The price of cabbage is resold in black soil
In the black soil of the Northeast, a special group of merchants wanders. They often buy black land at a price of 6,000-7,000 yuan per mu. Since these prices far exceed the income of farmers from farming, many farmers readily agree to it.
So what did these merchants buy the land for, and what cash crops did they want to grow on it?
In fact, judging from the situation in recent years, they did not buy the black soil for cultivation, but directly dug up the soil and sold it.
During this time, merchants would send a large number of excavators to dig in the earth. After digging it out, it is processed and packaged, and finally put it on the Internet to sell, about 4 yuan a catty.
Many buyers buy black soil and use it directly as fertilizer. After all, the soil quality of the black soil is really good, and when a sack goes down, the watered crops grow directly upward. In this way, a huge black soil trafficking craze began to rise.
Although those businessmen made a lot of money, they suffered from the black soil of Northeast China. According to current statistics, the area of soil erosion in the black soil area of Northeast China has reached 40,000 square kilometers, accounting for 26.3% of the total area.
Due to the severe loss of black soil, the local police have also carried out a large number of arrests.
For example, in the first half of 2021, the Heilongjiang police cracked down on cases of illegal mining of black soil. In one fell swoop, 44 suspects were arrested, and a number of illegal mining dens were blocked. It can be seen how bad the black soil piracy was at that time.
Speaking of which, many people may ask, why is it illegal to dig up soil and sell it?
Strictly speaking, the status of black soil in the soil is almost the same as gold. Today, there are four large black soil regions in the world, the first of which is the Great Plain of Ukraine.
The black soil of the Great Plain of Ukraine covers an area of 1.9 million square kilometers, which is larger than the area of Xinjiang Province on the mainland. Because of the abundant soil, Ukraine has also become a big granary of Europe.
As soon as the Russian-Ukrainian war broke out, food in Europe was immediately tightened. It can be seen how important Ukraine is in the grain sector in Europe.
One tael of soil and two taels of oil
The second is the Mississippi River Basin in the United States. The area of black soil here has reached 1.2 million square kilometers. Relying on these fertile black soils, the United States once achieved the world's largest grain export.
As for this third piece of black soil, it is the Pampas savannah of South America. It has 760,000 square kilometers of black soil, which feeds hundreds of millions of people in South America.
The black soil of the mainland is located in the Heilongjiang and Jilin areas in the northeast, covering an area of 1.03 million square kilometers. Because the thickness of the local black soil layer is 30-100 cm, people also use "one or two soil and two oil" to describe its fertility.
Relying on this rich black land, the Northeast once became the Great Northern Wilderness and became the Great Northern Warehouse. As much as 225-25 billion kilograms of commercial grain are produced every year.
It can be said that the northeast has now become a hole card of the mainland in the field of grain. As long as the granary of the Northeast does not fall, other countries will not be able to use grain to choke our necks.
After understanding the distribution of black soil in the world, let's understand why black soil is so expensive.
From the perspective of material nutrition, the organic matter content of black soil has reached more than 10 times that of loess. That's why it's black.
These black soils contain a lot of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and other mineral elements. Moreover, the water retention of the soil is particularly good, which is extremely conducive to plant absorption. It is currently the most fertile soil for farming.
How did such a fine black soil come into being?
According to the analysis of scientists, hundreds of years ago, a large number of plants in the Northeast region died in late autumn, and countless branches and leaves withered and piled up on the ground. Over time, a thick layer of "plant corpses" is formed.
During the long, cold winters, the remains of the plants are covered with goose feathers and snow. These heavy snowfalls completely inhibit the activity of microorganisms, in which case the remains of the plants cannot be decomposed by decay.
1-2 cubic meters of black soil are lost every year
In the years that followed, with the increase of organic matter year by year, the humus also thickened year by year. Over time, the black soil was formed.
Of course, because the accumulation of this humus is extremely slow. Therefore, it takes 200-400 years for every 1 cm of black soil to be generated. It can be seen how difficult it is to breed black soil.
Nowadays, with the frequent occurrence of poaching of black soil, the black soil has been permanently damaged. One of the biggest injuries is soil erosion.
According to the researchers' analysis, the black soil layer in Northeast China is now being lost at a rate of 1 cm per year. The total amount of black soil lost every year has reached 1-200 million cubic meters. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients that run away alone are equivalent to millions of tons of chemical fertilizer.
Judging from the current situation, the organic matter content of the soil in the black soil of Northeast China has decreased by 2/3 compared with that before reclamation, and the phenomenon of salinization and compaction is also very serious, and in some places even the parent material of loess is exposed.
In this case, the soil gradually loses its productivity.
The most important thing is that the loss of black soil is completely different from the loss of loess. The loss of loess is only to thin the soil layer, and after thinning, some crops can still grow on the loess.
But once the black soil is lost, there will be no grass on it, and it is not easy to use any chemical fertilizer. After all, when the best nutrients are gone, how can plants grow?
According to the calculations of relevant experts, if the existing cultivated land in the black soil is lost in another 40 to 50 years, the soil layer will disappear completely. At that time, there will be no black soil in the Northeast.
In addition, experts also said that if we do not pay close attention to prevention and control, "black soil" may become a term in the history books. It can be seen how precarious the current situation of the black soil is.
Of course, as the relevant departments begin to intervene in the protection of the black soil, it is believed that this soil gold will be preserved after all. After all, the people take food as the sky, and food as the soil. If these lands are lost, famine is not far off.
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