The practice and experience of the spirit of nuclear submarines
Huang-zi-ping
Comrade You Ziping, former vice president of the Seventh Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Co., Ltd
Time flies, and 54 years have passed since the development and exploration of missile nuclear submarines began in 1958 (this article was written in 2012); It has been 47 years since 1965, when the nuclear submarine was officially developed for the second time; It has been 38 years since the first attack nuclear submarine was delivered and finalized; It has been 24 years since 1988, when the missile submarine was successfully tested for underwater launch of the full weapon system. Today, the mainland navy's nuclear submarine force has grown and expanded, a system has been formed for the scientific research, design, production, and supporting of nuclear submarines, and teaching, testing, training, and support work have been carried out in an all-round and orderly manner. The great course of the past few decades reflects the development trajectory of a cutting-edge nuclear armed force for maritime national defense from scratch, from small to large, and from weak to strong. This magnificent achievement was not easy to attain, and it is a glorious result of the cohesion and splendor of the whole party, the whole army, and all fronts throughout the country under the correct policy decision, strong leadership, and unified command of the party Central Committee, and in implementing the strategic principles of independence, self-reliance, vigorous coordination, arduous struggle, and courage to climb the ladder.
On May 19, 2007, "Meet in Beijing to Tell 09 Love" 09 old colleagues gathered in Beijing Ship System Engineering Department to take a photo, front row from left: Qiu Shimin, Huang Pingtao, You Ziping, Li Yuanlie, Wang Zuhui, Peng Shilu, Fan Yukang, Pu Xiwen, Zhang Jiarui, Jiang Yingdong, Ouyang Ruisheng, Wang Chuanen; Second row from left: Hu Zufang, Liu Chun, Cao Wei, Zheng Jufang, Hu Shicong, Shi Qihua, Ma Shuying, Qi Chunzhi, Sun Chang'e, Ma Chunxiang, Cen Xiujuan, Xu Qinxiu, Tai Jiamin, Tai Jialin, Hong Rong, Wei Benyin, Luo Jianming, Zhu Shaowen; 3rd row, from left: Sun Chengfu, Liu Yuqin, Li Ting, Ma Yintian, Huang Qinshi, Ma Gan, Cheng Xu'an, Lu Dengqiao, Xu Youyi, Deng Boyu, Zhang Tingfei, Liu Fangyuan, Zhao Xixiu, Gui Genting; Back row, from left: Zhu Li, Chen Guozhu, Lin Hexiong, Li Jiaqi, Wei Shubin, Huang Shilong, Lin Junqing, Huang Junhua, Yu Zhongxiang, Lu Hongbao, Liu Qun, Liu Guocheng, Cong Zhiyan, Shen Hongyuan.
Practice produces true knowledge, practice produces theory, and practice produces spirit. The great practice of nuclear submarine engineering in the past few decades has included the sweat, blood, wisdom, labor and energy of countless people, and even sacrificed their lives. Success will not be accidental, and the emergence of great achievements will inevitably embody a great spirit, and only with great spiritual power can it be transformed into great material power. Although the tens of millions of dedicated workers, technicians, and leading cadres have their own positions, situations, and ideas, and even have different opinions or views, or even big differences, in their work and life, the unity of goals and the direction of struggle does not hinder the unity of the spirit derived from practice, because this spirit is not the embodiment of one thing at a time, but can stand the test of time and the tempering of history, and can also become a guideline for later reference and guidance for action.
