1. Do a good job of income and expenditure analysis
In the event of an on-site visa event, it is best to do a simple cost combing before declaring, how much is the estimated income, and how much is the expected expenditure?
In the process of sorting out the estimated expenditure, you need to look through the subcontract, there is a unit price in the contract for reference, there is no unit price for the project or the project is not within the scope of the existing subcontract, you need to preliminarily negotiate with the subcontract, and some of the sub-items or expenses of the package, we have not considered, the other party will be more comprehensive.
In the process of sorting out income, it is necessary to carry out a preliminary group price, and at the same time, the process of judging and thinking about the list of contracts and quota items. We must not do money-losing business, and we can't cover the subordinates, so why do we do it? The middleman of the general contracting management model earns the difference, and there must be a profit point to reflect.
2. The entries are clear and the points are clear
First of all, in simple and clear language, explain clearly the cause of what happened to the on-site visa.
For the work content generated by the event, one by one, numbered, each is a target list subheading, the description of each article should have a strong directionality, pointing to a list of sub-items in the contract (the project name is exactly the same as the contract list, and the core project characteristics are clearly described) or a sub-item or sub-item set in the quota (referring to some sub-items will have derivative sub-items, such as the fine stone concrete screed has a foundation thickness, and then there is a sub-item of increasing and decreasing), to avoid disputes over the set of items!
For example, after a project enters the site, within a range of more than 40,000 square meters, the concrete pavement on the site is broken, and one of the garbage is cleared: 380.15m3 of garbage is transported abroad, which is incomplete and unclear, and will cause ambiguity in the subsequent settlement;
It is proposed to be amended to read:
1. Manually use a trolley to pile the concrete slag to the designated place on site, with an average transportation distance of **m, totaling 380.15m3;
2. Loading of transfer machines, dump trucks transport garbage transport distance **m, total 380.15m3;
3.垃圾消纳380.15m3
It is a principle that any professional who has not been on site can smoothly assemble a price through the contract list or quota items without consulting the parties.
3. Avoid secondary measurement
For complex on-site visas, it is necessary to attach a draft of the calculations, and the complete measurement results are followed by each item that is simple to measure.
For example, the description of Example 2 visa is as follows: mechanical breaking of concrete road, thickness 200mm, width 4m, length 475.19m;
It is recommended to modify it as: PC200 excavator for crushing hammer machinery to break the concrete road, thickness 200mm, width 4m, length 475.19m, total: 380.15m3.
It is even possible to attach a calculation process, such as:
4. Improve the chain of on-site photos and evidence
The evidence chain is sufficient, there are instructions attached to the instructions, and design changes are attached to the design changes; try to attach the original appearance of the site before construction, as well as the photos after completion, and the owner needs to stand next to the supervision of the on-site receiver on behalf of the owner, you can consciously take a few photos of the receiver, and the current watermark camera APP is very good and can be used.
Special Reminder:
1. If the number of photos is insufficient, you can refer to similar projects to meet the review needs of Party A, and pay attention to the angle of taking photos
2. The receiver should try to use a non-standard ruler (a certain fish, a certain treasure is available), the actual is 1.5m, and the receiver is 1.8m
3. The use of PS software is essential
5. Round to zero
Just like the "zero integer ratio coefficient" of the car (the ratio of the sum of the price of all the loaded parts of the whole vehicle to the sales price of the whole vehicle), the zero integer ratio of some cars is as high as 1:6, as much as possible to disassemble the list of items or sub-items, the more the merrier, so to apply for each visa to study the contract list, the quota sub-items, need to think carefully. For example, the above "garbage transportation", after scrutiny, can be split into multiple items.
6. Have a reverse mindset
You can think from the standpoint of auditing, carry out reverse thinking, and be audited for what reason to reduce it? Knowing it with emotion, moving it with reason, leaving enough room for auditing and reducing the surplus space, giving the audit face and status, and at the critical time, you can directly "showdown" and "play the emotional card", such as "a certain president, our cost is **10,000, if you judge like this, we can't do it, then I will let the workers smash it", "sister, don't do this, in this case, our leaders will scold me to death." ”
7. Timeliness
The on-site visa should be handled in a timely manner, and some project owners do not sign or require to be delayed until the settlement to be dealt with together, but the work of the on-site visa cannot be delayed to the end for this reason, and the other party does not sign or not has little to do with the visa, and avoid writing memoirs!
