Source: Ash Desulfurization and Denitrification Technology Alliance
How to improve the quality and efficiency of power plant personnel monitoring?
First, the importance of supervision
Monitoring is the abbreviation of real-time monitoring, data analysis, operation adjustment and accident handling of process parameters in the power plant operation system by the personnel on duty in the power plant operation through the DCS screen.
Supervisor is the direct guardian of the stable operation of the equipment and shoulders the important responsibility of the safety of the power plant.
Efficient monitoring by operators can obtain data at the first time, find anomalies, and make optimization adjustments to avoid the occurrence or expansion of accidents.
Second, how to do a good job of supervision
1. Have a solid professional and technical foundation
(1) Must be proficient in operation procedures, safety regulations and scheduling procedures (chief and deputy chief).
Because these procedures are the basis for the successful completion of the job. For supervisors, safety regulations run through all aspects of the work: start-stop equipment operation, reverse gate operation and accident handling all need to strictly implement safety regulations. The operation procedures specifically specify the technical requirements, operation regulations and precautions of the equipment system, and the operation procedures are most closely combined with the actual equipment, which is the premise and basis of the operation operation. The scheduling procedure is directly related to the safe and stable operation of the company's equipment system and grid-connected equipment system, and is the highest agreement for scheduling work such as operation mode (including abnormal operation mode), load reception and accident handling.
(2) Be familiar with the actual equipment and system process, especially the interconnection between each equipment.
The operation duty personnel must be very familiar with the process of equipment and system; It is necessary to be familiar with the status of the equipment in the operating system (which equipment is standby, which equipment is running, which equipment is maintenance, which valves should be opened, and which should be closed). Keep abreast of the latest equipment changes, and have a good idea of the modified equipment parameters, system diagrams and logic diagrams.
(3) The parameters and limits of the equipment in the operating system must be clear, and have the awareness and ability to quickly analyze and judge.
When the operator monitors the disk, only alarm signals and parameters are received, and the significance of these signals and parameters can only be determined after analysis. For each process in the operation system and each operating equipment, the rating, allowable value, alarm value and dangerous shutdown value of the key monitoring parameters must be clear in mind and compared with the current actual value. In the monitoring of the inventory, it is necessary to attach great importance to the timeliness, especially when the accident occurs. Only by making accurate analysis and judgment at the first time can we carry out correct treatment, isolate faulty equipment in time and restore normal equipment operation, so as to avoid the expansion of accidents.
(4) Develop good monitoring and operation habits.
In the process of running the monitoring, the supervisors should abide by the "four services" regulations (i.e., inspection, contact, adjustment and analysis), switch each process screen in a timely manner, and understand the parameter changes of each screen in time; Carefully copy the parameter report, conduct a comprehensive combing of the important parameters of the system, and compare them with the parameters of the previous meter reading point, so as to find the problems and abnormalities in the operation process; In the process of operation, we should follow the adjustment principle of "slight change and small adjustment, can be cast automatically without manual, track abnormal cut manually, and jump parameters to find thermal control", and track and evaluate the operation results after operation (the correlation between the adjustment effect and the adjustment means, the advance or hysteresis of the change in the adjusted amount relative to the adjustment operation in the adjustment process, etc.), and make corrections in time, so as to optimize the adjustment measures, improve the adjustment effect, and improve the safety and economy of equipment operation.
Remember to avoid and eradicate: operate blindly without knowing the purpose; Bad habits of interdisciplinary operation of unfamiliar and unfamiliar equipment.
(5) Pay attention to succession work and pre-shift planning
When the operator takes over, it is necessary to know the operation mode of the equipment; the availability of equipment and safety measures in place; Be clear about the values and the instructions, orders and tasks assigned by the profession and department; Be clear about the work to be carried out in the class; Understand the situation of equipment defects, and anticipate accidents for defects that affect the safe and economical operation of equipment. In this way, the mind can be in a state of readiness, which is conducive to proactive accident prevention.
(6) Develop the habit of classified supervision and management of operating parameters
In normal operation, it is necessary to clarify which parameters in the process are key monitoring parameters, which parameters are frequently changing, which parameters are abnormal parameters, and which parameters are highly interrelated. Make a trend group for these parameters, set a reasonable range, put them on a screen, and if they change, they can be reflected from the curve in time, which provides an opportunity for timely detection of abnormalities and adjustment processing.
(7) Develop the habit of checking the alarm in time
When the alarm screen flashes in the system, it is necessary to enter the corresponding process system according to the alarm content in time to compare the parameters, query the real-time historical curve, find out the cause of the alarm, adjust and eliminate or contact relevant professionals to eliminate, and confirm the alarm in time to avoid the new alarm being not found in time. For the process alarm, optical plate alarm, SOE event alarm, equipment log, and operation log in the DCS, it is necessary to develop the habit of regularly checking, confirming and eliminating it to avoid judgment errors.
2. Supervisors should be good at communicating with people to facilitate teamwork
In the work of supervision, the supervisors should not only carefully monitor the equipment, but also report the relevant situation up and down in a timely manner, which requires the supervisors to have good communication and cooperation skills. Reporting upwards and communicating downwards should be rapid, accurate, and concise so that the relevant personnel can understand the situation to the greatest extent. In the process of dealing with the accident, the supervisor should do his best to do a good job of coordination and coordination, although the staff of each position perform their duties, but their respective work is interconnected and closely coordinated, and any mistake will affect the handling of the accident. Therefore, good communication and tacit cooperation between each other is the guarantee for the safe operation of the power plant and the orderly operation of the power grid.
3. Be active and responsible, not lucky, and unremitting
As a key part of the operation work, the supervisors must work with a positive attitude and take on the important responsibilities of the supervisors. If the supervisor has a fluke mentality, thinking that the equipment will not be abnormal during his shift, he will relax his vigilance, slack his thoughts, and not enough preparation for dealing with emergencies, resulting in a blank when the signal arrives, and he is in a hurry when the accident occurs, and he can not deal with the accident in a timely and correct manner to eliminate hidden dangers, resulting in serious consequences. Therefore, we must resolutely put an end to the negative and fluke work attitude and the ideological mood of slackness.
As a member of the power industry, supervisors should establish a sense of ownership, take the central control room as their home, and take the power generation equipment as their friend. It is necessary to pay close attention to each piece of equipment, do not let go of any details, and do the "three nos" of monitoring, that is, do not nap, do not leave the post, and do not mess with the equipment.
4. Combine work and rest to keep energetic
"Ru Guo wants to learn poetry, kung fu outside the poem" is a sentence in a poem written by Lu You, a great poet of the Song Dynasty in the Song Dynasty, a year before his death, when he taught one of his sons the experience of writing poetry, and it is also applicable to our power plant supervisors, if you want to do a good job within 8 hours, you must prepare in advance outside 8 hours: supervisors generally need to work in shifts, and their work and rest time are contrary to the routine, and after working for a long time, they are prone to psychological and physical fatigue, so that they are depressed, slow in thinking, and difficult to concentrate. It is bound to be ineffective, and it is easy to make mistakes and even cause serious accidents in the work. Therefore, the supervisors must reasonably arrange their work and rest time, devote themselves to work in an energetic state, and truly achieve the "four to" of the supervisor, that is, the people, the eyes, the ears and the heart.