From a personal point of view, the entrepreneurial spirit of nuclear submarines can at least be regarded as a synthesis or intersection of five spirits, namely: patriotic spirit, scientific spirit, collaborative spirit, hard work spirit and dedication spirit
Patriotism
Regardless of the historical and ethical traditions of Chinese civilization or the glorious revolutionary traditions of our party, patriotism has always been the sacred soul and unshakable strong will of our Chinese people. "The great task descended from heaven", "taking the world as one's own responsibility", "the rise and fall of the country is the responsibility of the husband", "throwing the pen from Rong", "serving the country loyally", "smelling the chicken and dancing, hitting the middle stream", "the humble does not dare to forget the country", "the life and death of the country is profitable, how can it be avoided because of misfortune and fortune!" Wait a minute. They are all well-known and unforgettable mottos of the people. The background of the emergence of nuclear submarines is due to the need to break the nuclear threat and nuclear blackmail in the severe international environment of blockade by the West and constraints from the East. The broader historical background is that the mainland has been weak for a hundred years and has suffered greatly from imperialist aggression at sea, and out of firm belief in responding to the great call of "defending the motherland from imperialist aggression", "not being bullied by others", and "building a strong navy". It is also under the specific call of "nuclear submarines will be built in 10,000 years", out of a strong determination to work hard and be self-reliant. These patriotic souls and ideas have become a powerful driving force for promoting the pioneering and research of nuclear submarine engineering, and have also become a tremendous spiritual support force for overcoming countless hardships, overcoming thousands of difficulties and dangers, and winning victory in tackling key problems one after another. Why did a group of fledgling newborn calves dare to shoulder heavy burdens and face difficulties when there was no authority, no experience, no information, no foreign aid, and the foundation and conditions for research and development were extremely weak? Why did we not give in and bow our heads when we turned to the Soviet Union for help, encountered a wall and retreated to accept the technology transfer of the "24 Agreement", and the Soviet side betrayed its promises, tore up the agreement, withdrew experts, stopped the transfer, and caused a huge impact, but turned to anger and self-reliance?
Why do you dare to start from the ground and innovate from scratch without fear of setbacks and climb with difficulty under the extreme lack of scientific research and experimental facilities and many blank scientific research and technology fields? Why is it that when the "Cultural Revolution" turmoil is seriously broken, factional and vicious fighting, work is suspended, the project is regressed, and the team is scattered, a "special official letter" can arouse conscience, wake up from nightmares, regroup, resume work, catch up with progress, and strive to move forward? Why is it that when there is an evaporator accident in the warehouse, many people are desperate to deal with and repair it at the risk of absorbing the nuclear dose? Why is it that in the face of serious economic difficulties, lack of financial resources, and the unsustainable development of nuclear submarines, we work together and do everything possible to maintain the continuous line of the project and not dismantle the team? Why is it that when the work needs to be transferred to a place with poor conditions and many difficulties again and again, it is okay to give up the small self for the big self without asking the conditions and the price? Why is it that when life is difficult, when there is no food, eating chaff and vegetables, and the pain is constant, coupled with the political movement, in the face of heavy and arduous tasks, great difficulties can be overcome? All these all embody the fearless and enterprising spirit of patriotism, so they can unite as one and gather sand into a tower.
The spirit of science
Since its establishment, the General Research Institute of Nuclear Submarines has determined the guiding ideology of "starting with two theories and starting with three." The "Two Theories" are the "Theory of Contradiction" and the "Theory of Practice": analyzing and resolving contradictions from the opposition and unity of all things is the essence of "Theory of Contradictions"; Seeking truth from facts and bringing true knowledge through practice is the quintessence of the "Theory of Practice." Therefore, the "two theories" are philosophical ideas, that is, scientific ideas, and the "starting point of the two theories" is to establish the need to guide the overall work of the nuclear submarine project in a scientific spirit. The so-called "three starting points" were put forward in accordance with the actual situation of the new institute and the new team, as well as the actual conditions and background at the time of the development of nuclear submarines, that is, "starting with research, intelligence, and mastering nuclear knowledge."
Engaged in such a cutting-edge and complex giant systems engineering as nuclear submarines, with thousands of problems and thousands of troops, and by studying and applying the "two theories," we will be able to grasp the main contradictions and main aspects of the overall contradictions and contradictions. We will be able to treat all aspects of work with a scientific attitude, follow the law of scientific development, conform to the order of scientific development, be consistent with subjectivity and objectivity, proceed from reality in everything, and pass experiments in everything. On the long road of development of the nuclear submarine project, we have profoundly realized that the gains and losses, speed and slowness, and success or failure of every item and step all depend on this, and that if we act in accordance with the scientific spirit, we will go smoothly, and if we go against the scientific spirit, we will have setbacks.
