Mei Zixiang guide:
More and more books were compiled and printed by the railway soldiers, including personal monographs and memoirs of compilers, regiments, battalions, and companies. This is a good sign. The railway soldiers have been withdrawn, and the construction project of the railway soldiers is still benefiting the people, and the achievements created by the railway soldiers are put into words, which is the history of the railway soldiers of the armed forces, and it is also the history of the military and the country - the railway soldiers are all major projects of the country!
Over the years, I have received many books. My old leader Chen Yuanmou often sighed to me after visiting the bookstore in his later years: "Xiaomei, the × book is so good, I don't dare to buy it......" I didn't understand the pessimism of the old president back then, but now it's my turn. In the face of the "sweaty" railway soldiers' books, the time and energy to read them are overwhelming, let alone recommending, commenting and sharing them with the majority of comrades-in-arms after browsing. There is also a large number of historical materials of railway soldiers in my collection, which need to be sorted out and written...... Pessimism is not long in the future, and optimism is to do a little bit every day, always writing more and more. Life never stops, write more!
"Years of Gramophone Car Troupe" is piled up, and it is unknown when it was received. I wanted to choose a few articles to send on the official account, so I found Zhou Baoli, one of the editors-in-chief of the book, in the WeChat group, and asked him to send me the electronic version of the book. Comrade-in-arms is a good comrade who is serious and responsible.
This book is a memoir written by a comrade-in-arms of the Independent Automobile Regiment of the Railway Corps.
The first automobile regiment of our army was established in Harbin before the Liaoshen Battle in September 1946 and was subordinate to the General Logistics Department of the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army (the predecessor of the 37th Regiment). Some people don't believe it, the railway soldiers' automobile regiment followed closely - the railway column was formed in July 1948, and eight months later, in March 1949, "A Brief History of the Railway Soldiers" outlined: In order to strengthen and enrich the troops' emergency repair force to meet the needs of increasingly heavy repair tasks, in March 1949, under the order of the Central Military Commission, from the Kuomintang troops peacefully reorganized in Beiping, received 1 baggage automobile regiment, totaling 224 vehicles, There were 857 officers and men, and it was combined with the Column Automobile Brigade to form the Automobile Regiment directly under the Railway Column (changed to the Automobile Brigade in August). As an aside, I have collected a photo of the automobile regiment and temporarily displayed it in the Leshan Railway Soldiers Museum. The railway column lasted for a short time, and there are very few photographs of the "railway column" marking.
Continue to introduce the history of the Independent Automobile Regiment of the Railway Corps: On June 28, 1950, the Central Military Commission approved the reorganization plan of the Railway Corps, which was organized into 3 divisions, 1 bridge regiment directly under the Railway Corps, and 1 automobile regiment directly under the Railway Corps. The time of the existence of this directly subordinate automobile regiment is not recorded in the history books of the railway soldiers.
The book "Gramophone Automobile Regiment of the Years" is a memoir of the commanders and fighters of the independent automobile regiment established in 1964 and dismantled in 1976, and has no direct connection with the "automobile regiment" listed above.
In September of that year, the Railway Corps was expanded again, and two new divisions were formed: the 12th Division and the 13th Division, and three independent regiments: the Zhouqiao Regiment, the Machinery Regiment, and the Automobile Regiment. The Independent Automobile Regiment is mainly responsible for the transportation of materials for the construction of the Chengdu-Kunming Railway and the Xiangyu Railway. In August 1976, the Independent Automobile Regiment of the Railway Corps was reduced to two independent automobile battalions: the 1st and 2nd Independent Automobile Battalions, which were subordinate to the 1st and 2nd Headquarters of the Railway Corps, and participated in the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the Southern Xinjiang Railway.
Railway construction, in a sense, is the recombination and accumulation of a large number of materials and building materials. Steel, cement, timber, oil, explosives, and daily necessities for the troops need to be transported. The railway projects undertaken by the railway soldiers are often far away from the towns, and the transportation is inconvenient and the supply is difficult. Transportation relies on railways (one section through one section), automobiles, water transportation, shoulder to shoulder, and the car is the most important means of transportation. Therefore, during the period of the Railway Corps, in addition to the construction of major projects with tight time and heavy tasks -- the establishment of independent automobile regiments and automobile battalions of the railway corps in stages, the establishment of divisional automobile battalions and regimental automobile companies was almost always accompanied by the history of the railway corps. There is a place for it, which also shows the importance of automobile transportation.
