Peach gum disease is a common fungal (or non-infective) disease of peach trees during the growth and development of peach trees, which seriously affects the growth and development of peach trees and the quality of fruits.
There are two high incidence periods of peach gum disease in the whole annual growth and development of peach trees. One is from mid-May to mid-to-late June. The second is from August to September in the fall. The first high incidence period is the most harmful to the growth and development of peach trees. However, the "incubation period" is long, and many fruit farmers are easy to ignore it, so that after the occurrence of peach tree gum disease or after the "symptoms" on the peach tree, the drug "has little harvest" or "no effect".
Picture 01~02): The formation stage of young peach fruits, also the gum stage
In order to effectively prevent and treat peach gum disease, we need to master a series of agents. However, before reading this graphic and text, Qingjianghe suggested that it should be combined with the previous graphic and text "Peach Tree Gel Disease "Incubation Period", Fine Management of 5 Aspects, "Exemption" of the Whole Season "Gel Flow", so as to have a comprehensive understanding of the formation of peach gum disease, field symptoms, identification and diagnosis methods, chemotherapy and other knowledge.
In this issue, Qingjiang Crane will continue to pay attention to and chat with all the teachers about the relevant knowledge of the chemical prevention and control of peach tree gum disease, aiming to introduce in detail the main chemical agents for the prevention and treatment of peach gum disease, in order to provide some help to peach tree growers.
I hope you like and actively participate in the interactive comments, share your different experiences and knowledge sharing in the comprehensive prevention and control of peach tree gelatinous disease, and forward the pictures and texts in this issue.
Picture 03~04): Flowing gum on a peach tree
Application of copper preparation and its compound preparation in the prevention and control of peach gum disease:
Copper preparations and their compounds play an important role in the prevention and treatment of peach gum disease.
Common copper preparations include copper sulfate, copper hydroxide, copper pine ester and other copper preparations. These agents can effectively inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and the fundamental reason lies in the bactericidal function of "copper".
In addition, the compound preparation of copper Bordeaux liquid and mancozeb, methafen, cyanide and other agents is also a very good multi-functional fungicide with strong sterilization function. For example, calcium copper sulfate carbendazim commonly used in production is a highly efficient compound preparation, which can prevent and control a variety of diseases at the same time.
During the flowering bud expansion period of peach trees, we can treat the stems of peach trees with "Bordeaux sap", which can effectively prevent the occurrence of peach gum disease.
Picture 05~06): Peach gum disease is often complicated with leaf shrinkage disease
The trade name of "Bordeaux liquid" is "essential", which is actually a compound preparation made of copper sulfate and lime. Because copper preparations have a "sensitive" negative effect on peach trees and young fruits in the growth and development period, copper preparations are mostly used before the germination of peach trees or in the flower bud expansion stage.
The concentration that can be used is 300 times of 80% Bordeaux liquid wettable powder, 400 times of 86% Bordeaux liquid water dispersible granules, and 100~200 times of 28% Bordeaux liquid suspension.
Before the germination of peach trees, copper hydroxide preparations can be used for "flow gum disease prevention and control": that is, 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder 700~800 times liquid, 77% copper hydroxide water dispersible granules 800~900 times liquid, 53.8% copper hydroxide water dispersible granules 600 times liquid, 46% copper hydroxide water dispersible granules 500 times liquid spray stem and leaf treatment.
Picture 07~08): Flowing gum on a peach tree
It can also be sprayed with 12% copper pine ester emulsifiable concentrate 200 times, 23% copper pine ester emulsifiable concentrate 300 times, and 30% copper pine ester emulsifiable concentrate 400 times.
You can also use 500~600 times of 78% Bordeaux liquid mancozeb wettable powder, or 600~800 times of 85% Bordeaux liquid frost urea cyanide wettable powder, or 600~700 times of 85% Bordeaux liquid methafen wettable powder, and 60% copper calcium sulfate carbendazim wettable powder spray stems and leaves.
Application of organosulfur fungicides in the prevention and control of peach gum disease:
Organic sulfur fungicides are an important agent in the prevention and control of peach gum disease, and allicin is one of the leaders.
Image 09~10): Young fruit on a peach tree
Allicin has a broad-spectrum bactericidal effect and has a strong inhibitory effect on the pathogenic bacteria of peach tree gum disease. In the process of use, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling the concentration and frequency of use of the agent to avoid adverse effects on the peach tree.
Different levels of allicin can be used: 20% allicin EC 200 times, 30% allicin EC 300 times, 40% allicin EC 500 times, 80% allicin EC 800 times, 80% allicin EC 800 times liquid, 80% allicin chloramphenicol EC 800~1000 times liquid spray stems and leaves.
Efficient application of glycine fungicides in the prevention and control of peach gum disease:
Glycine fungicides, such as octybacterium acetate, also play an important role in the prevention and control of peach gum disease.
Picture 11~12): Microbial agents can treat peach gum disease
This kind of agent can destroy the cell wall of pathogenic bacteria, so as to achieve the purpose of disease control. At the same time, occultamine acetate also has a certain systemic effect, which can improve the control effect of the agent.