On the question of what kind of development path and steps to take, the nuclear submarine project has involved this major strategic decision in scientific research since it was launched. The decision to first engage in torpedo attack nuclear submarines and then strategic nuclear submarines is a major and correct policy decision to follow in two steps. It is another major and correct scientific research decision to first concentrate on making breakthroughs in submarine nuclear power technology and solving the problem of whether nuclear submarines exist, and at the same time to carry out research and development of submarine-launched ballistic missiles to solve the problem of underwater launches, and then to develop ballistic missile nuclear submarines based on the attack type and embedding missile weapon systems.
In the selection of development paths, adopting the guiding ideology of "seeking the advanced on the basis of reality" and gradual progress in an orderly manner is a correct choice based on the reality of national conditions. Although the idea of rapidly catching up with and surpassing others and pursuing all-round advancement has always lingered and been debated, reality has taught us that being too ambitious, impatient and rash, and divorced from reality can only lead to the result of not being able to achieve the goal of speed. The second-generation nuclear submarine project took more than 20 years of argumentation before it was approved and launched, and although there are various other reasons, the delay in unifying the differences in scientific and technological routes is an important factor.
In the trade-off of the overall research and development plan, it is necessary to establish a viewpoint on the overall situation, the system and equipment must be subordinated to the whole, and the overall must take care of the system and equipment, and the two must achieve dialectical unity, with the formation of combat effectiveness as the common goal. Since the first nuclear submarine has made it clear that it wants to concentrate its efforts on making breakthroughs in nuclear power technology, some people believe that the plan of "33 products (successfully imitated conventional submarines) plus reactors" is in line with this policy, and ignores the needs of the overall performance and combat functions of torpedo attack nuclear submarines and the inherent requirements of system coordination, one-sidedly emphasizes the basis of reality, and discards the fundamental requirements of advanced innovation. We have persisted in the simultaneous research and development of new systems and equipment such as nuclear power and underwater acoustics, communications, inertial guidance, guided torpedoes, and atmospheric environment control, and at the same time have developed advanced boat types and structures that are suitable for long-term navigation operations under high speed and underwater, and have integrated the reality of the foundation with the pursuit of advancement, so as to ensure the overall advancement of the new boats and their feasibility.
In tackling key scientific and technological problems, we should give prominence to the necessity of scientific experiments, and refrain from fighting unprepared battles and uncertain battles. In order to make a breakthrough in nuclear power technology, a full-scale, full-simulated land mode device with three power compartments was developed. Two levers have also been formulated, that is, if the mode device does not reach the level of success of reactor start-up, the reactor shall not be installed on the real boat; If the operation of the mode device does not reach full power, the actual boat shall not be opened and started. In this way, the scientific process of the project is ensured to achieve the first success of the development. Premier Zhou Enlai instructed to do a good job in the five levels of "design, equipment installation, commissioning, operation and test", and put forward the requirements of "full preparation, meticulousness, foolproof, and success at one time".
Another example is that the underwater high-speed maneuverability of nuclear submarines is not possessed by conventional submarines, and it is related to the safety and combat mobility of the submarine, and it is necessary to ensure that nothing goes wrong and that safe maneuvering is guaranteed. To this end, in addition to carrying out various tank model experiments, it is also necessary to develop a computer-controlled high-speed turntable from scratch to simulate various working conditions and accident conditions involved in underwater high-speed maneuverability, and the crew with experience in submarine maneuvering will experience the actual handling on the turntable and give evaluation opinions. Before the first test of the first boat, Premier Zhou Enlai put forward the step-by-step scientific arrangement requirement of "the test is first wharf, water surface, shallow water, and then deep water, divided into four stages".