The railway corps is an engineering and technical branch, but in the years before its dismantling in 1984, science and technology were still relatively backward, mechanized construction was not widespread enough, and the troops were mainly composed of construction companies. Relatively speaking, the automobile soldiers of the railway soldiers have a relatively high overall cultural quality, and they are veritable "technical soldiers." However, there is a difference between the automobile soldiers of the railway troops and the automobile soldiers of the field troops, and this is the professional term "road conditions" that the automobile soldiers of the railway troops face every day: In the Gobi Desert, there are no roads, and the automobile soldiers of the railway soldiers drive past to leave "roads"; the high cold, ice and snow, lofty mountains, and long-distance transportation...... They are all "roadblocks" for the "commonplace" of the railway soldiers and automobile soldiers.
The vicissitudes of the sea show the true character of the hero, and the wind and waves are more urgent. There is a historical fact that is enough to prove that the automobile soldiers of the railway soldiers are excellent in the whole army. In 1979, in the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam, the Central Military Commission selected and transferred automobile troops from various divisions of the railway corps to join the field troops to participate in the war. It is somewhat regrettable that this "glorious mission" is not recorded in the history books of the railway soldiers, probably because the transferred automobile soldiers became officers and soldiers of the field troops and did not return to their old units. Over the years, I have obtained these information and historical materials from the reminiscences of my comrades-in-arms of the railway soldiers. In the independent automobile regiment of the railway corps introduced here, 50 automobile soldiers were selected and transferred to participate in the self-defense and counterattack against Vietnam in the two battalions after the downsizing.
The more than 10-year history of the Independent Automobile Regiment of the Railway Corps was compiled into a book "Gramophone Automobile Regiment of the Years", which is an "extraordinary project". It lasted for 12 years, and after nearly 50 years of dismantling, the book was compiled, and the comrades-in-arms scattered all over the country, and many people died. Although it is convenient to contact in the Internet era, they are all seventy or eighty years old, WeChat, telephone inquiries, personal writing, organization staff editing, and publication funds...... The spirit of the railway soldiers is to "dig roads in the mountains and build bridges when encountering waters," and this is also vividly embodied in the entire process of the book's manuscript, editing, publication, and distribution.
This is a very high-quality book, and there is an overview of the great history of the railway soldiers, including the inscriptions of the leaders and an introduction to the important railway lines; the small history of the independent automobile regiment is also described in detail, and even down to the brief history of each company and the list of cadres at the company level; the youth stories of officers and men recalling the eventful years, the records of the gatherings of "old men talking about youthful madness," and the praise and remembrance of the predecessors of the second and third generations of the iron are all-encompassing and colorful. A large number of historical photos are interspersed with more than 100 photos, more than 450,000 words, and a few pounds of weight. Here, an excerpt from the book praises the Independent Automobile Regiment: "In the past ten years, thousands of officers and soldiers of the Automobile Regiment have conquered Yunnan and Guizhou, fought in Xiangyu, and gained a reputation in the desert, laughing at the Gobi and singing on the plateau. The cliffs are fearless, and the mountains are steep. How many inaccessible barren places, how many drivers dare not set foot in sharp bends, dangerous roads, narrow roads, large cars even half of the tires are suspended in the bottomless abyss narrow road, in order to transport the construction materials to the construction site in time, they are not afraid of hardship, not afraid of death The fearless spirit of moving forward bravely and without flinching. Railway construction in the southwest, northwest, north and northeast of the motherland, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Qinling Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Tianshan Mountains, Wind and Snow Plateau, Gobi Desert, Taihang Mountains, inside and outside the Great Wall, everywhere is home, ambition in all directions. The vast land of the motherland is full of their footprints and figures. ”
Yes, the hot barracks, the boiling construction sites, the rolling wheels, the sound of whistles, today's promotion is to spread the footprints and figures of the railway soldiers and automobile soldiers...... I would like to share with you some of the "old photos" and "memoirs" from the book.
Salute, Railway Corps Independent Automobile Regiment!
