Sasha today in its history.
Author: Sasha
This article is Sasha's original and will not be reprinted by any media
【Sasha Lecture Hall No. 1396】 (Military Series Lecture 437)
Nazi butcher was captured by the Mossad after 16 years on the run: On December 15, 1961, Adolf Eichmann, a senior Official of Nazi Germany, was sentenced to death in Jerusalem by an Israeli court for crimes against humanity, including crimes against humanity.
Eichmann was born in Germany in 1906 and went to Austria as a child.
Eichmann was an ultra-nationalist who joined the Austrian Nazi Party in 1932, which was soon outlawed by the Austrian government.
Enraged, Eichmann left Austria and returned to Germany.
In 1933, the Nazis established their first concentration camp, Dachau Concentration Camp.
Eichmann was appointed head of the Dachau concentration camp in 1934.
This beautiful town not far from Munich has since had a legend full of yin.
At the entrance to the Dachau concentration camp, there is a line with the words "ARBEIT MACHT FREI" (Labor Sets You Free).
During Eichmann's tenure, it was not a death camp, but a place of forced labor.
Any offender who refuses to work or violates discipline is severely punished.
It can be said that the Dachau concentration camp is an exploration attempt for a future Nazi death camp, and Eichmann has done very well.
The Nazi hierarchy believed that Eichmann was an authentic German, cool-headed, meticulous, and responsible. At the same time, Eichmann showed no mercy to the prisoners in the concentration camp, killing when they should be killed and beaten when they should be beaten.
Under his management, everything was in order in the Dachau concentration camp.
Eichmann was incompetent, cold-blooded and ruthless, and was appreciated by the Gestapo leader Heydrich and became his right hand.
In 1937, Eichmann was ordered to Palestine and began to study the possibility of relocating all European Jews here.
Eichmann, however, ultimately decided that Jews should not peacefully migrate to the Middle East.
The Jews had no small influence on the German-Austrian economy, controlling at least one-tenth of the financial markets and forcibly relocating them to lose a great deal of wealth.
After the outbreak of World War II, as the war was gradually lost, the Wanhu Conference in 1942 determined a plan for the massacre of Jews.
The protagonists of the meeting were Eichmann and Heydrich, who was the director of the General Directorate of State Security and Eichmann, who was the head of Jewish affairs.
During this time, Eichmann reiterated that the migration of 11 million European Jews was impossible.
In the end, the Conference endorsed the general idea of the massacre of Jews and defined a plan for local killings, calling for the first implementation in the so-called Jewish state of Poland. There are four or five million Jews here, and they need to be solved on the spot.
Eichmann's rank was only lieutenant colonel, and because he was the head of Jewish affairs, he had a lot of real power.
In carrying out the plan to kill Jews, Eichmann was responsible for sending Jews from all over Europe to concentration camps. At the same time, he was also responsible for the construction of the concentration camp and was not responsible for its management.
Naturally, there were only two outcomes that awaited the Jews: first, to die of hard labor; second, to be sent directly to the gas chambers and killed.
Eichmann carried out his mission well, consulting with the leaders of the Jewish community and establishing the Jewish traitor organization to assist the Nazis in the migration of Jews.
This led to the murder of most Jews in gas chambers in countries such as Poland, Hungary, Greece, and Yugoslavia; the killing of half of the Jews in Austria, Czechoslovakia, the Netherlands, and Belgium; and the survival of Jews in Denmark and Bulgaria under the protection of the local population.
According to the surviving documents of Nazi Germany, about 5.1 million Jews in Europe fell prey to the program, and the actual number is estimated to be as high as 6 million.
Interestingly, Eichmann does not seem to have killed a jew with his own hands, nor did he personally direct them into the gas chambers.
However, without Eichmann's transport and the construction of concentration camps, it was clear that these Jews would not have died.
Eichmann knew that these Jews would die in the gas chambers when they entered the concentration camp, and still carried out the order perfectly.
Later in World War II, Eichmann, knowing that his crimes were serious, considered fleeing.
He was once captured by the U.S. military, concealed his identity, and fled.
After moving to Italy, he fled by boat to Argentina under the cover of agents. The Argentine government has a good relationship with Germany, and there are many germans living here.
After arriving in Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina, Eichmann worked in anonymity and worked for Mercedes-Benz.
Israeli agents, on the other hand, are also searching the globe at all costs for Eichmann, one of the main culprits of the massacre of Jews.
In 1960, 15 years after the end of the war, and perhaps all these years were fine, Eichmann began to let his guard down. He and his family occasionally appear at gatherings of some German immigrants.
Before, they had always been alone and did not have contact with the outside world.
Among these immigrants are israeli Mossad undercover agents.
They soon discovered that the man's appearance was closer to Eichmann's.
Before that, the Mossad had been informed that Eichmann must be hiding somewhere in Argentina.
