The weather is gradually getting hotter, some children suddenly have a fever, herpes on their hands and feet, parents need to pay attention to the fact that hand, foot and mouth disease has entered the epidemic period, and they should seek medical attention in time after being found.
Don't panic in the season of high incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease, the most important thing is to do a good job in prevention and control, as the so-called "know yourself and know your opponent, you will not be defeated in a hundred battles", let's learn about hand, foot and mouth disease together. 👇👇👇
01What is Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease?
手足口病（Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease, HFMD）是由多种肠道病毒引起的一种儿童常见传染病，好发于5岁以下的婴幼儿。
The main symptoms of the disease are herpes on the hands, feet, mouth, buttocks and other parts, hence the name. Hand, foot and mouth disease is generally short-lived, and most people recover within a week. The epidemic period of hand, foot and mouth disease in our province is from April to July.
02What are the symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease?
The clinical manifestations of hand, foot and mouth disease are complex and diverse, mainly manifested as fever, rash on the hands, feet, mouth, buttocks and other parts, and may be accompanied by cough, runny nose, loss of appetite and other symptoms. Some cases present only with a rash or herpangina, and in some cases there may be no rash.
Most children have a good prognosis, usually within 1 week with no sequelae. A small number of children can rapidly affect the nervous system after the onset of the disease, manifested as brainstem encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, cerebrospinal meningitis, etc., and the mortality rate of children who develop circulatory failure and neurogenic pulmonary edema is high.
03How is hand, foot and mouth disease transmitted?
Hand, foot and mouth disease is transmitted in a variety of ways and is easily realized.
- Infection occurs mainly through direct contact with feces, herpes fluid, nasopharyngeal secretions, saliva and contact with contaminated hands, towels, handkerchiefs, dental cups, toys, cutlery, feeding bottles, bedding and other items or environment;
- Respiratory transmission (coughing, sneezing, etc.);
- Drinking or eating water and food contaminated with the virus can also cause infection.
04What should I do if I have hand, foot and mouth disease?
In addition to the relevant treatment in the hospital, parents should also do the following 6 things within 7~10 days of home isolation:
- Do a good job of health monitoring: Parents should continue to do a good job of health monitoring, if there is a persistent high fever (body temperature above 38.5°C for more than 3 days), neurological abnormalities (malaise, drowsiness, irritability, irritability or limb tremors and convulsions, etc.) may progress to serious illness in the short term, and the child should be sent to the hospital immediately.
- Do a good job of cleaning and disinfection: regularly clean the furniture, toys, floors, etc., secretions, vomit or excrement of patients, as well as items or environments contaminated by them, wipe or soak and disinfect with chlorine-containing disinfectant in time after cleaning, and wipe or rinse with water after 30 minutes.
- Keep your skin clean and dry: Avoid infections at the herpes site.
- Avoid crowded places.
- Dietary modifications: Give easy-to-digest, nutrient-dense foods and avoid irritating foods.
- Psychological care: pay attention to the psychological needs of children, and give care and support.
05How to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease?
1. Pay attention to personal hygiene: Practice good handwashing habits, especially after touching public objects.
2. Maintain environmental hygiene: Clean the home environment regularly and keep the room ventilated.
3. Avoid crowded places: During the high incidence of the disease, try to avoid taking your child to crowded public places.
4. Vaccination: According to the doctor's advice, vaccinate your child against hand, foot and mouth disease in time.
Producer: Fan Tao
Reviewer: Zeng Guojie Editor: Zeng Yujuan Source: Hunan CDC WeChat public account Submission email: [email protected] Legal Counsel: Deng Zhiqing lawyer (13037399976)