Independent Automobile Regiment of the Railway Corps of the Chinese People's Liberation Army
In September 1964, the Chinese People's Liberation Army Railway Corps Independent Automobile Regiment was established in Anshun, Guizhou, and was subordinate to the Southwest Railway Construction Site Command, referred to as "Xigong Finger". Later, it was moved to Xi'an City, Shaanxi, and the troop code was 8784. On August 1, 1975, the unit code was changed to 89132.
On August 1, 1976, the Independent Automobile Regiment of the Railway Corps was abolished. After the abolition, two separate automobile battalions were formed on the basis of the original automobile transport companies.
Unit 89146 of the First Independent Automobile Battalion of the Railway Corps (stationed in Golmud City, Qinghai Province) is subordinate to the Qinghai-Tibet Headquarters of the Railway Corps, and Unit 89145 of the Second Independent Automobile Battalion of the Railway Corps (stationed in Yuergou, Nanshan Mining Area, Urumqi) is subordinate to the Southern Xinjiang Command of the Railway Corps.
After the establishment of the Independent Automobile Regiment of the Railway Corps, there was no battalion establishment, and the regiment was organized into a "regimental company," with 12 transport companies, one driver training team, two repair companies, one health team, and one warehouse directly under the regiment.
By 1975, the Independent Automobile Regiment of the Railway Corps was equipped with 664 vehicles. The staff has more than 2,800 people. At that time, it was the largest motorized regiment in the whole army.
Since its establishment, the Independent Automobile Regiment has provided a strong transportation guarantee for the construction of railways in the southwest, northwest, north and northeast of the mainland. Automobile soldiers have traveled more than 120 million kilometers all year round on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the Qinling Mountains, the Kunlun Mountains, the Tianshan Mountains, the Wind and Snow Plateau, the Gobi Desert, the Taihang Mountains, and inside and outside the Great Wall, transporting countless railway construction materials and special equipment.
In the more than ten years since the founding of the regiment, the officers and men of the Independent Automobile Regiment fought in Guikun for the first time, fought a decisive battle in Chengkun, made contributions to Xiangyu, crisscrossed the desert, galloped through the Gobi, and were well-known inside and outside the Great Wall.
The Independent Automobile Regiment once carried out the task of moving defense for the field army, dispatched more than 400 vehicles, and transported thousands of kilometers over long distances. He won the pennant for the troops, and was praised by the field army: "Superb technology! Excellent work style!"
The Independent Automobile Regiment was ordered to resist US aggression and aid Vietnam, and sent an engineering detachment to brave the bombing of US planes to contribute to the "steel transportation line that is constantly bombed and cannot be broken";
In the early 70s, the Independent Automobile Regiment was ordered to send technical backbones to train black drivers and ensure the smooth flow of the Tanzania-Zambia Railway in Africa;
The Independent Automobile Regiment once sent special vehicles to transport materials for the nuclear experiment in the Great Northwest, successfully completed the mission, and contributed to the cause of national defense;
The Independent Automobile Regiment has fought fiercely in Chengdu-Kunming, along the 1096-kilometer railway from Chengdu to Kunming, crossing the Hengduan Mountains, crossing the Yunnan-Guizhou Mountains and Valleys, and galloping day and night in the earthquake areas where earthquakes of 7-9 degrees can occur all year round and earthquakes and debris flow disasters may occur at any time. It has created a brilliant record on the Chengdu-Kunming line, which is known as the "most tragic railway", and composed a magnificent song of iron flow that can be sung and cried;
The Independent Automobile Regiment once fought in Xiangyu, and the automobile soldiers wore Wudang, crossed the Han River, waded through the Qinling Mountains, and rushed to the Huaying Trail. The mountains and valleys are deep and fearless, the cliffs are at your disposal, but in the steep terrain, the water flow is turbulent, the geology is complex, the materials are lacking, there is no electricity, the traffic is blocked, and the sparsely populated mountains and mountains are ushered in, the Xiangyu railway is unimpeded, and the ancient wild flute sounds;
In 1976, the automobile regiment was withdrawn and reduced to two automobile battalions, and the automobile soldiers were still majestic, non-stop, and gave an order, respectively, to the desert and the Gobi, to fight in southern Xinjiang, to raise the Gobi, to overcome the lack of oxygen on the plateau, the cold desert wind, with tenacious perseverance, brilliant achievements, so that the steel dragon locked the boundless desert, traversed the roof of the world, and established miraculous feats in the forbidden area of life where birds fly extinction.