In the "incubation period" of peach tree gelatinous disease, the gelatin wound (scraping area) can be coated with 100 times of 1.8% occultamine acetate aqueous solution, 200~250 times of 5% octamine acetate aqueous solution, or 300~400 times of 8% occultamine acetate aqueous solution, or 800~1500 times of 20% octamine acetate aqueous solution.
Advantages of benzimidazole and triazole compound preparations in the efficient prevention and control of peach tree gum disease:
Benzimidazole and triazole compound preparations, typical representatives such as tebuconazole carbendazim, are the "good" agents in the new compound preparations in the prevention and treatment of peach tree flow gum disease.
Picture 13~14): "Exclusive" agent for peach flow gum disease
This type of agent combines the advantages of benzimidazole and triazole fungicides, and has the characteristics of broad spectrum, high efficiency and low toxicity. When using this kind of agent, it is necessary to prepare and use it in accordance with the requirements of the instructions to ensure the prevention and control effect. It can be used during the budding period and after flowering of peach trees.
The concentrations and dosage forms that can be used are: 800~1000 times of 30% tebuconazole carbendazim suspension, or 1000~1200 times of 40% tebuconazole carbendazim suspension, or 1200~1500 times of 50% tebuconazole carbendazim suspension.
Or 400~500 times of 30% tebuconazole carbendazim wettable powder, or 500~600 times of 45% tebuconazole carbendazim wettable powder, or 800~1000 times of 55% tebuconazole carbendazim wettable powder, or 1500~2000 times of 80% tebuconazole carbendazim wettable powder.
Or 600~800 times of 45% tebuconazole carbendazim water dispersible granules, or 800~1000 times of 60% tebuconazole carbendazim water dispersible granules can be sprayed on stems and leaves.
Picture 15~16): "Exclusive" agent for peach gelatinous disease
Efficient application of immunomodulatory and anti-infection lentinan edinan polysaccharides in the prevention and control of peach tree gum disease:
As an immunomodulatory and anti-infection agent, lentinan lentinan has also shown good preventive and therapeutic effects in the prevention and treatment of peach gum disease.
It can stimulate the immune system of peach trees and improve the disease resistance of peach trees, so as to effectively prevent and treat peach gum disease.
In addition, lentinan edinan also has antiviral effect, which can inhibit the replication and spread of virus, further protect peach trees from the invasion of viral diseases, and has the effect of preventing multiple diseases with one application.
The usual concentration range of lentinan for the prevention and control of peach tree gelatinous disease is 0.5%, and 50~75 ml/barrel of fragrant polysaccharide water can be sprayed.
Picture 17~18): The growth of young peach fruits in the field
Application of microbial agents and their compounds in the process of efficient prevention and control of peach gum disease:
Microbial preparations and their compound preparations, such as Bacillus subtilis and jelly-like bacillus compound preparations, are the hot spots in the research and application of pesticides in the field of peach gelatinous disease prevention and control in recent years.
These microbial preparations and their compound preparations can use the competitive relationship between beneficial microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria to inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling peach gum disease. At the same time, microbial agents are environmentally friendly and will not cause pollution and damage to peach trees and the ecological environment.
The "Peach Tree Flow Gum Perforator" sold in the agricultural materials market is actually a compound preparation of "Bacillus subtilis" and "Jelly-like Bacillus oides", with an effective number of viable bacteria of 10 billion/ml.
Picture 19~20): Peach nutrition and reproductive growth period
Kemlegum is a compound preparation of "lentinan polysaccharides" and "Bacillus subtilis", and the effective viable bacteria factor of Bacillus subtilis is 2 billion/ml.
The main effective ingredients of Aifengshou "Peach Disease Qing" microbial inoculant for peach gum disease are also "Bacillus subtilis" and "lentinan mushroom". Therefore, the compound preparation of Bacillus subtilis and lentinan mushroom polysaccharides has a relatively good effect in the prevention and control of peach gum disease, and it is also a highly effective agent favored by fruit farmers.
In addition to the above agents, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, iprodiamide, and Pythium are also conventional agents that can be used to prevent and treat peach gum disease, and can also be used as a "substitute" to play a "key" role when the agent is used in rotation.
Picture 21~22): Formation stage of peach flow gum disease
Words written at the end of the prevention and control of "peach tree gum disease":
In summary, the prevention and treatment of peach gum disease requires the comprehensive use of a variety of agents.
In the actual production and application of peach trees, we need to select appropriate agents for prevention and control according to the incidence of peach gum disease, the types of pathogenic bacteria and the characteristics of pesticides.
At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the use and dosage of pesticides to ensure the control effect while avoiding adverse effects on peach trees (pesticide damage) and the environment.
Through the scientific and rational use of various agents, we can effectively control the occurrence and spread of peach gum disease, ensure the healthy growth and development of peach trees and the quality of fruits, and ensure the good income of fruit farmers planting peach trees.
Picture 23~24): Reasonable load of peach can reduce disease