Abstract:Cameras are the main part of the vehicle assistance system, and with the accelerated evolution of automotive intelligence and networking, automotive cameras have begun to be widely used in intelligent driving, intelligent cockpit and other industries. At the same time, automotive camera manufacturers are guided by national strategies and related industrial policies, conform to the development trend and market demand of automotive intelligence, networking and integration, increase technological innovation, focus on developing high-tech value-added products, further improve the clarity and shooting breadth of automotive cameras, greatly improve product reliability, and continue to expand the scale of the automotive camera market. In 2022, the size of the mainland automotive camera market will be about 14.403 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 67%. At present, the rapid development of the new energy vehicle manufacturing market in mainland China provides a huge market space for automotive cameras, and with the rise of intelligent driving, the potential demand for vehicle visual safety assistance systems has been gradually released, boosting the rapid development of the industry.
1. Definitions and Classification
A car camera is an auxiliary driving device installed around or inside the body to monitor the environment inside and outside the cabin and provide safety for the vehicle. Its principle is to generate an optical image through the lens and project it onto the image sensor, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, and then after A/D (analog-to-digital conversion), it becomes a digital image signal, and finally sent to the digital signal processing chip for processing into a specific format of the image and transmits it to the display screen for display. According to the installation location and purpose, automotive cameras can be divided into front-view cameras, surround-view cameras, rear-view cameras, side-view cameras, and built-in cameras.
Second, industry policies
1. Competent authorities and regulatory system
The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China are in charge of the automotive camera industry, and the industry self-regulatory organizations are the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers and the China Intelligent Transportation Association. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is responsible for researching and formulating economic and social development policies, balancing aggregate volumes, guiding the reform of the overall economic system, and approving and managing projects. The main responsibilities of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology are to formulate and implement industry plans, industrial policies and standards, monitor the daily operation of industrial industries, and promote the development of major technical equipment and independent innovation.
The China Association of Automobile Manufacturers is responsible for studying the economic operation, enterprise reform, technological progress, asset restructuring and other aspects of the automobile industry, providing advice and services for the government to formulate the development plan of the automobile industry, industrial development policies, technical policies, laws and regulations, and industry reform and development direction, and formulating and supervising the implementation of industry regulations, standardizing industry behavior, coordinating peer price disputes, and maintaining fair competition. China Intelligent Transportation Association mainly provides consulting services in the field of development strategy, planning, policy and construction projects in the field of intelligent transportation; accepts the entrustment of government departments and industries to carry out research on development strategy and planning in the field of intelligent transportation; studies and formulates relevant standards for intelligent transportation, participates in international standardization activities; organizes technical and management training in the field of intelligent transportation; organizes academic research and exchanges in the field of intelligent transportation at home and abroad, edits, Publish books, periodicals and information materials in the field of intelligent transportation, establish communication channels in the field of intelligent transportation at home and abroad, and promote the exchange of technology and industry in the field of intelligent transportation.
2. Industry-related policies
The mainland is a major consumer and manufacturing country of automobiles, and the automobile industry plays a pivotal role in the development of the mainland's national economy. With the continuous development of the digital economy such as the Internet and 5G communication, the Internet of Vehicles has become an emerging industrial form in which the new generation of network communication technology is deeply integrated with automobiles, electronics, road transportation and other fields. Intelligent networked vehicles are equipped with advanced on-board sensors, controllers, actuators and other devices, and integrate modern communication and network technology to realize the exchange and sharing of intelligent information between vehicles, roads, people, and clouds, and have functions such as complex environment perception, intelligent decision-making, and collaborative control, and can realize "safe, efficient, comfortable, and energy-saving" driving. In recent years, the central government and relevant competent departments have successively issued a series of relevant laws and regulations and support policies for the automotive industry, providing favorable policy guarantees for the development of the automotive electronics industry. As the basic component of intelligent perception and imaging system, automotive cameras have provided guidance for the development of the automotive camera industry in mainland China and promoted the rapid development of the industry.
3. Industry barriers
1. Barriers to technology research and development
As one of the important types of auto parts, automotive cameras are used to perceive, calculate, and execute the various states and functions of the car, so the stability of its quality and the advancement of functions will directly affect the safety and comfort of the whole vehicle. Automotive camera products are often developed according to the technical requirements of vehicle manufacturers or in collaboration with vehicle manufacturers, manufacturers need to fully understand the design concept of vehicle manufacturers, and apply new materials, new processes and new technologies to product development, which tests the technical research and development strength and process design ability of the technology research and development team, thus forming a high technical research and development barrier.
2. Talent barriers
As an upstream supplier of the automobile industry, automotive camera companies need to have strong management and corresponding supporting capabilities for technology development, advanced manufacturing technology and stable product quality. Therefore, comprehensive technical personnel with professional knowledge and rich management accumulation are the key to ensuring product quality. At the same time, automotive camera products are updated rapidly, and enterprises need to reserve a large number of professional research and development talents in the fields of software, electronics, communications, sensing, structural design and engineering design to keep up with the market development trend, thus forming a high talent barrier.
3. Financial barriers
In recent years, the continuous development of the global automotive industry has led to an increase in the demand for automotive cameras and other components. Automobile manufacturers, especially domestic vehicle manufacturers, pay special attention to the timeliness and large-scale supply capacity of suppliers when selecting parts suppliers. Automotive camera suppliers need to invest a lot of money in plant construction, equipment purchase and inventory stocking to ensure the continuous and stable supply of products, which to a certain extent tests the financial strength of new competitors.
Fourth, the industrial chain
1. Analysis of the industry chain
The upstream of the automotive camera industry chain is optical lenses, image sensors, signal processors, voice coil motors and other components. The image sensor is the core component of the vehicle camera, which can convert the light collected through the lens into an electrical signal and then generate an image, so the performance of the image sensor directly affects the imaging quality of the vehicle camera. At present, the image sensors on the market are mainly divided into two types: CCD and CMOS, among which CMOS image sensors are widely used in the field of vehicle cameras due to their advantages of low cost and high efficiency, and the market supply is relatively sufficient. The downstream of the industrial chain is automobile manufacturing, unmanned driving and other application fields. Benefiting from the development of the wave of automotive intelligence, various automobile manufacturers have accelerated the layout of unmanned vehicle R&D and production, and the development of the automotive camera market has entered the fast lane.
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