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Comrade Dong Zhentang, commander of the Fifth Army Corps of the Red Army, Chen Yun
02 Comrade Dong Zhentang who started the incident in Ningdu
The meticulous planning of his move, and all the arrangements for transporting all the rear and additional baggage into Ningbu and so on, really surprised Chiang Kai-shek and Sun Lianzhong's dreams. Therefore, on the day of the incident, Sun Lianzhong was still in Fuzhou as a commander. At the beginning of the incident, Ji Zhentong (commander of the pistol brigade) and others saw that the general trend had gone, so they also agreed. At that time, Comrades Zhao and Dong Er invited all officials above the regiment commander to the banquet in the name of a banquet at the brigade headquarters. Many regiment commanders had already heard of some of them, and some of them had nothing to hearof, but Brigade Commander Dong was the most faithful person in the whole army, so they all went to the banquet. By the third round, the special forces of Brigade Commander Dong's Journey Department (all of whom were already secret communists) had surrounded them on all sides. Except for a few regiment commanders, the rest of the officers and assistants were very excited after Comrades Dong and Zhao made a speech on the impromptu appearance of several national crises, Chiang Kai-shek's surrender to Japan, and the fact that soldiers should take it as their duty to protect the country and defend the people, and should immediately unite with the Red Army and jointly resist Japan. At the same time, Comrade Dong Zhentang's 73rd Brigade (the most effective of the 26th Route Army) had surrounded the division headquarters, detained the commander of the 27th Division, Li Zhi, and occupied the radio stations of the whole army. Within a few hours, the whole army had settled.
★ The former site of the Ningdu Uprising Headquarters
On December 15, when the whole army marched out of Ningdu City and marched to the Soviet area in the southeast direction, the local tyrants and inferior gentry of Ningdu City and the unknown incident people all left the city with the army. Comrade Liu Bojian, who had been famous everywhere in the Northwest Army and had now died several miles out of the city, led the First Division of the Red Army in the Soviet District and tens of thousands of people in the Soviet District to carry flags and cheer and welcome them on the side of the road. The 26th Route Army saw that Comrade Liu Bojian, just like the family members, the officers and men were all elated, and at this time, the local tyrants and inferior gentry who did not know the current affairs and went out of the city with the army had already flown out of the sky and had no choice but to escape.
When Comrade Dong Zhentang entered Ruijin from Ningdu and reported to the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission on the course of the Ningdu Incident under his leadership, he immediately gave the Party and the Central Military Commission all the salary of 35,000 yuan that he had accumulated over the past few decades in his luggage (which was later accepted by the Military Commission and fully comforted the officers and men of the Fifth Army Corps reorganized from the 26th Route Army). He said, "I have been an officer for decades, and I have never deducted a penny of military salaries with the will to save the country and the people, and I have often used my own salary to help my subordinates who are in urgent need. I don't ask about tobacco or alcohol, and I've never gambled. Others must have a small kitchen when they are regimental and brigade elders, and I have always eaten and slept with the soldiers, until I was promoted to brigade commander, and then I booked a family meal of 12 yuan and a month when I was stationed in the army. I am now a member of the Communist Party, and everything I have belongs to the Party, so I will hand over all the several thousand yuan I have accumulated over the past few decades to the Party as the military expenses of the revolutionary army. ”
The existence of Comrade Dong Zhentang in our Communist Party is precisely what we can be proud of. We have such Comrade Dong Zhentang, who does not envy high-ranking officials and lords and vows to work hard to save the country and defend the people, and we have such Comrade Dong Zhentang, who does not take into account personal interests and subordinates all personal interests to the party, precisely shows that only the Communist Party of China can have such a great personality, and only the Communist Party of China, which is rich in such people, can be the leader of the Chinese people.
