The second paragraph of Article 13 of the "Social Insurance Law" stipulates that when the basic pension insurance fund is insufficient, the government will give subsidies. The reason for the lack of payment from the pension fund is not valid, and the logic that experts say that delaying retirement affects the employment of young people is also not valid. Accordingly, the state and society need to discuss the reasons for hyping up delayed retirement.
The logic that experts are reluctant to retire normally does not hold water
1. The reason why the Western social pension fund "eats too much food".
In Western countries, there are usually two ways to contribute to retirement funds, or raise them, namely, tax collection and commercial insurance raising. The specific correspondence is roughly that in Western statutory law countries, taxes are levied on retirement funds, while in unwritten Western countries, commercial insurance raises retirement funds.
Most Western countries do not have a "price law", and the reason why they do not have a price law is to facilitate the pricing of capital. This phenomenon is equivalent to the "cattle market" in mainland China, that is, the price of the same cattle "passing through the first hand" is different. The overall trend of prices in Western countries is stable and rising.
As far as the pension tax collection system is concerned, the state determines the collection rate according to factors such as the price at the time of collection. As far as pension commercial insurance financing is concerned, the individual is generally determined by the price level at that time. The government, or the power of those in power, is limited, and capitalist countries cannot increase wages and prices, and raise the level of pension benefits in a timely manner, so that Western social pension funds "eat more than they can eat".
Western Social Pension Fund
2. The mainland pension fund is mainly subsidized by the government
According to Article 2 of the Social Insurance Law, social insurance in mainland China mainly includes basic endowment insurance, basic medical insurance, work-related injury insurance, unemployment insurance, maternity insurance, etc., and the aforementioned social security is compulsory. Due to the strong or far-reaching influence of private capital, the current social insurance of "migrant workers" and online terminal services such as food delivery workers and drivers in the mainland is not "compulsory".
To this end, in July 2018, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Reform Plan for the Collection and Management System of National and Local Taxes". According to the scheme, from January 1, 2019, the pension fund will be collected by the tax department. However, on the whole, there is still a lot of resistance to the collection of taxes by pension funds. For example, the current state policy on migrant workers' wages is resolved through labor dispatch, but there is no provision for social insurance.
From the analysis of the proportion of composition, the pension fund is mainly subsidized by the government. The retirement fund is formed after the individual contributes 8% of the standard salary and the employer contributes 12%. According to the second paragraph of Article 13 of the Social Insurance Law, when the basic pension insurance fund is insufficient, the government will give subsidies.
In accordance with the provisions of Article 18 of the Social Insurance Law, the State shall establish a mechanism for the normal adjustment of basic pensions. When the average wage of in-service workers increases and prices rise, the state appropriately and timely increases the level of basic pension insurance benefits, according to which the mainland pension fund is mainly subsidized by the government.
For example, if collective land is publicly owned, according to the second paragraph of Article 48 of the Land Management Law, the social security expenses of the land-expropriated farmers shall be arranged in accordance with the law for the expropriation of rural land. In contrast, capitalist countries have private ownership of the main means of production, and the government cannot subsidize pension funds.
3. Speculation on the reasons for delayed retirement
Paragraph 3 of Article 64 of the Social Insurance Law stipulates that the basic pension insurance fund shall be gradually coordinated at the national level, and other social insurance funds shall be gradually coordinated at the provincial level, and the specific time and steps shall be prescribed by the State Council. On January 14, 2015, the State Council issued the Decision on the Reform of the Pension Insurance System for Employees of Government Institutions and Institutions in accordance with the authorization of the law.
Decision (4) provides for a transitional approach to the "Chinese people". A 10-year transition period will be established for those who joined the work before October 1, 2014 and retired after the reform. After the end of the transition period, retirees will implement the new measures, that is, until September 30, 2024, the basic pension insurance fund will be nationally pooled.
The overall planning of the whole country affects the interests of many people. On the one hand, after the end of the transition period, the gap between the retirement benefits of public employees and ordinary personnel only includes occupational pensions and enterprise annuities. On the other hand, the establishment of organs that have not been approved by the State Council and the establishment of institutions that have not been examined and approved by the establishment agency of the State Council are no longer entitled to the treatment of public employees.
During the transition period, the new and old treatment calculation and payment methods will be compared, and the minimum guarantee limit will be high. That is, the treatment of "middle-aged people" is relatively high, for example, if the remuneration of "middle-aged persons" is lower than the standard of treatment under the old method, it shall be paid according to the standard of treatment under the old method, and the treatment shall not be reduced. Due to the large number of unapproved and approved public employees, in retirement practice, the relevant institutions do not verify the standard salary according to the items that are the sum of the salary base of individual contributions, for example, the basic pension is paid by the police rank allowance, but it is not included in the standard salary.
Based on the above facts and reasons, the groups that hype about delayed retirement include public officials who are close to the age of "middle-aged people", as well as "on-staff" public officials who have not been approved and approved. From the substantive analysis, there are certain reasons for the speculation of public officials who are close to the age of "middle people", but the speculation of "on-staff" personnel without approval and approval can be evaluated as "private interests".
Hype about the reasons for delayed retirement
On the whole, many experts may also be "on the staff" without approval and approval, such as supernumeraries in research institutions. Delayed retirement will definitely affect the employment of young people, but many experts say that the "logic" of employment difficulties and delayed retirement is not valid. What is the logical structure? The simplest logical structure is "1+1=2" and "1-1=0", and normal retirement and job creation is the logical structure of delayed retirement and employment.