In dealing with scientific and technological issues, we must uphold a strict scientific attitude, and we must not leave anything to chance, let alone be false, and there are many positive and negative examples in this regard. The occurrence of the first evaporator leakage accident is completely caused by a lack of experience, which is not surprising, but then it happened again, which is a major lesson, indicating that the key technology has not been truly mastered, and the quality control is far from strict enough. On the other hand, the occurrence of the main pump sealing problem and its solution are positive examples. Another example is that foreign ballistic missile nuclear submarines are equipped with a stabilizing gyroscope weighing tens of tons and a huge volume in order to stabilize the attitude of the submarine when it is launched underwater. When we demonstrated the first missile submarine, we did not blindly copy it, but conducted careful study and analysis, and obtained a large amount of data through model pool tests, which proved that there was no need for equipping it, and we resolutely made the decision to cancel it.
Another example is that in the face of major scientific and technological problems, we must deal with them calmly, study them calmly, and not blindly follow authority or be arrogant. There were many microcracks in the thick plate of high-strength alloy steel used in the connection of the missile compartment and its welding surface, and opinions were divided for a while. We organized forces to study and test in many ways, hired experts to consult, and concluded that remedial measures could be taken without affecting the use and without major rework. On the eve of the launching of the boat, when the factory reported to the leaders of the State Council, the General Staff Department, the National Defense Science and Technology Commission and many other leaders who attended the launching ceremony that the preparations for launching were ready, some people pointed out that the problem of microcracks affected the safety of use and must be treated cautiously, causing suspicion at the venue. After our calm and objective analysis and report, it was recognized by all parties and finally entered the water safely. The fact that the boat has been in use for 30 years now justifies the scientific and technological judgment and measures taken at that time.
In the development of such a complex giant system as the nuclear submarine project, the scientific organization and division of labor in the development are also very important, and if they are not done well, it is easy for blind command and disruptive battles to occur. For example, at the beginning, the overall development of a complete boat was divided into three pressure-resistant chambers developed by one and the other four pressure-resistant chambers developed by another, so that they were restrained and restrained by each other, causing many contradictions. In terms of the division of labor between the overall nuclear power plant and the system equipment, there have also been many changes and iterations.
Synergy
The nuclear submarine project is an independent, self-reliant research and development of a giant system cutting-edge project, the content of cooperation is very extensive, many newly developed equipment and systems have high technical content, long cycles, and a large amount of collaborative workload, and its participating and supporting units involve thousands of systems throughout the country, and the complexity of cooperation, the heavy coordination, and the difficulties of coordination can be imagined. However, the first boat from the formation of the overall unit, the construction of the assembly plant, the demonstration of the overall plan, the first design drawing, the production of the first model, smelting, rolling the first steel plate, trial production of the first nuclear elements, from scratch to develop lasted only 9 years, in the middle of the "Cultural Revolution" serious impact and interference, the progress is not unfast. There are many reasons for its success, and there are many contents worth summarizing and reflecting, among them, the timely and effective coordination, the strong and powerful management, and the implementation of the guiding ideology of vigorous coordination are important factors for success.
First of all, it is necessary to mention the organizational structure as the premise and foundation of collaboration, one is the existence of the Seventh Research Institute, a large overall unit supporting Jackie Chan of the major; The first is the establishment of the "Nuclear Submarine Engineering Office" with centralized and unified management, strong authority, and convenient and fast decision-making and communication channels. The whole research and development process has formed a system engineering coordination system with the "Nuclear Submarine Engineering Office" as the main line of organization and management, the leading organs participating in the research as the front-line command, the small overall as the technical core, the large overall as the backbone, and the large supporting facilities as the complete support, so as to realize the efficient management of the system engineering.