8. If you can sign the price, try to sign the price
If you can sign the price, try to sign the price. Reference cost appraisal specification: GBT51262-2017 "Construction Project Cost Appraisal Specification" for visa disposal methods:
5.9 Appraisal of engineering visa disputes
5.9.1 In the event of a dispute between the parties due to the cost of the project visa, the appraiser shall conduct the appraisal in accordance with the following provisions:
1. If the visa specifies the number of labor, materials, machinery shifts and their prices, they shall be calculated according to the number and price of the visa;
2. If the visa only has the number of workers and no labor unit price, the labor unit price shall be calculated according to the technical requirements of the work and the corresponding project labor unit price of the appraisal project;
3. If the visa only has the amount of materials and machinery and has no price, the price of the materials and the class shall be calculated according to the price of the corresponding engineering materials and the class of the appraisal project;
4. If the visa only has the total price but no detailed statement, it will be calculated according to the total price;
5. If the number of sporadic projects in the visa is inconsistent with the actual number of projects that should be completed, it shall be calculated according to the actual number of projects completed.
"General Principles for Grasping Engineering Visas"
1. The filling in of the visa involving fees should be conducive to pricing and settlement. Please note the following contents under different pricing modes:
(1) If there is a visa settlement agreement, the content should be consistent with the valuation caliber agreed in the agreement;
(2) If there is no visa agreement, the valuation shall be based on the terms of the original contract or the valuation method with reference to the original agreement.
(3) The method of visa should be handled around the calculation rules of the pricing basis (such as the quota) as much as possible.
2. The content of various contract types of visas
(1) The adjustable price contract must be signed at least in quantity;
(2) The fixed unit price contract must at least sign the amount and unit price;
(3) The fixed total price contract must be signed at least the quantity, price and fee;
(4) The cost plus remuneration contract should be at least signed in the work, materials (material specifications should be indicated), machine (mechanical shifts with labor problems), fees;
(5) If you can attach a drawing, try to attach a drawing, and do the project "look at the drawing and speak".
(6) The visa should also indicate the pre-tax cost or after-tax cost to avoid disputes caused by unclear expressions.
《Priority for Visa Filling》
1. If you can directly sign the total price, it is best not to sign the unit price, consult and Party A, and generally do not allow this way.
2. If you can directly sign the unit price, it is best not to sign the project quantity;
3. If you can directly sign the results (including the direct signing of the engineering quantity), it is best not to sign the facts;
4. It is best not to attach drawings in the form of words;
5. Other fields that need to be filled
Mainly: when, where, why, work content, organizational design (manpower, machinery), engineering quantity (quantity and calculation formula, if necessary, drawings), whether there is a supply of materials, visa description requirements are objective and accurate, concealment visa should be based on drawings, indicating the concealed parts, projects and processes, and quality completion. If the quantity of the concealed part is uncertain on the drawing, the geometric size should be indicated, and a sketch drawing should be attached, and the on-site visa outside the construction must indicate the time, place, reason, geometric size or original data, and the quantity and cost of the project cannot be endorsed in general. After the visa occurs, it should be processed in a timely manner according to the provisions of the contract, and the review should strictly implement the national quota and relevant regulations.
How to deal with Party A's refusal
1. Analysis from the perspective of professional rationality
1. Before preparing the visa, you should first familiarize yourself with the relevant provisions of the contract and develop the visa reasons for the key issues. At the same time, you should state the reasons and list the contents of the visa from the perspective of the other party, so that it is easy to obtain the visa, and the visa holder feels that he does not have to take risks, only in this way will the other party easily accept the visa, otherwise, the other party will be unwilling to accept and refuse the visa.
2. If the other party deliberately refuses to sign unreasonably, in practice, it can be sent to Party A in the form of sending and receiving documents (calling general staff to handle it). There is no need to force Party A to sign on the visa form, only need to sign on the text of the sending and receiving, so that you can prove that you have received our document, even if Party A does not sign the visa form, beyond the statutory time, the visa will automatically take effect.
3. The content of the engineering visa should be as detailed as possible, including the reason for the visa (including the number of the cited materials), location, size, quantity, date, materials used, settlement method, settlement unit price, etc., and the original information of the visa must be attached after the visa form, such as technical approval order, design change, owner contact form, etc., otherwise Party A may not grant the visa.
2. Analysis from the perspective of non-professional sensibility
1. Don't dare to sign
This situation needs to be analyzed according to the actual situation on the spot, is Party A's management personnel derelict in their responsibilities, wrong instructions, dare not bear the corresponding economic responsibility, there are internal assessment indicators, etc., we must stand in Party A's perspective to think about the problem, to give others convenience is to give their own convenience, this kind of visa is not counted this time, next time can you make up for it from other places? Chat with Party A more, accompany Party A around in circles, and understand Party A's most real ideas in an all-round way.
