01
Excessive weight loss – anorexia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa is a common eating disorder in adolescent boys and girls, which is characterized by excessive weight loss due to deliberate dieting and weight loss.
The aesthetics of adolescent boys and girls are changing, influenced by the aesthetic concept of "thinness as beauty" in today's society, some boys and girls will go to extremes, thinking that skinny is beautiful, obviously they are already very thin, but they still feel fat, so that they are afraid when they hear "eat", anorexia, refusal to eat, resulting in a series of adverse consequences such as malnutrition, endocrine disorders, amenorrhea, and hair loss. Most patients can still maintain normal learning and living skills, but due to poor physical condition and excessive attention to weight, they are more likely to have poor mood and interpersonal problems.
The disease is mainly based on psychological treatment, and the most important thing is to establish a correct aesthetic of "health as beauty". In addition, it should be noted that patients often have clear mental factors before the occurrence of the disease, such as being ridiculed, or afraid of changes in body shape, or imitating an idol, or mistakenly attributing the problems encountered in interpersonal communication to their own "imperfect body type", which produces a wrong perception of body shape in various situations, resulting in the onset of the disease, so in the treatment, we should also pay attention to "prescribing the right medicine" to eliminate adverse psychological factors. For patients whose symptoms improve and who begin to resume eating, family members should encourage them to gradually establish normal eating habits.
In addition, drug therapy can be helpful for anorexia nervosa, and patients with very severe symptoms should be hospitalized if necessary. Patients with anorexia nervosa often have good results with treatment, but the recurrence rate of the disease is high, so long-term attention is required.
02
Lack of adjustment to further education – adjustment disorder
Adjustment disorder refers to the psychological pain, emotional disturbance, and behavioral changes due to an individual's difficulty adapting to a significant change in the living environment. Adolescent boys and girls have become rich and delicate in their feelings, but their coping skills have not reached the adult level, so they are more likely to be troubled. Typical predisposing factors include parental divorce, further education, school transfer, relocation, etc.
Patients with adjustment disorder may feel depressed, anxious, afraid, unable to adapt to the current situation, confused about the future, withdrawn from life, no longer pay attention to hygiene and work and rest routines, and may have problems with sleep and appetite. People are unable to fulfill their normal social roles, such as refusing to attend school, and may behave aggressively, antisocially.
The fundamental purpose of adjustment disorder treatment is to help patients improve their ability to cope. Psychotherapy can help patients deal with bad emotions, change patients' attitudes and cognitions of stressful events, improve patients' coping ability, and enable patients to recover their social functions and get back on track as soon as possible. For patients with severe anxiety and depression, anti-anxiety and antidepressant drugs can be used as adjunctive therapy to relieve symptoms.
03
Something "wrong" about the personality - personality disorder
Personality disorder refers to a person's personality that is obviously "abnormal", with some different mentality, way of thinking or behavior from ordinary people, even people of the same age, cultural background, and similar experiences cannot understand him, making it difficult for him to adapt to normal social life. People with personality disorders often feel distress but are unaware that they have a problem and attribute their pain to the outside world, but others can perceive it as "awkward" for the patient.
Personality disorders differ from mental disorders in that there is no obvious difference between "before the onset" and "after the onset", but rather a persistent and steady deviation from the norm, and bystanders will feel that the patient's personality is "wrong" from an early age, rather than "changing" after a certain period of time. Various results show that children who grow up in a bad environment are more likely to have such problems, such as bad behavior of their parents, inappropriate education methods, divorce of parents, and nurturing of bad partners and groups. Here are 5 types of personality disorders that are common among adolescent boys and girls.
● Paranoid personality disorder: "suspicious, hostile". Patients are stubborn, argumentative, sensitive and suspicious, always wary of others, often cold, taciturn, unwilling to make friends in interpersonal interactions, often have a tendency to litigate, and indulge in "revenge" for many years.
● Borderline personality disorder: "emotional, unstable". Patients have emotional ups and downs, often suddenly fall into intense anxiety or depression, often change behavior patterns and personal goals, often in drastic changes in interpersonal relationships, are prone to impulsivity, and have a tendency to profligate or self-harm.
● Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: "stereotyped, stubborn". Patients follow the rules, follow the rules, and pursue perfection, but lack flexibility, indecisiveness, stubbornness, unease with others, easy to anxiety, and often check and check repeatedly.
● Histrionic personality disorder: "exaggerated, self-centered". Patients have a strong desire for self-expression, like to be the center of attention, their emotions are sensitive and exaggerated, and they often attract the attention of others with uncontrolled emotions, exaggerated words and deeds, and even self-abuse.
● Anxious personality disorder: "nervous, scared". Patients are always nervous, nervous, anxious, overly sensitive, have a strong sense of insecurity and inferiority, are overly afraid of criticism and rejection, are afraid of building relationships with others, and avoid some normal social activities.
Of course, everyone's temperament, experience, and growth environment are different, and their personalities are also different, and there is no "hard boundary" to what extent the deviation of character can be regarded as an "obstacle"; Adolescent girls are in a critical period of personality growth, and should pay attention to establishing correct values and avoid becoming a pathological personality, otherwise the personality will stabilize in adulthood, and the treatment of personality disorders will be very difficult, and may become a hidden danger for the onset of mental disorders.
Source: Human Health Care
Editor: Pi Anqi (intern)