Although the "nuclear submarine project" was launched in a hurry, the technology of imitating submarines and the achievements of their localization have prepared certain technical and organizational conditions for the development of nuclear submarines. The Seventh Academy, which was set up to independently complete the task of comprehensive imitation, was able to quickly turn to "taking nuclear submarines as the key link" and became the comprehensive support of the newly established nuclear submarine research and design units, constituting a solid overall research and development of nuclear submarine engineering. Most of the major supporting new research projects of the nuclear submarine project come from the institutes of the Seventh Academy, including: hydrodynamics and structural mechanics research and experiments; Part of the system equipment of the primary circuit; secondary circuit system main and auxiliary system equipment; guided torpedo weapon systems; underwater inertial navigation positioning system; automatic control system for submarines; mine weapons; main propulsion motor; missile underwater launchers; weapons command and control system equipment; active and passive underwater acoustic equipment; covert rapid communication equipment; astronomical navigation correction system; air control, regulation and purification system equipment; metallic and non-metallic materials and processes; anti-chemical equipment; intelligence information and so on. As a result, the Seventh Academy undertook the tasks of organization and leadership, technical coordination, resource allocation, team deployment, and scientific and technological management, that is, it undertook the coordinated command task of a considerable part of the nuclear submarine project. However, the trial production and manufacturing tasks of many of the above projects are handed over to the relevant industrial departments and local units, and the second-wheeled and third-wheeled supporting facilities require a wider range of coordinated command, and such an organization as the "Engineering Management Office" came into being from the needs of practice, and it began to be set up in the Seventh Academy, and then gradually upgraded with the development of needs, and was successively subordinate to the Sixth Machinery Department and the Navy, until it was directly led by the State Council and the Central Military Commission, and established its authority.
For the first nuclear submarine boat, the biggest collaborative task is the coordination and synchronization of the nuclear submarine as a whole and the nuclear power system, which is prominently reflected in the full simulation design of the nuclear power mode reactor device (Project 196) and the nuclear power plant of the nuclear submarine (Project 195). The two sets of designs must be synchronized and unified. Due to the controversy over the division of labor and the confusion caused by the "Cultural Revolution", it was difficult to complete the overall scheme and preliminary design of the first nuclear submarine in an all-round way. At the same time, the design of Project 196 could not really be completed, and it was impossible to ensure its full analogism. Under the organization and coordination of the superiors, and under the inspiration of the "Special Official Letter" of the State Council and the Central Military Commission, the presiding designer of nuclear power at that time gave up his previous suspicions, took into account the overall situation, withstood the pressure, carried forward the spirit of vigorous coordination, and resolutely led more than 100 designers to go to the Huludao General Institute for joint synchronous design, fully completed the construction design of Project 196 and the technical design of Project 195, solved the existing problems through consultation, solidified the technical state, and made the progress of the project a step forward in a chaotic environment. It played a major decisive role.
In the simultaneous development of the nuclear submarine and the "Julang-1", the spirit of vigorous coordination has also been demonstrated. In the course of the underwater launch test, after the failure of the test in 1985, it was necessary to change the launch scheme and adjust the launch parameters. From the point of view of reducing the workload of the entire modification, the launch device development department took the initiative to cooperate, bravely shouldered the heavy burden, took measures, and timely ensured the quality and quantity to promote the success of the final test.
The spirit of hard work
Diligence and thrift, building the country through diligence and thrift, hard work, and forging ahead are the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Under the historical conditions and the background of the times in the development and entrepreneurship of nuclear submarine engineering, the development of the spirit of arduous struggle has played an indelible impact and role in the successful development of nuclear submarines. When the nuclear submarine was launched, out of the needs of the state and national defense, the will of the state dominated the behavior of the state, but in fact the foundation for launching the submarine was weak, the resources were scarce, and the conditions were insufficient; to a large extent, the lack of material resources was made up for by spiritual strength, and in many respects it relied on the spirit of arduous struggle to overcome all difficulties and strive for victory.
