The change of generals has always been regarded as a taboo in China's military history, so you will find that most of the situations that occur in the history of Chinese warfare do not end well.
For example, during the Warring States Period, Le Yi captured more than 70 cities in Qi in a row, but because of the suspicion of King Yan Hui, he replaced Le Yi and finally failed miserably;
Another example is the Battle of Changping, Zhao Kuo changed to Lian Po, and the 400,000 army was wiped out. It stands to reason that such a heavy price should be learned, but Zhao Guo scored twice, replaced Li Mu, and was finally bulldozed by Wang Qian.
Taking history as a mirror, this is all the experience of using people.
But the United States does not have such a history, and there is nothing to learn from, so in the Korean battlefield, they changed generals one after another, no, it was a change of commander.
From the law of development of historical things, in fact, the instructor could have guessed the ending a long time ago, so he proudly said: Fight as long as you want!
Mr. Peng on the front line is also a soldier who will block the water and cover the earth, and the 13 generals of the US Army will be defeated, and finally the road of the marshal and the military god will be achieved!
Why do you say that the U.S. military has 13 general stars?
They are five-star General MacArthur, four-star General Ridgway, and four-star General Clark.
Plus U.S. Army General Van Vliet, there is one here, and the harder the fight, the worse the end!
Let's go through them one by one.
01
Mai Ge was the most insulted, he was born in a famous family, he was still a scholar, he soared all the way after joining the army, and was promoted to the principal of West Point Military Academy at the age of 39.
With the support of a powerful and beautiful country, the Inchon landing reversed the tide of the war in one fell swoop and beat the Korean People's Army to the ground. Under the propaganda of a large number of media rainbow farts, he immediately vowed that if China sent troops, I would let them suffer the largest massacre in human history!
As a result, Mr. Peng entered the DPRK and annihilated 15,000 enemies, giving Brother Mai a blow to the head;
Brother Mai was caught off guard by this slap with a stick, how could I be insulted by this (the problem is that I don't know that it was beaten by the volunteers...... Manual dog head)?
In November 1950, Mai Ge led the army to the Yalu River and said to his brothers: Let's go home before Christmas!
Before the words fell, 36,000 brothers were annihilated by the volunteers.
After that, it is to fight again, to lose again;
Fight again, lose again;
Because of his command error, he indirectly caused Lieutenant General Walton Walker to die in a car accident when he escaped.
Brother Mai lost four battles and four defeats, how can he suffer this grievance?
Unable to accept the fact that he was completely abused, he decisively gave the command to Li Qiwei, and went to quarrel with Truman, and stubbornly scolded Truman: My military command is shackled, and you politicians have violated the authority of the military!
The implication is that it's not that I'm incompetent, it's that you always lead a group of literati to point fingers.
Lao Du is also a man of temperament, explaining a hair.
On April 11, 1951, Mai Ge was dismissed from his post by Lao Du and left the scene in disgrace.
It's all like this, and when faced with the media interview, the duck was still hard-mouthed, and began to shake the pot: I would have given the command to Li Qiwei a long time ago!
This is to maintain face, and I really don't want to save face at all.
Let's talk about Li Qiwei, this soldier with two big thunders on his chest, he does have two brushes.
Although Brother Li is not as famous as Brother Mai, he is definitely a world famous general, and he is the most difficult opponent of the Volunteer Army during the entire period of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea.
Brother Li was known for his unique vision and boldness, and he soon discovered the shortcomings of the Volunteer Army: the worship offensive.
It is that every battle launched by the Volunteer Army is basically 5-7 days, and he concluded that the limit of the logistics supply of the Volunteer Army is one week.
In response to this shortcoming, Brother Li made a fatal move: he used bombers to bomb our army's supply lines day and night, and then used flares to turn night into day.
The volunteers often took advantage of the darkness to recapture their positions, but now they are the same day and night, and they have lost their advantage in an instant.
But it's only for a moment.
In the face of Peng Dehuai, the god of war, Deng Hua, the military advisor, and Han Xianchu, the famous general of the control department, Li Qiwei's shortcomings were soon exposed.
They found that there was a problem with Li Qiwei's troop arrangement, and took advantage of this omission to crack Brother Li's "magnetic tactics" by adopting small encirclement and small interspersing, and came to defend and counterattack.
However, Brother Li's performance on the Korean battlefield was still quite good, and his appearance slowed down the pace of the volunteers, and the two armies could only hold each other on the 38th parallel.
Mr. Peng said that he was the most feared opponent, and he said that Mr. Peng was always the most dangerous opponent.
This is the generosity that a world famous general should have, and both sides are not stingy with praise.
Because he couldn't break the move, it coincided with the presidential election of the beautiful country, and Eisenhower went to participate in the election.
According to the American system, a person who holds a military position in the military must resign from the military to run for election.
As Eisenhower's confidant, Brother Lee succeeded the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe and sat in Europe.
In charge of replacing the commander of the "United Nations Forces" is Mark Wayne Clark.
The Battle of Shangganling directly brought him to the negotiating table, and also made Lao Du lose the election.
Why did the volunteers suffer the greatest casualties after Li Qiwei became the commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Army"?
