Mainland light industry, textile industry
It involves many areas of people's daily consumption
It is to prosper the market, increase exports, expand employment, and serve the "three rural" areas
Important industries
however
Light industry and textile industry exist
High-risk places such as dust explosion, liquid ammonia refrigeration, and limited space
Major accidents occur from time to time
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Accident cases
At around 9:20 on May 7, 2023, a limited space poisoning and suffocation accident occurred in the casein production section of Linxia Hua'an Biological Products Co., Ltd., Linxia Economic Development Zone, Gansu Province, resulting in 4 deaths, 2 injuries, and direct economic losses of 5.15 million yuan. The investigation determined that the accident was a large production safety liability accident caused by illegal operation and blind rescue of personnel.
The accident investigation report shows that from April 29 to May 3, 2023, Huaan Biotech did not carry out production operations due to the May Day holiday, and resumed production operations after the holiday on May 4.
At 8 o'clock in the morning on May 7, Guo Mouyong, deputy director of the casein production workshop, handed over the shift to Ma Mouming, deputy director of the casein production workshop, after getting off work at night, and Ma Mouming arranged for the casein production workshop to dissolve the section of the feeding worker He Mouping, the general worker of the workshop Ma Moubu, the separator technician Ma Moumai, and the person in charge of the sewage station Bai Mouyan, the director of the raw material warehouse Ma Mouming and others entered the predetermined position of their respective workshops for normal production operations.
At about 9 o'clock, He Mouping found that the valve of the discharge pipeline in the dissolution section HA-GR-002 was wound and blocked by the falling raw material fiber bag, and did not report the situation to other personnel, so he decided to enter the tank to clean up the blockage of the discharge pipeline valve.
At 9:20, He Mouping fainted after entering the HA-GR-002 dissolving tank, and Ma Mouming, who came to the dissolving section to check the production situation, found He Mouping in the HA-GR-002 dissolving tank, and immediately notified Ma Moubu, who was accompanying him, to quickly find someone to rescue.
At 9:21, Ma Mouming, who was waiting for rescuers, entered the tank alone to rescue He Mouping, and Ma Mouming carried He Mouping to the movable ladder in the tank and fainted at the bottom of the tank.
At 9:22, after Ma Moubu and Ma Moumai, who came over, pulled He Mouping out of the can mouth and lifted him to the blanking platform, Ma Moubu went to find someone to rescue, and Ma Moumai fainted when he entered the tank alone to rescue Ma Mouming.
At 9:24, Ma Mousheng, the general manager and director of the production plant, Ding Mouzhong, Bai Mouyan, Ma Mouxian, and Ma Mou, the director of the amino acid workshop, rushed to the blanking platform outside the workshop, and found that Ma Moumai and Ma Mouming had fainted at the bottom of the tank in the HA-GR-002 dissolving tank, and Ma Mousheng wanted to enter the tank for rescue but was blocked by Ding Mouzhong, and then, Ding Mouzhong entered the tank, and then fainted after the rescue was fruitless.
At 9:26, Ma Mou, the director of the raw material workshop, took 3 gas masks from the fire cabinet of the casein production workshop and quickly returned to the mouth of the HA-GR-002 dissolving tank. At this time, Ma Mouming, Ma Moumai, Ding Mouzhong, and Ma Mousheng fainted in the tank, Ma Mou wore a gas mask and found that his breathing and vision were affected, so he took off the gas mask, and with the help of Bai Mouyan, Ma Mouming and others, he tied a rope on his body and then entered the tank to rescue, and fainted soon after entering the tank.
After investigation, it was determined that the direct cause of the accident was: Huaan Biotech did not strictly implement the process control requirements, resulting in the accumulation of toxic and harmful gases such as H₂S and HCN produced by the fermentation of residual materials, and the on-site operators did not enter the tank in violation of regulations in accordance with the requirements of limited space operation without limited space safety education and training, resulting in the accident;
01
Characteristics of production safety accidents in the young textile industry in 2023
In 2023, a total of 286 production safety accidents and 284 deaths will occur in the light industry and textile industries (excluding fire, special equipment, and construction engineering accidents), including 244 accidents and 243 deaths in the light industry and 42 accidents and 41 deaths in the textile industry.
