Applicable types: apartments, ordinary residences, supporting shops and medium-sized commercial buildings.
Principles of pipeline layout:
1. The general principle: small let big, there is pressure to let no pressure, no slope requirements to let there be slope requirements. Air duct is the mainstay, bridge frame is secondary, water pipe is supplemented, all kinds of pipelines are preferred to be arranged horizontally and compactly, and when there is no condition to arrange up and down, follow the principle of wind and electricity and underwater layout.
2: The ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes, fire mains, self-spraying pipes, heating pipes and electrical bridges in the garage are arranged above the parking spaces as much as possible, and are arranged on the edge of the wall or column to ensure the net height of the lane.
Three: ventilation, smoke exhaust air duct and fire water supply pipe should be laid near the bottom of the beam (beam and column structure) or the bottom of the plate (large plate structure). The bridge meets the beam and sticks to the bottom of the beam, and the height of the reserved bridge is +50mm away from the roof after the beam is raised.
4. The height of the exhaust air duct is controlled within 400mm high, the exhaust wind speed is controlled at about 19m/s as much as possible, and the width and height ratio of the air duct can be controlled at 8:1 to ensure that the size of the air duct is economical and reasonable. The smoke exhaust distance of the smoke exhaust air outlet is controlled at 25-30 meters, so as to shorten the length of the smoke exhaust air duct as much as possible.
Five: If the dark corridor needs to exhaust smoke, try not to take the smoke exhaust duct in the corridor by adjusting the position of the smoke exhaust fan room or smoke exhaust shaft. If the building conditions must be arranged in the corridor, it shall be arranged according to the principle of Article 11.
Six: the smoke exhaust tuyere is preferred to not occupy a single layer of louvers that do not occupy the height of the floor space, if the fire protection is mandatory
The normally closed multi-leaf smoke exhaust outlet should be installed on the side of the air duct, and it is forbidden to occupy the floor height of the bottom.
Seven: the elevation of the main main pipes and bridges should be indicated, and the dense parts of the pipeline should be longitudinally broken. Both the design institute and the general contractor are required to issue comprehensive and longitudinal drawings of pipelines.
Eight: Pipelines and equipment that can be installed in public areas such as mezzanine or roofs are strictly forbidden to be installed in shops and storage rooms.
Nine: equipment and electrical pipelines as much as possible centralized and reasonable layout, electrical bridge and water pipes and air ducts of the horizontal and vertical net distance ≤ 100mm, between equipment and pipes ≤ 50mm.
The self-sprinkler fire heating main pipe in the shop should be installed at the bottom of the beam at the partition wall or external wall.
Ten: Reasonably arrange the installation and construction sequence, in line with the air duct - bridge - gravity flow pipeline (rain and sewage pipe) - slope requirements of pipelines (heating, air conditioning pipes and condensate pipes) - no slope requirements of pipelines (fire protection, water supply pipes, electrical bridge) of the process.
11: When the air duct, fire main pipe and electrical bridge must be arranged in the shop, it should be laid close to the wall and the bottom of the beam, so as to facilitate the local ceiling in the later stage, and shall not affect the ceiling and visual effect of the main space of the shop.
Twelve: the pipeline should try to avoid directly passing through the fire shutter and smoke retaining wall, when it is unavoidable, you can take measures such as adding building partition walls on both sides of the fire shutter for pipeline laying. In the case that the structural beam is too high and the pipeline is laid below it to affect the height of the floor, the mechanical and electrical major can consider the beam. (In the construction drawing stage, the structural major of the design institute should warn and remind the mechanical and electrical major, and the mechanical and electrical professional piercing beam should be resolved through consultation with the structural professional).
Article 1: When the professional pipelines are preferentially laid horizontally, and when they need to be arranged up and down due to the limited conditions, they should follow the principle of underwater laying in wind and electricity.
Second: when the cable tray is laid in the garage, it is arranged above the parking space, and it is avoided to be arranged above the lane to ensure the clearance of the lane.
