Every year, incidents of poisoning from picking wild mushrooms occur throughout the country. Media reports#Woman eating wild mushrooms hallucinations has been pulling the thread#, #男子吃野蘑菇拿银镯试毒进医院#, #昆明一女子吃菌中毒后产生幻觉#等相关热搜话题引来上亿网友围观.
According to news reports, most of them occurred in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangxi and other places.
How to identify wild poisonous mushrooms, what are the symptoms of poisoning, and what is the difference between poisonous mushrooms and ordinary mushrooms?
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How to identify wild poisonous mushrooms?
Mushrooms grown in the wild
The poisonous mushrooms in some wild mushrooms are similar to the edible mushrooms, and the identification requires professional knowledge and the help of certain instruments and equipment, which are difficult to distinguish only by the naked eye and according to the appearance characteristics such as shape, smell and color, and are easily poisoned by mistake.
In addition, because they are in the wild, non-poisonous mushrooms are often mixed with poisonous mushrooms, and non-poisonous mushrooms are easily contaminated by poisonous mushroom mycelium. Even some non-poisonous mushroom species that are epiphytic on poisonous plants can be contaminated with toxicity. Therefore, even if you eat a drug-free mushroom, there is still a risk of poisoning.
Wild mushrooms on the continent are widely distributed in forests, grasslands, plains, roadsides, etc. There are more than 36,000 varieties of mushrooms. There are more than 1,000 species of edible mushrooms, but there are also more than 480 species of poisonous mushrooms, of which there are more than 40 species of highly toxic and lethal mushrooms!
At present, there is no simple scientific method to identify whether wild mushrooms are poisonous or not, and according to the "experience" circulated among the people, there is no guarantee to avoid poisoning caused by accidentally picking and eating wild poisonous mushrooms.
Therefore, when you go on a spring outing outdoors, do not pick wild mushrooms, and do not buy wild mushrooms picked and sold by yourself.
For wild mushrooms sold in the market, you should not let your guard down, especially wild mushrooms that you have never eaten or do not know, and never eat them lightly.
Common poisonous mushrooms in the wild should be recognized
In order to let the public recognize the fungus more clearly and eat the fungus with confidence, the Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Fungal Diversity and Green Development jointly released the "Yunnan Common Toadstool (Poisonous Mushroom) 2022 Edition".
Part of the map of "Yunnan Common Toadstools (Poisonous Mushrooms) 2022 Edition".
The regulatory authorities issued a consumption reminder to try not to pick mushrooms in the wild
In order to prevent wild mushroom poisoning, local market supervision and administration bureaus have issued consumer tips for wild mushroom poisoning.
Producers and operators to achieve "three noes"
When processing and selling wild mushrooms, producers and operators should not collect, process, or operate unknown mushrooms, and ensure that poisonous mushrooms are not mixed into the processed and operated mushrooms. Otherwise, they will have to bear the corresponding economic and legal responsibilities.
Relevant units should warn of risks
According to the characteristics of poisoning by eating poisonous mushrooms in various places, combined with factors such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall, early warning and forecasting should be carried out before the mushroom maturity period, and risk warnings or consumption tips should be issued in a timely manner. In places where poisoning by poisonous mushrooms has occurred, it is advisable to erect warning signs with photos of poisonous mushrooms.
Mushroom food can only be purchased from regular supermarkets and farmers' markets, and the shopping voucher should be kept, and wild mushrooms should not be purchased at mobile stalls.
Once you have symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, irritability, hallucinations and other symptoms after eating wild mushrooms, you should immediately take a simple way to induce vomiting, call the 120 emergency number for treatment or go to a nearby hospital for treatment.
What should I do if I accidentally eat poisonous mushrooms?
Many netizens thought it was fun to see the hallucinations after eating mushrooms, and they actually wanted to try a wave of crooked thoughts, and the market supervision and management department reminded them not to underestimate poisonous mushrooms, there is no special antidote for poisonous mushroom poisoning, and the toxic components of wild mushrooms are complex, even if they are cooked, processed or dried, etc., their toxicity cannot be destroyed.
If you are in critical condition, you may die. If poisoning is suspected, keep the following tips in mind:
1. Induce vomiting or catharsis: induce vomiting as soon as possible when the poisoned person is conscious. Vomiting can be caused by picking at the throat with your fingers or pressing on the base of your tongue with an instrument (chopsticks, spoon, etc.). It can be repeated several times, and the stomach contents can be vomited out as much as possible to reduce the absorption of toxins and reduce the degree of poisoning. After vomiting, it is best for the patient to drink a small amount of salt and sugar water to replace the lost body fluids and prevent dehydration from causing shock. If the diarrhea is mild, a small amount of laxatives can be taken to speed up the elimination of toxins.
2. Seek medical attention immediately: After poisoning, you should immediately go to a regular hospital for treatment or call the 120 emergency number.
3. Keep a sample of poisonous mushrooms for the reference of professionals: it is best to take pictures of the mushrooms you eat and bring the remaining mushroom samples you eat.
Source: China Food Safety Network