Root-related microbial communities affect crop health and productivity. Plants can selectively recruit beneficial microorganisms from the soil and actively balance microbe-induced plant growth and stress resistance enhancement. Quantitative microbiome profiling (QMP) has been used as a means to estimate changes in the specific microbial load of the rhizosphere microbiome. Data from QMP methods can be more closely related to plant development and/or function.
近日，南京师范大学生命科学学院戴传超团队和华南农业大学王孝林团队在aBIOTECH上发表评述文章“Decoding the microbiome for sustainable agriculture”，指出利用定量微生物组分析（QMP）以解码微生物组促进可持续农业的可行性。 该评述文章点评了王二涛团队发表在Nature Communications的最新研究成果（Dynamic root microbiome sustains soybean productivity under unbalanced fertilization）——使用QMP量化了大豆根际微生物组在不平衡施肥条件下的动态过程，并提供了利用特定合成群落（SynComs）维持作物生产力的证据。
This review points out that the design of SynComs based on QMP dataset can open up new perspectives and prospects for plants to cope with the challenges of multiple environmental stresses. 1. Rhizosphere inoculation is essential to further enhance plant growth. The temporal dynamics of specific microbial loads obtained by QMP may provide reliable guidance for optimizing inoculum rates at different plant developmental stages. 2. Integrating multi-omics techniques is another promising approach to elucidate plant phenotype-plant microbiome interactions in environmental regulation. Therefore, QMP is further combined with phytomics (e.g., digital RNA sequencing, quantitative proteomics, quantitative metabolomics and field phenomics) to integrate quantitative information on microbial assembly, plant genetic, physiological and phenotypic changes, and accelerate the process of decoding the microbiome for crop breeding. In addition, the article raises another urgent question that needs to be addressed: how to obtain the microbiome for sustainable production, as the beneficial microbes of modern crops are influenced by agricultural practices, including fertilization and irrigation. Scientists have proposed that rewilding plant microbiome may be a way to obtain functional microorganisms. In the future, rewilding the microbiome of crops under multiple environmental stresses may become an important way to develop sustainable agroecology. By quantifying the dynamics of these microbiomes and identifying core microbial taxa, it is ultimately possible to establish a stress-tolerant "microbial repository" (Figure 1). These efforts will not only broaden our understanding of microbial inoculants, but will also provide a promising strategy for changing agricultural production patterns in response to global climate change.
Fig. 1 Decoding the framework of the sustainable agriculture microbiome
Sun Kai, a young teacher from the School of Biological Sciences of Nanjing Normal University, is the first author of the paper, and Associate Professor Zhang Wei participated in the writing and revision of the paper. Professor Dai Chuanchao from the School of Biological Sciences of Nanjing Normal University and Professor Wang Xiaolin from South China Agricultural University are the co-corresponding authors of the paper. We would like to express our heartfelt thanks to Associate Professor Xie Xian'an from the College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture of South China Agricultural University and Associate Researcher Zhou Jiayu from the Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences for their advice and help in the writing process.
引用本文：Sun, K., Zhang, W., Wang, X. et al. Decoding the microbiome for sustainable agriculture. aBIOTECH (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42994-024-00162-8
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