For more than 10 years, thousands of officers and men of the automobile regiment have been galloping on lofty mountains and mountains, sharp bends and dangerous roads, and cliffs for many years; sometimes the large construction vehicles have to make several reversing cars to pass through a bend, and under their feet are bottomless abyss cliffs, simple construction roads, and even half of the tires are suspended in the narrow road. Despite all the dangers, the officers and men of the Automobile Regiment did not hesitate to pay the price of their lives in order to transport the construction materials to the construction site in a timely manner. In the 12 years since the regiment was founded and four and a half years after the establishment of the battalion, more than 60 officers and men of the automobile regiment have died for some reason, and hundreds of them have been wounded and disabled along various railway lines, and they have paid a heavy price.
In the course of the national strategic readjustment, such a unit with outstanding meritorious services has undergone several adjustments, several downsizing, and gradually downsizing and dismantling. In order to make up for this regret, the comrades-in-arms of the automobile regiment spontaneously organized, searched for information with difficulty, and after more than six years, they jointly compiled and printed the book "Years of Gramophone Automobile Regiment". However, due to the long time lapse, it is extremely difficult to collect information, contacting comrades-in-arms is like picking up pieces from the sky, and the editors lack sufficient experience and professional level, so there are many shortcomings.
Fortunately, there are many senior wise men and authorities of the railway corps, who volunteer to assist us, recall history, find evidence, and spare no effort to publicize the brilliant achievements and iron soldier spirit of our automobile regiment. Thank you very much!
One of the editors of "Years Gramophone Car Troupe" Zhou Baoli
April 16, 2024
Old photo of the independent car regiment
Group photo of the head of the regiment and the award-winning representatives (back row, from left: head Zheng Yangqing, political commissar He Ying, deputy head Zhang Changdong, deputy political commissar Miao Zhanli)
Group photo of the leaders of the Political Department of the Independent Automobile Regiment and the cadres of the company (the time of the photo is unknown)
The first batch of students of the automobile training team of the automobile regiment took a graduation photo. (Photo taken in Yunnan on September 2, 1965)
Group photo of the representatives of the first "four good, five good" congress of the independent automobile regiment. (Photo taken in Teluk Intan on February 28, 1966)
Group photo of the delegates of the enlarged meeting of the Independent Automobile Regiment Committee. (Photo taken in Anning, April 12, 1966)
Group photo of the representatives of the first congress of the Communist Youth League of the Independent Automobile League. (Photo taken in Anning on November 10, 1966)
Political Commissar He Ying of the Independent Automobile Regiment (middle of the second row) and some comrades-in-arms took a group photo in front of Tiananmen Square. (1968.12)
The head of the seventh company of the automobile regiment took a group photo. (1968 in Nianlufeng, Yunnan)
Group photo of some comrades-in-arms from Hebei in the automobile regiment. (April 26, 1969, Lufeng, Yunnan)
Commander He Huiyan and Political Commissar Su Chao accompanied Commander Liu Xianquan to inspect the Chengdu-Kunming line, and the picture shows a group photo during the inspection of the Sixth Company (November 1969)
Comrades of the health team of the automobile regiment took a photo in the Fiat car. (December 1969 in Lufeng, Yunnan)
The propaganda team of the automobile regiment rehearses the program to celebrate the Ninth National Congress. (Photographed in Lufeng, Yunnan Province, 1969)
Group photo of comrades-in-arms of the propaganda team of the automobile regiment under the tour. (Photographed on the banks of the Jinsha River in 1969)
Group photo of the basketball team of the automobile regiment. (Photo taken in Yunnan, December 1969)
Group photo of the basketball team of the automobile regiment. (Photo taken in Yunnan, December 1969)
Group photo of comrades-in-arms of the propaganda team of the automobile regiment under the tour. (Photographed on the banks of the Jinsha River in 1969)