2. I don't want to sign
There is power, ability, and basis, and it is possible to sign and confirm, but it is to shirk for various reasons, such as often being busy and not having time, repeatedly returning materials, sending one time to find faults, and so on.
In most cases, there is only one reason, that is, "the benefits have not been distributed," there are fewer banquets, there are not enough gifts, and the relationships are not in place?
"Precautions for Filling in Engineering Visa"
1. Organizational measures
For on-site visas, the following points should be taken care of:
1. The on-site visa must be signed by the representatives of all parties (owners, supervisors, construction, etc.), and the visa form shall be retained by each of the construction entities of several parties, and the owner shall hand it over to the audit unit in person during settlement, and the visa form shall be numbered consecutively.
2. The content, quantity, project, reason, location, date, settlement method, and settlement unit price of the on-site visa should be clear.
3. The on-site visa must be timely, and do not delay until the settlement before re-applying. For some major on-site changes, photos or videos should also be taken in time to preserve the first-hand original materials.
2. Technical measures
The technical measures are multifaceted, and the main focus is on the following links:
1. The on-site visa should be clear and unambiguous, otherwise it will leave hidden dangers for settlement.
For visas for increases or decreases in the amount of work, the specific data should be clear and clear, the cost of measures incurred is outside the scope of the construction unit, and the visa should be kept as evidence, and the project risks incurred are not within the scope of the contractor's consideration, and the records should be made.
2. Concealed engineering links.
In the process of implementing the construction organization design and construction plan control, it is especially necessary to do a good job of signing and recognizing the amount of concealed engineering. The concealed project visa refers to the part of the project that will be covered after the completion of construction. If this type of visa information is missing, it will be difficult to complete the settlement. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the following aspects of record-keeping:
(1) Foundation pit soil change, material, depth, width record;
(2) The depth of hole pile core filling, (3) The record of foundation groove excavation and groove inspection, etc., the visa must be true and timely, and cannot be re-signed afterwards. 3. Economic measures During the construction of the project, due to site changes, owners' requirements, environmental changes, etc., various types of visas that may cause a difference between the actual cost of the project and the contract cost. It mainly includes the owner's breach of contract, project changes caused by non-contractor reasons, changes in the project environment, contract defects, etc. Because of the wide range of projects and the complexity of the projects, it is necessary to effectively grasp the relevant quotas and document regulations, and in particular, to strictly control the scope and content of visas.
3. Visas related to compensation for construction delays.
According to the principle of claim procedure, review the conditions for the establishment of the claim, clarify the responsibility, recognize the reasonable claim, supervise the visa, and the owner approves it.
4. The visa of the unit price of materials is one of the important factors affecting the cost of the project.
When applying for a visa with the unit price of materials, attention should be paid to finding out which materials need to be applied for a visa and how to do it; whether the unit price of the materials for the visa includes the material procurement and storage fees, transportation costs should be indicated, so as to avoid repeated settlement when settling, and for the unit price of materials that need to be visaged, it is best for both parties to do market research together, and truthfully sign the name of the material, specification, manufacturer, unit price, time, etc.
4. Contractual measures
Contractual measures focus on the following points:
1. Strengthen the management of the contract when signing, if the main terms of the contract in the bidding documents, especially the description of the project settlement method or price adjustment method are not clear enough, it is recommended to clarify the following contents in the contract as far as possible:
(1) The principle of supplementation of missing items in the project;
(2) Principles and calculation methods of quantity adjustment;
(3) Principles and methods of material price adjustment;
(4) The content of risk prevention such as engineering insurance and performance guarantee;
(5) the principle and valuation method of comprehensive unit price adjustment;
(6) the principle and scope of the adjustment of the cost of the measure;
(7) The adjustment principle of the impact of the change of construction period on the comprehensive unit price, etc.;
2. In case of design changes or construction drawings are wrong, such as when the contractor has started, cutting or purchasing materials, this kind of visa only needs to sign the change project or amendment project, and the original drawings do not need to repeat the visa;
3. Downtime loss.
For the losses caused by the long-term shutdown caused by the owner's lack of funds, both parties shall visa the start and end dates of the shutdown in writing within the time specified in the contract, the actual number of days of on-site shutdown and the unit price of working days, the model, quantity, specification and unit price of the on-site shutdown machinery, etc. There is no provision for the quota, and how to define and compensate should be decided according to the actual conditions of different projects or with reference to the same type of quota and relevant regulations.