A total of 6 major accidents occurred in the light industry and textile industry, and 23 people died. Among them, there were 5 cases in the light industry and 20 deaths, and 1 case in the textile industry and 3 deaths.
(1) Industry distribution
According to the analysis of subdivided industries, the top five accidents in the young industry and textile industry in 2023 are: rubber and plastic products industry, paper and paper products industry, textile industry, wood processing and wood, bamboo, rattan, palm and grass products industry, and food manufacturing industry, with the number of accidents exceeding 60% of the total accidents in the light industry and textile industry.
(2) The type of accident
According to the "Classification of Casualty Accidents of Enterprise Employees" (GB 6441-86), according to the analysis of accident types, the top five accident types for young workers and textile industries in 2023 are mechanical injury, fall from height, object strike, electric shock, poisoning and suffocation, and the number of accidents accounts for about 90% of the total accidents in the light industry and textile industry.
02
Security Risk Warning
In general, there are high-risk places such as dust explosion, liquid ammonia refrigeration, and limited space in the light industry and textile industries, and large accidents occur from time to time. Combined with the production process and accident lessons of the light industry and textile industry, the typical safety risks of the light industry and textile industry are summarized as follows:
No.1
Significant Risks
1. The accumulation of combustible dust such as wood dust, cotton and linen dust, sugar dust and other combustible dust at the operation site is serious, or the explosion-proof measures of the dust dry dust removal system are not in place, which may lead to dust explosion in case of ignition source.
2. Refrigerant leakage occurs in liquid ammonia and liquid nitrogen refrigeration systems such as rapid freezing devices for agricultural and sideline food processing and food manufacturing enterprises, which may lead to poisoning and suffocation.
3. Sewage treatment tanks, fermentation tanks, vegetable pickling pools, pulp pools, etc., may have toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide or limited space with insufficient oxygen content, and personnel carry out limited space operations under the condition of insufficient gas ventilation replacement and failure to do a good job of safety protection, which may lead to poisoning and suffocation.
4. Liquor blending, filling sites and liquor warehouses form an explosive gas atmosphere during storage or operation, which may lead to explosion when encountering ignition sources.
5. When the gas is out of pressure, backfire may cause an explosion when the gas is out of pressure.
6. When an explosive gas atmosphere is formed in the paint mixing room and spray booth using non-water-based paint during the operation, it may cause an explosion when encountering an ignition source.
7. Lithium-ion batteries stored by battery manufacturers and lithium-ion battery warehouses with safety defects such as flatulence, short circuit, damage, and overcharge may lead to explosion or fire.
8. In the process of liquid chlorine vaporization in pulp manufacturing and papermaking enterprises, it may lead to explosion or poisoning and suffocation.
No.2
Greater risk
1. Material collapse occurs during the operation of raw and auxiliary silos such as grain and sugar in light industry enterprises, which may lead to the burial of operators.
2. Warehouses with large quantities of combustibles, such as textile and garment warehouses, may cause explosions or fires.
3. The baking and frying equipment of food manufacturing enterprises is running at overtemperature, and the overheating of oil may cause fire or explosion.
4. The deformation and cracking of the glass furnace body of the daily glass manufacturing enterprise may cause the leakage of high-temperature glass liquid.
5. The vaporization chamber, oil and gas storage tank, and heat medium furnace of the heat setting process of textile enterprises may cause explosion or fire due to gas or heat conduction oil leakage.
6. Textile enterprises insurance powder, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, carved white powder (hanging white block) and other materials storage, or insurance powder in contact with water, may occur chemical reaction resulting in explosion or fire.
No.3
New risks
With the economic and social development, a large number of new industries, new processes, new products and new technologies in the light industry and textile industry have emerged rapidly, bringing new safety risks.