This involved one man, and he was James Van Vliet, commander-in-chief of the Eighth Army.
A hardcore ruthless man who coined a military term with his own name - Van Vliet ammunition.
02
Van Vliet is a typical firepower triumphant, similar to the Duhey (air supremacy theory) I wrote before, both of whom want to use absolute power and superiority to crush their opponents.
Van Vliet participated in two world wars, and was in the same class as Eisenhower and Bradley.
Let's not talk about his experience, his fame came in 1948, he wiped out more than 100,000 communist forces with his personal ability, and he was known as an expert in mountain warfare.
The Korean battlefield was full of hills, and after taking over the post of commander of Li Qiwei's Eighth Army, he thought of making a big deal and giving the volunteers a disadvantage.
Brother Fan approached the chief of staff and asked, "How much ammunition did you use to win a battle before?" ”
The staff officer flipped through the record and named a number.
Brother Fan said arrogantly: "Then shoot out 5 times the ammunition now." ”
It's really not a good family, I don't know that firewood, rice, oil and salt are expensive.
Since Brother Fan took office, the amount of attacks by the US army has increased exponentially, and it is doing it against the positions of the volunteers every day.
The positions of the volunteers had been subjected to about 40 rounds of shelling per day, and they were all unbearably dead. As soon as Brother Fan came, he directly adjusted it to 289 rounds per day, in the words of a veteran of the Volunteer Army: the density is like the wind, one after another.
This kind of attack has never been seen in World War I or World War II, how terrifying is it?
In order to attack the 983 heights, Fan Ge knocked out 360,000 shells in 9 days; Later, 190 shells and more than 5,000 bombs were poured on an unknown small position.
To put it mildly, the hail is not as dense as it.
This is the amount of ammunition Van Vliet, the bullet casings are piled up in a mountain, why is it such a ferocious and extremely luxurious offensive, why can the volunteers still withstand it?
This is where we Chinese are smart, and to fight a war, we have to rely on tactics.
It was by using the anti-cline position and anti-cline tunnel that the volunteers held their positions and reduced casualties.
What is an anticline position?
The inclined plane refers to the inclined part from the top of the mountain to the bottom of the mountain, and the anti-slope is the one that faces away from the enemy.
Let's take the previous picture, it's easy to understand.
In the face of the attack of Fan Ge, the volunteers chose to build digging and firing fortifications, cantonment holes and covered trenches under the anticline rocks.
Don't underestimate this anticline tunnel, each tunnel has a "national standard", when the document was issued, each position was required to dig at least two tunnels, and the tunnels should ensure that there are 3 entrances and exits; The thickness of the top of the tunnel needs to be another 15-20 meters, otherwise it will not be able to block the heavy artillery; The tunnel also needed to be connected to the field fortifications, which could be both defensive and offensive.
It is worth mentioning that the position of the ridge line on the top of the mountain can be observed in all cases of the anticline and the positive incline.
The anticline is indeed designed against the sky, not only to dodge attacks, but also to prevent the enemy from taking the back path to surround it.
So this was the way it was:
When the U.S. troops attacked, the volunteers only sent small groups to block the attack in the front, and the observation posts of the volunteers were generally located in the ridge line, and they were responsible for coordinating the coordination of artillery and the infantry in the front to carry out hanging fire across the mountains and counterattack the U.S. troops.
The US offensive is blocked, and it will definitely increase its firepower.
At this time, the volunteers used the anti-slope tunnel to evade, and the US bombers did not dare to fly too low, because it was too low and it was easy for the army to "shoot empty artillery", so the lethality was greatly reduced.
The most likely to die are the observers on the top of the mountain, and if they die, someone will have to make up for them and observe the enemy at any time.
After the American artillery attack, they will send the infantry forward, and then they will fall into the next cycle.
Because of the terrain, the forces that both sides can send are limited, which also greatly weakens the offensive of the American army.
Therefore, in the face of Van Vliet's ammunition, even if the hill was leveled by two meters, the volunteers were still able to hold their positions.
In fact, the place where the greatest casualties are in logistics, and the supply lines in the rear have become the targets of suppression by the US artillery and air force, and this has been the case since the beginning of the war.
Every supply at the front was bought at the expense of the rear.
However, there is another point, we have entered a misunderstanding, and we always think that only the US artillery fire.
At that time, some US military personnel recalled: The artillery fire of the volunteers was too dense, and one shell hit the position every second!
Defeat magic with magic.
The U.S. military is also miserable, sometimes changing positions several times a day.
In order to provide weapons and allow these logistics materials to reach the front line smoothly, Big Brother and the mainland air force intercepted US fighters many times, and the sky over the plain on the south bank of the Yalu River became the famous "MiG corridor".
With air supremacy in this area, it will be possible to transport supplies and ammunition and transport the wounded.
The U.S. military failed to take down the Volunteer Army with all its firepower, and after this battle, it never launched an offensive on a battalion scale or above.
In fact, through the continuous change of generals in the US military, we can also know that they are really out of line.
Both sides also understand that no one can eat anyone now, and in the end the war can only be ended through negotiations.