★ Dong Zhentang Deeds Exhibition Hall, Xinhe County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province
(To be continued)
(This article is a historical material about the life of Dong Zhentang that was first published in the Party Documents (No. 1, 1993) based on the original archives of the former CCP delegation to the Comintern in the Central Archives. After research, the author of this article was written by Comrade Chen Yun in May 1936 during his work in the CPC delegation to the Communist International. )
Chen Yun
Chen Yun (1905-1995) was a native of Qingpu, Jiangsu Province (now part of Shanghai). He was a great proletarian revolutionary and statesman, an outstanding Marxist, one of the founders and founders of China's socialist economic construction, an outstanding leader of the party and the state who had been tested for a long time, and an important member of the party's first-generation central leadership collective with Comrade Mao Zedong as the core and the party's second-generation central leadership collective with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the core. In 1934, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau and Standing Committee of the Central Committee at the Fifth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and then participated in the Long March, serving as a representative of the Central Committee in the Red Fifth Army Corps, which was responsible for the rearguard of the whole army.
01
May 3, 1932
Newspapers and periodicals in Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Shantou said: "When the Red Army entered Zhang, there was a great earthquake along the coast, and more than 100,000 people fled from Zhangzhou and Quanzhou, and it was rumored that the Red Army wanted to attack Fuzhou. The Hong Kong newspaper said: "The Red Army wants to enter Chaoshan, and the imperialist warships have gathered 28 ships in Xiamen" and "Zhang Zhen still has more than 4,000 people left, and half of them have guns."
The general subordinate team of the Red 5th Army Corps garrisoned Longyan City, and the Red 13th Army garrisoned the Moderate, Xialao, and Xiaochi to ensure transportation and transport a large number of booty and military supplies to the Central Soviet District.
The Red 3rd Army garrisoned Zhangpu, helped the southern Fujian guerrillas to form a temporary independent brigade of the Red Army, and expanded the Jinghepu revolutionary base area.
The 15th Army of the Red Army continued to crack down on local tyrant militias and raise funds and materials in Tianbao, Nanjing, Baolin, Longshan, Jinshan, Shuichao, Shancheng, and Xiaoxi; the 133rd Regiment of the 45th Division peacefully practiced and studied with the Red Army guerrillas.
The Red 14th Army cleared out the remnants of bandits in southern Jiangxi and western Fujian and swept away the enemy's occupied points.
★ The wall mark written by the Red 15th Army in the Chen ancestral hall in Feng'an Village, Nanjing: The peasants rose up to carry out the agrarian revolution
02
May 3, 1933
The Red 5th Army Corps garrisoned Fuzhang. In order to reduce the target here, the main force of the Red 39th Division moved to Xianxi. The Political Department of the Red School brought Chen Bojun a letter and a second-class disability certificate issued by the Central Military Commission's Pension Committee.
03
May 3, 1934
The 13th Red Division, the 3rd Red Army, the 23rd Division, and the 4th Independent Regiment were organized into a central group, and from the enemy to Shuinan, Zhushiping, Bakou Bridge, Laifang, Langjun Bridge, and Daling Line, they thoroughly cleared the masses and assets and destroyed the roads and bridges of Bakou Bridge in the above-mentioned areas.
The Red 13th Division garrisoned Dongping. Convene a health work meeting to discuss the precautions for health work and the general policy for future health work. The supplementary battalion of the 14th Division allocated by the Central Military Commission has arrived, with about 350 personnel and more than 260 guns, which have been distributed to various regiments and companies. In the evening, the headquarters held a meeting to listen to reports on the work inspections of the 37th and 39th regiments.
The 34th and 15th Divisions of the Red Army were stationed in Snow Mountain to defend and block the Tang Enbo column. The 34th Division has 472 personnel and 127 guns directly under the division...... 100 regiments with 538 personnel and 281 guns...... The 101st Regiment had 583 personnel and 304 guns...... 102 regiment personnel 573 people, 335 guns ...
★ Jianning Snow Mountain Gu Blocking Battle Red Army Trench Site
04
May 3, 1935
The Central Revolutionary Military Commission telegraphed the regiment: On the 4th of tomorrow, it should advance to Erdaohe (Licha Village), and its rear guard battalion should control the mountainous area south of Longhaitang to build field fortifications, conduct guerrilla reconnaissance in the direction of Tuanjie and Tongluquan, destroy the road, and delay the enemy's advance.
