Abstract:The production areas of vinylon fiber industry in mainland China are relatively concentrated, mainly distributed in Fujian, Anhui, Chongqing, Hunan and other provinces and cities. With the improvement of vinylon fiber production technology and the in-depth research and development of new varieties, good achievements and breakthroughs have been made in vinylon fiber process research, product development, technological innovation and equipment manufacturing, and the product use has gradually shifted from the previous civil textile products to high-end clothing manufacturing, papermaking, building materials, construction and water conservancy engineering, and the product structure has developed in the direction of water-soluble low temperature and high strength and high modulus. In 2023, the output of vinylon fiber in mainland China will be 85,000 tons, a year-on-year increase of 2.4%.
1. Definitions and Classification
Vinylon fiber is the trade name of polyvinyl acetal fiber, also known as vinylon, vinylon, PVA fiber, etc. Its performance is close to cotton, known as "synthetic cotton", and it is the most hygroscopic variety among the existing synthetic fibers. Vinylon fiber is loved by the textile and garment industry because of its excellent softness and warmth. However, due to its poor coloring performance in dyeing, it is easy to break in the textile process, the fabric is easy to deform, and the production process is cumbersome and complex, and the production volume of the entire vinylon fiber industry is small. At present, the mainstream vinylon fiber varieties in the market are water-soluble vinylon fiber, flame retardant vinylon fiber and high-strength and high-modulus vinylon fiber.
Second, industry policies
1. Competent authorities and regulatory system
Vinylon fiber industry has fully realized market-oriented competition, enterprises in the industry operate independently for the market, government functional departments carry out industrial macro-control, and industry self-discipline organizations carry out self-discipline and standardization.
The vinylon fiber manufacturing industry is mainly supervised and managed by the Consumer Goods Industry Department under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China, the National Development and Reform Commission and its Industrial Coordination Department and local branches. The main responsibilities of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology are: formulating and organizing the implementation of industry plans, industrial policies and standards, monitoring the daily operation of the industrial industry, promoting the development of major technical equipment and independent innovation, and guiding and promoting the construction of informatization.
The main responsibilities of the National Development and Reform Commission are: formulating and organizing the implementation of national economic and social development strategies, medium- and long-term plans and annual plans, coordinating economic and social development, studying and analyzing the domestic and foreign economic situation, proposing goals and policies for national economic development, regulating and controlling the overall price level and optimizing major economic structures, monitoring the macroeconomic and social development trends, promoting sustainable development strategies, and comprehensively coordinating energy conservation and emission reduction.
China Chemical Fiber Industry Association (CCFA) is a self-regulatory organization of the chemical fiber industry in mainland China, founded in November 1992, mainly composed of enterprises, institutions and individuals engaged in the production and research of chemical fibers and relevant social groups, the purpose of the association is to implement the country's industrial policy, promote technological progress, promote the development of the whole industry, and undertake the guidance and service functions of various subdivisions. In May 2010, CCFA set up the Spandex Professional Committee, which is responsible for guiding, contacting, communicating, coordinating and promoting, and serving the development and application of the vinylon fiber industry in mainland China.
2. Industry-related policies
In recent years, the state has issued a series of policies to guide the development of vinylon fiber industry. The "Guiding Opinions on the High-quality Development of the Chemical Fiber Industry" proposes that by 2025, the industrial added value of chemical fiber enterprises above designated size will increase by an average of 5% per year, and the proportion of chemical fiber output in the world will be basically stable; digital transformation has achieved remarkable results, with the digital penetration rate of enterprise operation and management reaching 80%, and the numerical control rate of key processes reaching 80%; the green manufacturing system will continue to improve, the proportion of green fiber will increase to more than 25%, and the level and scale of comprehensive utilization of waste resources will be further developed. For example, the "Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalogue (2024 Edition)" lists the development and production of new polyesters and fibers, flame retardant, antistatic, antibacterial, conductive, phase change energy storage, intelligent temperature control, photochromism, dope coloring, adsorption and separation, biomedical and other differentiated and functional chemical fibers as encouraged categories. At the same time, friction materials containing asbestos are listed as eliminated. High-strength and high-modulus polyvinyl alcohol fiber is the most ideal material to replace asbestos, and in the context of the country's promotion of the elimination of asbestos products, the vinylon fiber industry has ushered in development opportunities.
Third, the development process
Vinylon fiber is a kind of fiber that has been developed and put into production in mainland China since the 50s and 60s of the 20th century. Originally, the purpose of the mainland's vigorous development of vinylon fiber was to use its similar properties to cotton to solve the people's clothing problem. However, with the development of polyester, nylon and acrylic with better performance, vinylon fiber has gradually been eliminated in the field due to its shortcomings of wrinkle resistance, dimensional stability and poor dyeability. In the chemical quantitative method of textiles, the quantitative method of vinylon fiber blended with other fibers was also cancelled for a time. However, with the development of science and technology, a variety of vinylon fibers with special functions such as flame retardant, high strength and high modulus, water solubility, etc., have been introduced one after another, which can be used as material reinforcement, packaging, light fabrics, non-twisted towels, etc., and are very widely used, so that they have good development prospects. In recent years, the number of vinylon fibers and their blended products encountered by testing institutions in testing has also increased year by year.
Fourth, industry barriers
1. Technical barriers
The production of vinylon fiber requires specific technology and equipment, which requires enterprises to have strong technical research and development capabilities and equipment investment. At the same time, the modification, blending, and functional development of vinylon fibers also require professional technical knowledge and rich experience accumulation. Therefore, the technical threshold is high, and it is difficult for new entrants to master the core technology in a short period of time.
2. Financial barriers
The investment in fixed assets in the vinylon fiber industry is large, including production line construction, equipment purchase, raw material procurement, etc., which requires enterprises to have strong financial strength. In addition, in order to maintain production operations and marketing, enterprises also need to invest a large amount of working capital. Therefore, it is difficult for enterprises with insufficient financial strength to gain a foothold in the vinylon fiber industry.
3. Market channel barriers
The market channels of vinylon fiber are relatively fixed, mainly for textiles, clothing, industrial textiles and other fields. These fields have high requirements for the quality and performance of vinylon fibers, and the selection and cooperation of suppliers are also stricter. New entrants need to spend a lot of time and energy to develop market channels and establish stable customer relationships, which increases the market channel barriers in the industry.
4. Brand barriers
Vinylon fiber industry has an obvious brand effect, and major manufacturers have their own brands. Brand is the concentrated embodiment of product quality, grade, performance, service and enterprise strength, and the establishment of brand requires long-term unremitting efforts in product quality improvement, technological innovation, after-sales service and advertising, which is the concentrated embodiment of industry barriers. Brand is gradually accumulated in the process of enterprise development, it takes a long time to accumulate, and it is difficult for new entrants to establish a good brand effect in a short period of time, so brand awareness has become an obstacle restricting new enterprises to enter this field.
Fifth, the industrial chain
1. Analysis of the industry chain
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is the direct raw material for the production of vinylon fiber, in addition to the production of vinylon fiber also uses chemical fiber machinery, the midstream is the production and supply link of vinylon fiber, and the downstream is mainly used in clothing, industrial textiles and other fields. The price of raw materials plays a supporting role in the price of vinylon fiber, but its price changes also directly affect the production of finished products and profits, and the changes in raw material prices are not only affected by the overall supply and demand pattern, but also by the upstream coal, natural gas and crude oil prices of raw materials. In recent years, vinylon fiber has been widely used in the field of various industrial textiles, and the development of functional vinylon fiber products has brought greater market space to the vinylon fiber industry.
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