Group photo of representatives of the Fifth Party "Third Congress" of the Independent Automobile Regiment (taken in Xi'an on January 14, 1970)
Company Commander Luo Daobin repaired the car with his comrades. (Spring 1970)
Group photo of representatives of the 2nd Party Congress of the Independent Automobile Regiment (taken in Xi'an on August 29, 1970)
Group photo of female soldiers of the medical team of the automobile regiment. (Photo taken in 1971 at Huaqing Pond, Lintong)
Group photo of comrades-in-arms of the propaganda team of the automobile regiment under the tour. (Photographed on the deck of a ship from Chongqing to Wuhan, 1971)
Group photo of some comrades-in-arms of the third platoon of the 10th Company of the Automobile Regiment. (Photo taken in Hanyin, Shaanxi Province, June 1972)
Group photo of representatives of the 2nd Congress of the Communist Youth League of the Independent Automobile Regiment. (Photo taken in Xi'an, February 24, 1973)
Group photo of comrades-in-arms of the 6th Company of the Automobile Regiment participating in the foreign-related transportation mission (June 1973)
The Seventh Company of the Automobile Regiment stayed in Linyi and took a group photo with the veteran comrades-in-arms. (Ulan, 1973)
The comrades-in-arms of the 11th squad of the 12th company of the automobile regiment planted vegetables. (Photo taken in Ankang, Shaanxi Province, 1973)
Group photo of comrades-in-arms of the propaganda team of the automobile regiment. (Xi'an, Shaanxi, December 1973)
The repair platoon of the sixth company of the automobile regiment studied professional issues. (1974 in Ankang Qiligou)
The leadership group of the Sixth Company studied collectively. (Summer 1974)
In preparation for the All-Army Games, the automobile regiment formed a badminton team. (1974.8 taken in Da County, Sichuan)
In preparation for the All-Army Games, the automobile regiment formed a badminton team. （1974.8）
Group photo of comrades-in-arms of the propaganda team of the automobile regiment. (Xi'an, Shaanxi, December 1974)
The head of the automobile regiment and some cadres took a group photo in front of the office building of the regiment headquarters. (Date unknown)
The head of the automobile regiment took a group photo in front of Mao Zedong's former residence. (Date unknown)
Political Commissar He Ying is giving a lecture to the soldiers (time unknown)
Political Commissar He Ying took a photo in front of the company's truck (time unknown)
Upper left and upper right: Zhao Dan, deputy political commissar of the Automobile League, lower left: director and deputy head of the Automobile League, and lower right: Zhang Yinglie, director of the Political Department of the Automobile League
The head of the automobile regiment and the cadres of the post-government department. (January 1975)
The 6th Company of the Automobile Regiment sent off the veterans. (Photographed in the spring of 1975 at the Ankang Qiligou station)
The comrades-in-arms of the Seventh Company of the Automobile Regiment from Harbin took a photo in front of the station. (Photo taken in Ulan, Qinghai in 1975)
Harbin comrades-in-arms of the Seventh Company of the Automobile Regiment took a photo in the barracks of the station. (Photo taken in Ulan, Qinghai in 1975)
The Seventh Company of the Automobile Regiment sent off Shandong comrades-in-arms for a photo. (Photo taken in Ulan, Qinghai in 1975)
Some comrades-in-arms of the medical team of the automobile regiment took a group photo in front of the barracks building. (Xi'an, Shaanxi, 1975)
Some comrades-in-arms and retired comrades-in-arms of the medical team of the automobile regiment took photos. (Xi'an, Shaanxi, March 1975)
Song Huangcai, a shooting athlete of the automobile regiment of the All-Army Games, won the award. (1975.5 Beijing)
The comrades-in-arms of the automobile regiment posed as a band and took a group photo. (1976.5 Photo taken at Xinjia Temple, Xi'an)
The 6th Company of the Automobile Regiment sent off the veterans. (March 1976 at Ankang Qiligou Station)
The comrades-in-arms of the 6th Company of the Automobile Regiment studied on the way out of the car. (Summer 1976)
The comrades-in-arms of the 7th Company of the Automobile Regiment took a group photo with their veterans. (Photo taken in Ulan on December 2, 1975)
Harbin comrades-in-arms who participated in the self-defense and counterattack against Vietnam returned to China and took a group photo. (Photo taken on 30.1.1980)
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