With the acceleration of the aging process in the mainland, the topic of pension has increasingly attracted widespread attention from all walks of life. As an important economic source of life in later life, fair and reasonable pension distribution is directly related to the quality of life of the elderly, people's livelihood and social fairness and justice.
However, in recent years, we have to face up to a reality: the pension gap between retirees is gradually widening, showing a trend of "pension gap" intensifying. High-income groups and retirees living in economically developed areas can get thousands of yuan or even tens of thousands of yuan in pensions every month; The low-income class and the elderly in underdeveloped areas can only receive a meager pension of a few hundred yuan per month.
This contrast is so great that it has exacerbated people's sense of injustice and affected social harmony and stability. In the face of this situation, how can we take effective measures to gradually narrow the "pension gap", so that all the elderly can enjoy a happy old age? This is not only a livelihood issue that needs to be solved urgently, but also a major issue to test the fairness and justice of our society.
At first glance, this problem does not seem complicated and can be solved with appropriate adjustments. After all, according to the current pension system in the mainland, the amount of pension received by each person mainly depends on the following factors: first, the level of economic development of the region; second, the level of payment and the number of years of payment; Third, the level of pre-retirement salary income.
Based on this, many people have proposed a seemingly "fair and reasonable" adjustment plan: according to the actual amount of each person's contribution, those who pay more will get more, and those who pay less will get less. It sounds very pleasing to the ear, and it seems to be in line with the principle of distribution according to work and paying more for more.
However, if we think carefully about the operability of this scheme, it is not difficult to find that it has some fatal loopholes and drawbacks.
The first flaw lies in the fact that it ignores the vast territory of the continent and the obvious regional disparities. In these developed cities in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and in the underdeveloped areas in the central and western regions, the pension calculation base is far from the same.
If it is simply adjusted according to the amount of contributions, those retirees who live in economically backward areas and have relatively high payment grades may not have much room for pension growth; In contrast, some retirees who have paid more than average but live in developed regions will receive more real benefits. This will undoubtedly exacerbate the pension "gap" between different regions and widen the imbalance of the regional economy.
The second flaw is that this adjustment is too simplistic and ignores the complexity of reality. For example, if a person works hard all his life and pays a high-end pension for a long time, but chooses to settle in an economically underdeveloped area after retirement for various reasons, then adjusting the amount of contributions will bring him actual economic losses.
In addition, the mainland population is highly mobile, and a person often works and lives in a city that is not in the same city, and if the pension is adjusted completely according to the amount of contributions, it will also bring some unfairness to this part of the population.
Of course, it is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem of "pension gap" by relying solely on the government's adjustment policy. We need to push forward with more comprehensive and in-depth reforms at the institutional level.
For example, we should further improve the personal account system, fully incorporate factors such as the number of years of payment and the salary into the personal account, and form a "rigid cash" of personal pensions, which truly embodies the fair principle of distribution according to work and more payment.
For example, for some economically underdeveloped areas, the central government should give appropriate transfer payments to subsidize the local pension gap, ensure the basic living standards of the elderly in these areas, and avoid polarization.
In the longer term, we need to actively promote the process of establishing a national pension system. At present, the mainland pension is mainly based on provinces or urban and rural areas separately, but with the continuous acceleration of population aging and the increasingly frequent population flow, it is increasingly difficult for a single province to provide reliable economic security for the majority of the elderly. Only by establishing a national pension system and realizing mutual assistance and surplus funds in a wider range can we minimize regional disparities and allow the elderly to share the fruits of national economic development.
In addition to government and institutional efforts, each of us citizens should also be fully prepared and planned for our later years. For example, by purchasing commercial endowment insurance and participating in enterprise annuities, etc., you can add a savings to your future retirement life; At the same time, it is also necessary to establish a correct concept of old-age care, live a green and environmentally friendly lifestyle, maintain physical and mental health, and lay a solid foundation for high-quality old age.
It is true that to completely solve the deep-seated social problem of the "pension gap", the cooperation of the government, society and the public is required. However, the solution of any complex problem needs to be done step by step. We can't rush and do it overnight, but we must continue to push forward with perseverance.
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