Above: The cable tray in the garage at the cloud line is laid on the lane, which affects the clearance height of the lane.
Solution: Adjust the cable tray to the wall or column above the parking space to ensure the clear height of the lane.
Note: If the underground garage structure is in the form of a beamless floor, the electrical bridge should be laid between the two column caps.
Article 3: The ventilation and smoke exhaust pipes, fire pipes, self-spraying pipes, heating pipes and electrical bridges in the garage are arranged above the parking spaces as much as possible, and are arranged on the edge of the wall or column cap to ensure the net height of the lane.
The picture above shows the ventilation and self-spraying pipes installed above the driveway, and the feeling is that the lane is very oppressive.
Solution: Ventilation ducts, self-spraying, fire protection, heating, electrical bridges and other main pipelines should be moved to the top of the parking spaces as much as possible to ensure the clear height requirements of the lanes.
Fourth: ventilation, smoke exhaust ducts and fire water supply pipes should be laid at the bottom of the beam (beam and column structure) or the bottom of the plate (large plate structure). The bridge meets the beam and sticks to the bottom of the beam, and the height of the reserved bridge is +50mm away from the roof after the beam is raised.
Article 5: The smoke exhaust tuyere is preferred to not occupy the single-layer louver of the floor height space, if the fire protection mandatory requirement to choose the normally closed multi-leaf smoke exhaust outlet, it should be installed on the side of the air duct, and it is forbidden to occupy the floor height of the bottom.
The picture above shows that the ventilation and smoke exhaust ducts are not installed at the bottom of the board, and the normally closed multi-leaf smoke exhaust outlet is used, which seriously affects the net height.
Solution: Attach the air duct to the bottom of the board and replace the smoke exhaust outlet with a single-layer louver, and the net height can be increased by about 400mm.
The height of the exhaust air duct is controlled within 400mm high, the exhaust wind speed is controlled at about 19m/s as much as possible, and the width and height ratio of the air duct can be controlled at 8:1 to ensure that the size of the air duct is economical and reasonable. The smoke exhaust distance of the smoke exhaust air outlet is controlled at 25-30 meters, so as to shorten the length of the smoke exhaust air duct as much as possible.
The above picture shows the cross layout of the ventilation and smoke exhaust air duct and the heating main pipe in the garage, which affects the net height of the garage.
Solution: Move the smoke vent to the elliptical block to avoid the intersection of the air duct and the heating duct.
Article 7: Pipelines and equipment that can be installed in the mezzanine are strictly forbidden to be installed in shops and storage rooms.
The picture above shows the situation that the positive pressure blower and air duct are located in the shop, which seriously affects the use of the shop.
Solution: Move to the mezzanine of the equipment and install it.
Article 8: Reasonably arrange the installation and construction sequence, in line with the air duct - gravity flow pipeline - slope requirement pipeline - no slope requirement pipeline process.
The picture above shows that the construction sequence is not reasonably arranged, resulting in the water pipe being on the upper air duct and the overall downward movement of the air duct by 300mm, which affects the net height.
Solution: Arrange the process reasonably, install the air duct at the bottom of the plate, and install the water pipe locally downwards to bypass the air duct.
Article 9: When the air duct or fire main pipe must be arranged in the shop, it should be laid close to the wall and the bottom of the beam, so as to facilitate the local ceiling in the later stage and not affect the ceiling of the main space of the shop.
The following figure shows that the smoke exhaust pipe and chilled water pipe are arranged in the main space of the shop, which affects the height of the ceiling.
Solution: The smoke exhaust pipe is arranged against the wall, and the water pipe is raised to the lower beam for laying.
Article 10: The electrical bridge in the shop should not be laid in the middle of the shop as far as possible, and the welt laying is convenient for the later fine decoration.
The picture above shows that the bridge frame in the small shop is set in the center, which is not convenient for the fine decoration of the shop after adding the partition in the later stage.
Solution: The bridge installation should be installed as far as possible on the welt of the non-main entrance, which is convenient for decoration.