Chiang Kai-shek found out from the reconnaissance report of the air force that the Red Army's crossing point was the Kyaukpyeong Ferry. However, Xue Yue's main force had already advanced in the direction of Yuanmou, and only Wan Yaohuang's 13th Division was closest to Kyaukpingdu, so he ordered Wan Yaohuang to lead his troops to pursue with all his might, and at the same time ordered Zhou Hunyuan and Wu Qiwei's columns to quickly move closer to Wan Yaohuang's division. Wan Yaohuang's division arrived at Tuanjie, continued to advance northward, and soon made contact with the Red 5th Army Corps covering behind the palace near Shibanhe Village, Luquan County, and started a fierce battle.
The Red 5th Army Corps set out from Xiaocang Street, passed through Da and Xiao Lu Zuo, and Da and Xiao Lu to Tuan Street, and held the favorable terrain all the way, resisted step by step, and covered the main force to advance towards the Jinsha River. and took advantage of the lone army of Wan Yaohuang's division to launch a counterattack and defeat the vanguard of the division. The Military Commissar allocated 6,000 rounds of rifle ammunition to the Red 5 Corps.
As soon as Wan Yaohuang was counterattacked by our 5th Army Corps, he immediately withdrew the whole division to Tuanjie and held on, but sent a report to Chiang Kai-shek, falsely claiming that no trace of the Red Army had been found on the way forward.
At dusk, the cadres suddenly appeared at the Kyaukping ferry on the bank of the Jinsha River, and quickly took control of the south bank ferry and seized 2 wooden boats. Song Renqiang, the regimental political commissar who commanded the avant-garde company, immediately ordered the company commander Xiao Yingtang to lead the 1st platoon and the 2nd platoon to cross the river by boat, eliminate the 1st company of the Chuankang Frontier Army and the 1st Jiangfang Brigade defending the enemy on the opposite bank, seize the commanding heights on the riverbank, and control the ferry. Liu Bocheng, who had already rushed to the ferry port on the south bank, immediately ordered the regiment commander Chen Geng to lead the 2nd battalion of the cadre regiment to cross the river, quickly develop in depth, and seize Tong'an Prefecture.
★ The former site of the Red Army headquarters on Tuan Street, Luquan County, Yunnan
05
May 3, 1936
The 2nd and 6th Red Army Corps, which arrived in Zhongdian, used correct policies, strict discipline, and enthusiasm and sincerity in dealing with the Tibetans to dispel the misgivings of the local Tibetans and the monks of the Naturalized Monastery, who were willing to help the Red Army pass through the Tibetan areas smoothly. All 17,000 commanders and fighters of the Red 2nd and 6th Army Corps all crossed the Haba Snow Mountain.
The Red 5th Army was stationed in the area of Suijing and the Guanyin River, and the 37th Regiment and the 31st Army were on guard on the front line from Yak to Danba.
★ Today (December 20) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "Shedding the Last Drop of Blood for the Soviet Republic"
★ Today (December 19) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "Liping: The Starting Point of the Great Turning Point"
★ Today (October 10) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "Huining Division"
★ Today's (September 27) short video of the Red Fifth Army "Bangluo Conference"
★ Today (September 8) of the Red Fifth Army short video "Brazil Conference"
★ Today's (August 19) short video of the Red Fifth Army "Shawo Meeting"
★ Today (August 5) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "The Establishment of the International Division of the Young Communist Party"
★ Today (August 3rd) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "Xia Tao Battle Plan"
★ Today (July 27) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "The Long March of the Red Army in Heishui Climbs the Most Snowy Mountains"
★ Today's (July 21) short video of the Red Fifth Army "Luhua Conference"
★ Today (July 14) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "Mao Gong Joins the Division and the Two Armies Celebrate Together"
★ Today's (June 26) short video of the Red Fifth Army "Two Estuaries Conference"
★ Today (June 12) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "The Red Army Climbs Over Jiajin Mountain"
★ Today (June 8) of the Red Fifth Army Corps' short video "Red Army East Road Officers' Zhuang Meeting"
★ Today's (May 29) short video of the Red Fifth Army "Luding: Dadu Bridge Crossing the Iron Cable"
★ Today (May 22) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "Asbestos: The Red Army's Victory Field"
★ Today (May 22) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "Xichang: The Place First Proposed by the Long March"
★ Today (May 12) of the Red Fifth Army Short Video "Huili: The First County of the Red Army Entering Sichuan"
★ Today's (May 9) short video of the Red Fifth Army "Tieliu Defender Casting the Defense Line"
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(Red Fifth Army Research Society)