In the establishment of institutions, the construction of scientific research facilities, and the placement of teams, we do not talk about conditions or prices, and we will go there when we go and settle down with peace of mind. An example can be taken in the case of the establishment of the General Office. Considering that the factories should be close to each other, the higher authorities stipulated that they should rely on the factories at designated points, so they raised hundreds of troops from all over the world and relocated or organized the relocation of Dalian, Shanghai, Beijing, and other cities with better conditions to small fishing villages on the shore of Bohai Bay. The sea breeze and salt spray blow here all year round, and it is difficult for trees to grow; Lack of social public facilities, inconvenient transportation, scarce services, special lack of water, limited supply, often one water for multiple purposes. When the institute was built, there was no ridge or house, and all that could be relied on was to borrow hundreds of square meters of old houses scattered from the factory to accommodate the work and life of employees and their families. However, the task is arduous and urgent, and we cannot wait for a while, so we can only resettle, build, research, design, cooperate, and strive for infrastructure and technical measures. Due to the fact that the financial resources were not rich at that time and the capital investment was limited, although it was said that "production first, then life", in fact, the investment in living security was lagging behind, and the demand for scientific research facilities could not be satisfied.
It is also difficult to tackle key problems in independent and self-reliant scientific research. The foundation is weak, the knowledge is insufficient, the means are scarce, the scarcity of reference, the lack of experience, coupled with the blockade and sanctions of foreign countries, some technologies often need to start from ABC. In order to ensure the high performance of nuclear submarines, basic research tests of hydrodynamics and structural mechanics are indispensable. To this end, it is first necessary to carry out the research, design, production and construction of scientific research facilities, instruments and methods, and complete the construction of the base. This not only consumed the painstaking efforts and energy of a large number of scientific researchers, but also the construction personnel, including the PLA soldiers who supported them, also fought day and night, bloodshed and sweat, and tried to ensure progress and quality. Many other supporting scientific research support projects for nuclear submarine projects, including the construction of the final assembly plant and the construction of the onshore model reactor base, are all the same, and some projects even sacrifice lives. Another example, when the precision scientific research means required for the development of some equipment cannot be obtained due to the constraints of conditions, they can only rely on the wisdom and skilled skills of old workers to manually replace precision machinery, and the processing of gyroscopes, the core components of inertial navigation, was completed in this way at the earliest.
Due to the lack of experience and practice, a lot of coordination work in the project, such as planning, technology, schedule, resources, division of labor, etc., is also a difficult process. Contacting up and down, communicating left and right, running everywhere, verbal confrontation, text exchange, referring to the underworld and white, time-consuming and time-consuming, all of which consumed a lot of energy and did a lot of false work.
The long-term hardship of living conditions caused by material scarcity is also a long-term test. The food ration is insufficient, and the supply of non-staple food is even more insufficient, and even eating bran and pharyngeal vegetables causes swelling and pain. The market is empty, and the necessities of life are forced to be solved by themselves, making utensils, cultivating land, collecting shellfish from the sea, feeding poultry and livestock, and so on.
Another kind of arduous test is the impact of the turmoil of the "Cultural Revolution" and the bad political environment created by the destruction, which caused great distress and suffering to individuals and collectives, especially the harm caused by factional struggles and even armed struggles. Many people endure criticism while persevering in their work; Some leaned over and squatted in the cowshed, not forgetting the work of nuclear submarines; Some were copied and beaten, insisting on protecting information and documents; Some go forward and follow, you "knock down", I relay, keep the work uninterrupted, and so on.
Dedication
The success of the nuclear submarine project is also the success of thousands of "nuclear submariners" who are engaged in innovating and pioneering the cause of nuclear submarines; the "nuclear submariners" can be said to be a steel team with high consciousness, hard work style, full of drill strength, and ability to endure hardships, and they rely on the selfless dedication spirit of unity, forge ahead, selfless labor, and hard work. With this spirit, the revolutionary enthusiasm can soar to the sky, all selfish interests will be left behind, any difficulties can be trampled underfoot, no fame, no profit, no hardship, no death, no sacrifice, can go forward, no hesitation, no goal is achieved, and vow not to give up. This spirit is also a precious part of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation, which has been passed down from generation to generation. "Crossing the house three times and not entering the house," "sacrificing one's life for righteousness," "not being able to win one's ambition," "doing one's best and dying," and "not avoiding it because of misfortune and fortune," and so on, are all manifestations of the spirit of dedication, and these are also embodied in the ranks of "nuclear submariners."
