With the rapid development of information technology, the construction industry and the field of geographic information have undergone profound changes. BIM and GIS, as two important information tools, play a pivotal role in their respective fields. However, in order to better meet the needs of complex engineering projects, the combination of BIM and GIS has become more and more important. This article will discuss the reasons and purposes of the combination of BIM and GIS, analyze the connection and complementarity between the two, and list the possible advantages and benefits of the combination.
01. What is GIS?
Everyone must know a lot about BIM. Below, let's first briefly understand what GIS is and what it does.
GIS, or Geographic Information System, is a specific spatial information system. At its core, GIS is its powerful geospatial data processing and analysis capabilities. It can not only store and query geographic data, but also extract the spatial characteristics, relationships and patterns of geographic data through spatial analysis technology, and provide decision support for various applications. For example, in urban planning, GIS can help decision-makers analyze the spatial layout, transportation network, public facilities and other elements of the city, so as to optimize the urban planning scheme.
At the same time, GIS is also highly open and scalable. It can be integrated with other information systems to achieve data sharing and exchange. This enables GIS to be widely used in various fields, including resource management, environmental monitoring, disaster early warning, traffic management, military command, etc.
02. Reasons and advantages of the combination of BIM + GIS
As a digital tool, BIM can integrate the whole life cycle information of construction projects, from design, construction to operation and maintenance, and realize information sharing and collaboration. However, BIM usually focuses on the information management of individual buildings or specific areas, and the analysis of macro-geographical environment and external conditions is inadequate.
GIS is good at processing geospatial data, providing powerful spatial query and spatial analysis capabilities, and can comprehensively grasp the geographical environment and resource distribution from macro to micro. Therefore, the combination of BIM and GIS aims to realize the seamless connection between building information and geographic information, form a complete information chain from macro to micro, and improve the decision-making efficiency and management level of construction projects.
Specifically, the advantages of BIM+GIS are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Improve analysis efficiency: The combination of BIM and GIS can improve the depth and breadth of spatial analysis. The combination of GIS geospatial analysis capabilities and BIM's building information management capabilities can conduct in-depth analysis of the project's spatial layout, traffic flow, environmental impact, etc., and provide strong support for project decision-making.
2. Promote information sharing and collaboration: The combination of BIM and GIS can realize information sharing and collaborative work between multiple departments and disciplines. This helps break down information silos and improve the efficiency and quality of project management.
3. Enhance emergency management and disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities: In an emergency, the combination of BIM and GIS can quickly provide detailed information about the construction project and the surrounding environment, providing fast and accurate support for emergency decision-making. At the same time, through simulation and analysis, evacuation routes and emergency measures can be planned in advance to reduce disaster losses.
03. Application prospect of BIM+GIS
With the rise of concepts such as smart cities and digital twin cities, there is a growing demand for the integration of geospatial information and building information. BIM+GIS technology can meet this demand and provide strong support for urban planning, construction and management.
Secondly, with the continuous development of a new generation of information technology such as 5G, Internet of Things, and big data, BIM+GIS technology will also be further improved and improved. For example, through the high-speed transmission and low latency characteristics of 5G technology, geospatial data can be acquired and analyzed in real time. Through the Internet of Things technology, intelligent monitoring and management of construction projects can be realized; Through big data technology, massive data can be mined and analyzed to discover potential value and patterns.
In addition, with the increasing attention to urban sustainable development and green buildings, BIM+GIS technology will also play a greater role in these fields. Through the application of BIM+GIS technology, the urban spatial layout can be optimized, energy efficiency can be improved, environmental pollution can be reduced, and the sustainable development of the city can be promoted.
04、BIM+GIS实践案例
The cross-border cooperation of BIM+GIS can produce infinite possibilities, and the BIM+GIS engineering construction management platform is one of them.
Engineering construction management platform based on BIM+GIS
The browser/server (B/S) architecture is the main one, and the customer/server (C/S) architecture is supplemented by the construction management platform based on BIM+GIS technology.