1. Lithium-ion batteries in the production, charge and discharge, use, storage and other links due to the internal thermal runaway of the battery caused by fire explosion or hydrogen leakage accumulation caused by explosion.
2. Light industry enterprises use anaerobic fermentation technology to produce biogas by recycling distiller's grains, soybean meal, etc. and high-concentration wastewater, which may explode.
3. Enterprises use liquid nitrogen and liquid carbon dioxide as refrigerants to quickly freeze food. Environmental protection processes such as capping of sewage treatment rooms, regenerative combustion (RTO), and catalytic combustion (RCO) also bring safety risks such as toxic and harmful, flammable and explosive gas accumulation.
03
Suggested next steps
(1) Continue to deepen the three-year action to tackle the root causes. Through the three-year action to tackle the root causes, focusing on the transformation of the safety governance model to the goal of pre-prevention, the implementation of the safety production source treatment project, and the strengthening of the special management of key safety risks. Carry out special treatment for key links such as dust explosion-related, ammonia-related refrigeration, and limited space operations in light industry and textile enterprises. Pay close attention to the new situation and new problems, organize and carry out risk surveys in the light industry and textile industries, comprehensively strengthen safety risk management and control, and urge enterprises to prevent and resolve major safety risks and continuously improve their risk management and control capabilities for industries that are prone to frequent accidents.
(2) Continue to carry out expert guidance services for the safety of confined space operations. Continue to organize and carry out expert guidance services for the safety of confined space operations, On-site assistance and other means to improve the safety awareness of the main person in charge of the enterprise and the guardians of the limited space, promote and improve the guardian responsibility system for the limited space, guide the enterprise to carry out the dynamic clearance of the hidden dangers of major accidents in the limited space, help the key enterprises in industry and trade that are prone to hydrogen sulfide poisoning accidents to improve the ability of risk identification and control in the limited space, and drive all regions of the country to comprehensively carry out the expert guidance service of limited space operations, and effectively curb the large accidents of limited space operations in the industry and trade industry.
(3) Strengthen the basic capacity building of enterprise safety production. Implement the project of improving the quality and efficiency of the enterprise safety production standardization management system, and continue to actively guide light industry and textile enterprises to carry out the creation of safety production standardization. Promote the implementation of the project to improve the safety quality and ability of enterprise employees, formulate targeted education and training programs for the main responsible persons, special operations personnel, employees of high-risk workplaces, and safety management personnel, and effectively strengthen the safety knowledge and skills of key personnel. Strengthen the safety management of dangerous operations and major risks, establish a normalized mechanism for self-inspection and self-improvement of major hidden dangers, carry out dynamic zero-out actions for major accidents, and strive to control risks from the source and fundamentally eliminate potential accidents.
(4) Accelerate the construction of security risk monitoring and early warning systems. Comprehensively promote the construction of safety risk monitoring and early warning systems for enterprises with more than 30 personnel involved in powder operations in the light industry and textile industries, explore the establishment of safety risk monitoring and early warning systems for typical limited space operations such as sewage treatment systems, and realize real-time monitoring, dynamic early warning, intelligent research and judgment and timely disposal of safety production risks. Promote large enterprises to actively explore the construction and application of "industrial Internet + safe production", and continuously improve the informatization and intelligence level of enterprise safety management. Vigorously promote the technological transformation and equipment renewal of enterprise safety, and promote the improvement of the intrinsic safety level of enterprises.
(5) Actively explore new risk control measures. In view of the new risks and new problems brought about by new energy batteries, environmental protection facilities, energy storage equipment, etc., strengthen investigation and research, timely formulate and revise relevant safety standards such as the "Safety Code for Lithium-ion Battery Production Enterprises", urge enterprises to strengthen education and training related to lithium battery safety and emergency, enhance the ability of enterprises to identify and analyze dangerous and harmful factors in new processes and new formats, improve safety operation procedures, formulate effective risk control measures, enhance the prevention ability of new risks, and improve the level of safety risk control and emergency response.
Source: Work Safety Law Enforcement and Industry and Trade Safety Supervision and Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Emergency Management