Many people responded to the call to relocate to the third line, stick to their posts, dedicate their youth, and dedicate their lives. Many people work day and night, forgetting to sleep and eat, fighting day and night, and even working on the same stomach without sleeping. For high-risk and difficult work, or troubleshooting accidents, take the lead bravely, go up when you see difficulties, let you go when you see honor, endure hardships first, and enjoy last. More are countless unsung heroes who are dedicated, obscure, conscientious, and willing to play supporting roles and screws, and jointly create the glory of nuclear submarine entrepreneurship.
The connotation of the spirit of nuclear submarines can be mentioned in various ways. In fact, in the end, it can all be boiled down to the correct world outlook and values, that is, the standpoint, viewpoint, and method of patriotism, collectivism, and socialism. The glorious and great mission of the nuclear submarine has given individuals and collectives a sense of historical responsibility, a sense of urgency to enrich the country and strengthen the army, a sense of cohesion of strength and unity, and a sense of honor of selfless dedication, so it has given birth to the pioneering and entrepreneurial spirit of nuclear submarines.
You Ziping (1st from left) in the test base
Compared with China during the nuclear submarine entrepreneurship period, today's China has undergone earth-shaking changes through reform and opening up, and its development environment has been incomparable. Generally speaking, the conditions for development are much more favorable than in the past, but the more this is the case, the more we need to maintain the sense of being prepared for danger in times of peace, the sense of urgency to catch up, the enduring consciousness of arduous struggle, and the patriotic consciousness of selfless dedication. I hope that the entrepreneurial spirit of nuclear submarines will be maintained, carried forward, enriched in content, and forever youthful under the new era and new historical conditions.
On April 4, 2019, a group photo of visiting You Ziping, former vice president of the Seventh Academy, at his residence in Shuangquanbao, Beijing, from left: naval writers Li Zhongxiao, Chen Jinnan, You Ziping, and Jiang Laigen, former staff officer of the 09 Office.
Bibliography:
[1] You Ziping. The practice and practice of the spirit of nuclear submarines. China's Nuclear Submarine Road (1-4)[M].Compilation Group of the Nuclear Submarine Professional Committee of the Two Bombs and One Satellite Research Association. Party and Mass Work Department of China National Nuclear Corporation, Political Work Department of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Nuclear Submarine Professional Committee of China Two Bombs and One Satellite Research Society.2014.8,(1 volume):262-270.
(About author:You Ziping, born in 1928, from Changzhou, Jiangsu, is a researcher and a member of the Communist Party of China. He graduated from the Department of Naval Architecture Engineering of Jiaotong University in 1950 and worked as a technician and team leader in the Design Department of the Central Shipbuilding Industry Bureau. Since 1955, he has served as an engineer and section chief of Wuchang Shipyard. In 1958, he participated in the early development of nuclear submarines in the Naval Shipbuilding Technology Research Office. Since 1961, he has served as deputy chief designer, chief engineer and director of the Second Office of the First and Second Departments of the Seventh Academy of the Ministry of National Defense. Since 1965, he has served as the deputy chief engineer, chief engineer and deputy director of the 19th Research Institute (719 Institute) of the Seventh Academy of Sciences, and participated in the overall development and design of nuclear submarines. In 1983, he was transferred to the Seventh Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation as vice president and member of the party group, and in 1986, he concurrently served as the director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Institute, and concurrently served as a member and consultant of the Science and Technology Committee of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense and the General Armament Department. He has presided over and led the development and design of a variety of submarines, is one of the main pioneers and designers of nuclear submarines in the mainland, organized and presided over the completion of major studies such as the "Feasibility of the Development of Continental Aircraft Carriers and Carrier-based Aircraft", and participated in the research and development of the 863 national major project "7000-meter manned deep submersible". He has won the National Science Conference Award, the National Science and Technology Progress Award, and the first prize of the Ministerial Science and Technology Progress Award. He used to be the director of the editorial board of "Modern Ships", and the author of "Overall System Engineering of Ships" and "You Ziping Ship Anthology". He retired in 2001. He passed away on January 15, 2023. )