However, every year the Mossad receives information about Eichmann, such as his presence in the Middle East, Africa, Europe and even Hong Kong.
Harrell, who was only 46 years old at the time, still sent 2 agents to verify it, so as not to kill innocents indiscriminately.
Since 15 years have passed and Eichmann's appearance has changed to some extent, the 2 agents cannot determine his identity.
Just when the Mossad was distressed, he suddenly received an important piece of information. After discovering that he might be being followed, Eichmann quickly moved and disappeared from the neighborhood where he had lived for many years. Fortunately, the Mossad has deployed surveillance personnel, and they still lock up Eichmann's new home, a house hidden in a suburban town.
If you don't have a weak heart, why suddenly run away? It seems that this guy is probably Eichmann.
At the same time, Eichmann's eldest son had a girlfriend, and his father sent an important letter.
The father, who was of Jewish descent, escaped to South America and was spared. The daughter relayed some of her boyfriend's family introductions, which shocked the father, as if this person was Eichmann.
Subsequently, Director Harrell again sent an old agent to Argentina to confirm.
The old agent came into contact with some of the Jewish survivors who had met Eichmann, repeatedly learning about his appearance, voice, habits, and other characteristics.
Agents rushed to Argentina and engaged Eichmann several times disguised as a community lawyer.
Eventually, the old agent confirms that this guy is the murderous demon Eichmann.
Harrell immediately addressed Israeli Prime Minister Ben Harapan. Gurion reported and asked to decide how to clean up the guy, divided into three strategies:
The best strategy was to assassinate Eichmann outright, disguised as robbery or revenge.
Eichmann used a pseudonym and a false identity, which the Argentine government would consider to be an ordinary criminal case and would not take it seriously. However, Gurion did not think this approach was appropriate. They are the righteous side dealing with the evil murderers, and they cannot use such obscene means.
The next policy was to negotiate with the Argentine government and ask for Eichmann's extradition.
As we all know, the Argentine government is quite pro-German and has a strong nationalism. In their view, Eichmann, even if he is a murderous demon, has not committed a crime in Argentina, is a citizen of his own country, and the possibility of repatriation is very small. Even if repatriated, Argentina would demand that the death penalty not be divided. Obviously, this is also undesirable, and perhaps the extradition is not yet fruitful, and Eichmann may die.
The only option for the middle strategy was to kidnap Eichmann in Argentina and smuggle him back to Israel.
The abduction of citizens of Argentina in nature would cause huge diplomatic disputes. Kidnapped agents, in particular, are very dangerous and are likely to be arrested or even executed as spies. However, Gurion thought this approach was the best. Eichmann needed to be tried and executed in public by Israel.
Argentina, on the other hand, is shielding the murderer, and international public opinion will side with Israel.
As a result, the Mossad dispatched 11 elite agents to carry out this task.
On May 11, 1960, seven agents waited for the rabbit and prepared to capture Eichmann.
Eichmann had just walked near his home after work when he was knocked down by several agents, and a pistol with a silencer pressed against his head. One of the agents put his hand in his mouth to prevent Eichmann from committing suicide by asking the cyanide capsule. Of course, Eichmann didn't have that in his mouth.
Subsequently, 2 agents dragged him into a nearby car, which sped away. Before and after the arrest, there is only 2 minutes.
Eichmann was imprisoned in a secret room and guarded to prevent him from committing suicide or escaping. From the beginning to the end, Eichmann did not resist at all.
Eichmann was too docile and even cowardly, and the agents once thought they had caught the wrong person.
Nine days later, Eichmann was injected with an anesthetic, put on the uniform of ELN and towed onto the ELN Brittania jet.
Under international law, the departure of these airline personnel from Argentina is not subject to customs clearance.
During this time, there was still a mess: an Argentine customs inspector happened to walk by the plane: "I saw them helping a colleague on the plane, and the patient wanted to say something to me, but did not say anything." ”
On the afternoon of May 23, 1960, at exactly 4 o'clock Jerusalem time, Israeli Prime Minister Ben Gurion announced to his countrymen: "Today, I would like to solemnly announce to you that the Israeli state security organs have captured Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann. The crime is so evil that it is difficult to read. He bore the same guilt as other Nazi leaders for what he called the "final solution to the Jewish problem," the heinous crime of the exterminating killing of 6 million Jews living in Europe. Adolf Eichmann is currently being held in An Israeli prison and will soon be brought to trial in an Israeli court under the 1950 law punishing the Nazis and their collaborators...
In April 1961, Eichmann began trial and was charged with 16 crimes including crimes against humanity.
In May 1962, 17 years after Eichmann had fled, he was sent to the gallows.
It is also the only execution that has ever been carried out in Israel.
Israel has shown with facts that what is called "though far away will be condemned" is not an empty mouthpiece.
statement:
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