Among the 23 winners of the "Two Bombs and One Star" Meritorious Service Medal
Seven of them have made meritorious deeds here
The mainland's first heavy water reactor (codenamed "101")
and the first cyclotron (codenamed "201")
Built here
This is the China Institute of Atomic Energy
Known as the "cradle" and "old hen" of the mainland's nuclear industry
May 19, 1950
The Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (the predecessor of the China Institute of Atomic Energy) was established
Qian Sanqiang served as deputy director
At that time, the mainland's nuclear industry was "poor and white"
There are no researchers
There is no equipment such as cyclotrons and nuclear reactors
No studies were conducted
In 1955, after the strategic decision to vigorously develop China's atomic energy industry
The continent was introduced from the USSR
A 7,000 kW heavy water experimental reactor
and a cyclotron with a diameter of 1.2 meters
With the help of Soviet specialists
The construction of "a pile of one device" is gradually on the right track
On June 10, 1958, the good news came
For the first time, the continent's first cyclotron received a proton beam and reached an internal target
Three days later, the mainland's first heavy-water reactor reached criticality for the first time
On July 1, the People's Daily published the news
"Their completion marks the beginning of the atomic age of the continent"
September 27, 1958
"A bunch of one device" was officially handed over for production
It has become the beginning of the mainland's "hard core" confidence
After the completion of "a bunch of one device".
The technical equipment and experimental methods of nuclear scientific research on the mainland have been significantly improved
In terms of the development of the first atomic bomb
The heavy water reactor provides critical data on charging and charging
The ignition neutron source has been developed, and breakthroughs have been made in key technologies such as plutonium production reactor fuel assemblies
In terms of the development of the first hydrogen bomb
"A bunch of one device" completed the selection of the technical route of the hydrogen bomb
Research on key data of light nuclear reactions that play a "directional" role
It provides an important basis for overcoming the production process of tritium in hydrogen bomb materials
April 1960
Based on the heavy water reactor, the "Dongfeng No. 3" zero-power reactor was built
It was specially used for nuclear submarine reactor simulation experiments and provided the first experimental data
After that, "a bunch of a device" also provided a starting neutron source for the first nuclear submarine
Completion of the first preliminary design of a marine power reactor
It has completed research and experiments on nuclear submarine reactor physics, thermal hydraulics, fuel elements, pressure vessels, etc
Contributed to the launch of the mainland's first nuclear submarine in 1971
In terms of artificial satellites and ICBMs
"One Pile One Device" provides key data for the material properties of artificial earth satellites and the gyroscopes of navigation equipment in space
Proton beam irradiation tests for components and components used in weapons, missiles, and satellite research
Production of Polonium-210 heat sources in the millenary class for satellite ground test installations......
1984, 2007
The cyclotron and heavy water reactor have successively completed their historical missions
Honorable "retirement"
Today, "a bunch of one device" has been selected
National industrial heritage, industrial cultural heritage of central enterprises
and national key cultural relics protection units
China's nuclear industry has also made great strides from "one pile and one instrument".
Nuclear energy in three steps
The road of independent innovation is moving steadily and far-reaching
Producer: Zhan Zhao
Interview production: Song Yajuan, Xiao Chunfang
Source: Guangming Network