove that "tanning" is caused by proximity to the sun. ”
3. Mercury is closest to the Sun.
Through the law of gravitation, we know that the actual Mercury is closer to the tanned distance.
It is also the closest planet to the Sun in the entire solar system, so Mercury will also be more likely to be more tanned.
Confucius's argument that "tanning" must be close to the sun can be overturned, although the arguments of the two children are wrong, but the arguments of the two children are worth affirming that the two children think from different angles, so Confucius should point out the reason why the two children think from the wrong angle.
4. Will Mercury be big when you see the Sun?
So if Mercury is so close to the Sun, will the Sun seen from Mercury be very large?
In fact, the Sun seen by Mercury is very large, 2.58 times larger than the Sun seen from Earth.
If there were planets that were a little bigger, then they would see a bigger Sun as well.
In Mercury's view, the apparent diameter of the Sun changes, so Mercury will have perihelion and aphelion.
The apparent diameter is the distance from the top edge of the sun to the bottom edge, so we can calculate the apparent diameter of the sun by observing the apparent diameter of the sun.
The apparent diameter of the Sun would be 1.759 arc seconds from the distance of Mercury, while the apparent diameter of the Sun from Earth would be 3.28 arc seconds.
Therefore, the apparent diameter of the Sun as seen from the Earth is larger than that seen by Mercury, so we will not perceive the changes in the Sun.
When the Sun is at the aphelion of Mercury, the Sun seen at this moment is 3.26 arc seconds, which is larger than what the Earth sees, so this is also the Sun that Confucius imagined to see is very large, but it is difficult for people to feel the apparent diameter of the Sun.
And depending on the position of the sun, people feel different temperatures.
The daytime temperature of Mercury can be very high, because Mercury is so close to the Sun, so the surface of Mercury is very hot, reaching a maximum of 427°C.
Fifth, it is a big oven during the day.
Not only that, Mercury absorbs sunlight like the Earth, and Mercury absorbs a lot of sunlight, and on the side that touches the Sun, the temperature of the mountain peaks is similar to that of the Moon, and it has a volcanic stove.
This volcanic activity can make a big difference in the astronomical environment of the solar system.
The extreme heat around the mountain peaks in the world is called the "melting pot".
At night, the night sky is not protected by the atmosphere, so it is very low at -180°C
So there will also be flowing lava on Mercury, as well as icebergs.
On Mercury there is no atmosphere, so protection cannot be generated, and at the aphelion of Mercury, the place on this side is very far from the Sun, so on this side, despite the daylight, the temperature is very low, probably -170 ° C.
And Mercury's orbital period and rotation period are the same, so it is difficult for people to detect this side of Mercury, but Mercury is also a relatively thin atmosphere, and it is difficult for people to detect.
epilogue
Mercury is so close to the Sun that it is called the "blazing oven of the solar system", which allows for a better study of the Sun's surface and activity.
So from another point of view, human beings should be attracted to this side and be curious.
People should also be like Confucius, if the two children behave, play their strengths, and help them to make better progress.