Heard
Recently, the most popular word for young people is called
"Stealing"
But as a person who is afraid of dogs
My biggest "stealing feeling"
In fact, it is manifested in the encounter with a dog in the elevator
Actually, I want to ask myself
The dog is so cute, why should you be afraid of it?
▲ Source: Station B up main "Savage Travel"
I believe that many people who have seen this article
are all good "pickers" who have a well-behaved dog
But people who are afraid of dogs have met
Not just well-trained dogs
It's not just a good host who knows how to think about others
The behavior of an unfamiliar, unleashed dog
It's hard to predict
In case of a bite, worry about rabies
Not to mention
Rabies vaccine pain (body pain + wallet pain)
Even many "pickers" don't want to go through it
▽
Recently, the First People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province received a 48-year-old male patient who came from Shengzhou, Zhejiang. The patient was very irritable and restless, and he told the doctor that he had a low-grade fever for several days, and that he felt tightness in his chest, tightness in his throat, and was very thirsty when the wind blew, but he was afraid to drink water.
Judging by the symptoms, doctors highly suspected that they were infected with the rabies virus. Although the patient denied being bitten or scratched by a dog or cat, the rabies virus was found through NGS testing of cerebrospinal fluid.
But even if the cause is found, it's too late. Three days later, the doctor returned to the doctor and received news that the patient had passed away.
His wife recalled that he had been bitten by a dog a few years earlier.
01
Rabies is preventable but not curable
Almost 100% lethality
The clinical manifestations of rabies are mainly high fear, mania, hydrophobia, wind, light, sound, etc., and gradually appear throat muscle spasm, drooling, paralysis, respiratory paralysis and other symptoms. Currently, rabies is a preventable and incurable disease.
In the past five years, although the number of cases and deaths of human rabies in mainland China has continued to decline, there are still deaths every year.
02
I was bitten by a dog when I was a child, and I didn't get vaccinated
It's been more than ten years, will it still be okay?
Rabies has an incubation period. However, most people do not know how long this incubation period can be, and there is even a saying that "rabies can be latent for more than ten years".
The incubation period for rabies can range from 5 days to several years, but is usually 2 to 3 months and rarely more than 1 year. Therefore, the probability of not developing the disease after being bitten for more than ten years is extremely small.
The length of the incubation period is related to the virulence of the virus, the nerve distribution at the site of invasion, and other factors. The higher the number of viruses, the more virulent they are, the more nerves they have at the site of entry, and the closer they are to the central nervous system, the shorter the incubation period.
▲ Rabies virus, which looks like a bullet
But instead of betting on whether you will get the virus, it is recommended that you get the rabies vaccine in time after rabies exposure! In principle, the sooner the better.
As long as the person has not developed the disease, the vaccine can work.
Rabies vaccine approved for marketing in mainland China
There are two types: 5 shots and 4 shots
- 5 injections: 1 dose each on day 0 (on the day of injection), 3, 7, 14, and 28 days (the same dosage for children);
- 4 Injection: 2 doses on day 0, 1 dose on day 7 and 1 dose on day 21.
03
What animals were bitten
Need a rabies vaccine?
Let's start with a concept: "rabies exposure" -
Refers to bites, scratches, licking mucous membranes or broken skin of rabies, suspected rabies, or unidentified rabies host animals, as well as open wounds or mucous membranes that come into contact with saliva or tissues of animals that may be infected with the rabies virus.
Therefore, not only bites, but also rabies vaccinations as soon as possible as long as they are "exposed" to the following animals:
- Dogs are the main source of rabies in mainland China, accounting for more than 95%, followed by cats.
- Wild or stray carnivorous mammals have a high risk of transmission, and ferrets, badgers, foxes, raccoon dogs, and wolves are important sources of wildlife infection in mainland China.
- Bats are high-risk animals for spreading rabies.
But don't be overly nervous, not all animals can spread rabies:
- Being bitten by domestic animals such as cows, sheep, horses, and pigs, and rodents such as rabbits and rats are at low risk of contracting the rabies virus, and rabies vaccination is usually not necessary.
- Birds, fish, insects, lizards, turtles, snakes and other animals are not infected with and transmit the rabies virus, and do not need to be vaccinated against rabies after being bitten.
- If you are bitten or scratched, you don't need to worry about getting the rabies virus or getting a rabies vaccine.
04
What should I do if I am bitten by a cat or dog?
These 45 canine injury clinics in Shenzhen can help you
Once you are scratched or bitten by a dog, cat, etc., you have to do these 2 steps:
(1) Rinse the wound immediately!
- After being bitten/scratched, immediately squeeze the wound to drain the blood, but never suck the wound with your mouth.
- Rinse the wound alternately with a pressure of clean running water (such as tap water) and 20% soapy water or other mild alkaline detergent for at least 15 minutes.
- After rinsing, scrub the wound with 75% alcohol or 2%~3% iodine wine.
- Wounds are generally not sutured or bandaged, and no ointments or powders or other drugs that are not conducive to wound detoxification are applied. If the wound is large and deep, go to a regular hospital for treatment immediately.
(2) Go to the dog injury clinic in time
The full name of the canine injury clinic is "rabies exposure prevention and treatment clinic".
Anyone who has been bitten or scratched by a dog or other animal and is at risk of exposure to rabies animals can come to seek help.
A picture to read
Rabies exposure prevention and disposal procedures
▲Source: People's Daily Health Client
▲ Source: Station B up main "Little Tiger Little Tiger v"
Comprehensive sources: Shenzhen CDC, Hangzhou Traffic 918, Hangzhou TV, etc