➤ Platform function modules
1. Collaborative office module
It mainly includes the functions of project homepage, project overview, project dynamics, notification and announcement browsing and retrieval, meeting notice, meeting minutes browsing and retrieval, construction log filling, project address book management and so on.
2. Digital delivery module
Because the information model created by the PC-side 3D design software has high requirements for computer hardware configuration, and the software operation has a threshold, which is not convenient to be directly delivered to the owner and the construction party for various applications in the construction stage, it is necessary to develop a Web-end platform based on BIM+GIS to carry out the digital delivery of design products:
1) Form a digital archive of the project to facilitate the online visual access and browsing of design information and drawings by all participants;
2) Provide additional design services to enhance the user experience of the owners;
3) It can break the limitation of relying on foreign commercial software for models and data.
Electronic delivery of design drawings
Delivery of a real-life model of the surrounding environment of the project
3. Construction progress management module
With the three-dimensional model components as the information carrier and the basic management unit, the plan progress management and image progress management are implemented, and the plan and actual construction status of each component and process of the project are displayed by means of three-dimensional visualization, and the 4D construction progress simulation of the planned progress and the actual progress is realized.
Statistical analysis of construction progress 2D charts
4. Construction quality management module
With the 3D model components and related inspection batches as the most basic carriers for quality inspection and evaluation, the quality inspection and evaluation work of inspection batches, concealed projects, sub-projects, and sub-projects is carried out to realize the visual and convenient management of engineering construction quality.
5. Engineering metrology management module
Based on the information model, the component is the smallest measurement unit, and the screening, filling and auxiliary audit related to mid-term measurement are carried out. It organically combines progress, quality and safety management data, and breaks the information isolation between traditional measurement management and progress, quality and safety management.
According to the components that have been completed and inspected well, the platform automatically calculates the quantity of the sub-item number (project number) of the mid-term measurement list, automatically generates the measurement report for each period, and automatically checks it with the contract list quantity to avoid overcounting.
Storage and retrieval of mid-term measurement history periods
6. Construction safety management module
1) Safety inspection: The owner and the supervisor find the construction safety hazards, you can initiate the safety rectification process, the relevant person in charge of the construction unit receives the platform reminder to rectify the problem in a timely manner, and the rectification results are fed, and the owner and the supervisor approve the rectification results to form a closed loop of safety inspection.
Details of rectification of potential safety hazards
2) Daily inspection: The safety officer conducts regular inspections of hazards and dangerous equipment in the area of responsibility, and registers, uploads and manages the inspection results through the mobile APP.
Statistical analysis and detailed browsing of mobile security check problems
3) Video surveillance: Cameras are installed at key locations such as the commanding heights of the construction site and near the danger source to monitor the status of the construction site.
7. Engineering file management module
According to the standards and regulations of engineering construction archives management, the design drawings, as-built drawings, construction logs, work quality control documents, safety management documents, plan progress control documents, contract documents and other documents during the design and construction period are stored, sorted out and archived in an orderly manner, and the special acceptance of auxiliary archives is assisted.
The platform can make full use of the aforementioned functional modules of the management platform to enter and collect a large number of construction safety, progress, quality and measurement data documents with components and inspection batches as the carrier in real time during the construction process, so as to reduce the workload of document file collection.
For other necessary documents that are not collected by the above-mentioned modules, the file management module supports quick and easy entry and archiving.
8. Other features
1) Mobile application function module
a. Project overview, dynamics, and project circle functions;
b. Notification announcement, address book management function, log filling;
c. Process approval function of progress, quality and measurement management;
d. Security check, video surveillance and other functions;
e. Business data analysis and statistics viewing function (bar chart, pie chart, line chart, etc.).
f. Process approval function of progress, quality and measurement management;
g. Security check, video surveillance and other functions;
h. Business data analysis and statistics viewing function (bar chart, pie chart, line chart, etc.).
2) Digital project control center
Build a digital project management and control center, deploy large-scale display terminals, servers and other hardware facilities for model data display, video surveillance data, platform visual information display and other purposes.
If you are interested in the engineering construction management platform based on GIS+BIM, and have procurement or secondary development needs, please follow the WeChat public account of "Ai 3D Technology" to contact us.