In the autumn of 1947, I returned to Yanyuan, where I was still studying in the Department of Spanish. At that time, Mr. Qian Zhongshu was teaching foreign literature at Tsinghua University. The two schools of Yanjing and Tsinghua University are "close by", and I often walk the path of the garden in the north of Chengfu Village to visit friends in Tsinghua Garden. My friend also reads foreign languages, and often tells me about Mr. Qian. (The northern part of Yenching University includes Langrun Garden, which is named after the righteousness of the battle with Tsinghua University, and the cover is taken from Tang Taizong's "Holy Order" praising Master Xuanzang as "pine wind and water moon, not enough to compare with its Qinghua; When I returned to Yan University, after a gap of six years, the school also suffered a huge setback, there were few teachers and students with old acquaintances, and Mr. Yan Jianbi of the Chinese Department did not treat me as a "student", but talked about learning when I met, and he recommended Mr. Qian's "Talking Art Record" to me. I borrowed this book from my brother Wu Yunzeng, a teacher in the Department of Philosophy. This is the reason why I first "know" Mr. Qian, and I read it deeply and like this kind of academic path.
In 1941, the author (left) and his classmate Zhang Jinjian took a photo at the gate of Yenching University (now the West Gate of Peking University)
Yan Jianbi published a book review of Tan Yilu in the 35th issue of the Yenching Journal (published in December 1948).
Later, a friend helped me to listen to Mr. Qian's lecture once, and he spoke pure "British English" (different from "American English"), spoke chic, extraordinary, worthy of being a famous professor, and won the admiration of the students.
But our interaction is not a teacher-student friendship, but it has a bit of a "legendary" color.
Around the autumn of 1948, because of reading Shelley's Ode to the West Wind ("Ode to the West Wind"), on a whim, he translated the "Sao Ti" of "Chu Ci" into a Chinese poem. When friends saw it and appreciated it, they showed it to Mr. Qian. Since then, he has been obtained. Remember a letter of Huizha Youyun (to the effect): If you have to be a hero, it is not worth coming to the north!
I am afraid that the beautiful compliments given to me by my friends have also played a role, so that Mr. Qian was so interested in inviting me, a student, to dinner. I feel like it's a real honor. Of course, I can't forget Mrs. Yang Jiang's grand intentions, and I have to worry about the food. What I remember clearly is that there is a plate of boiled prawns, which is called "prawns" in Jingu, which is a rare and good product in Beijing at that time. Most of my memory is out of order - this conversation between the meals, I no longer have a word in my chest, I only remember that under the touch, I came back and made a poem of seven laws, with high ambition and special feelings:
Mr. Xin Mao Duanyang Mocun summoned the meal and was grateful
The thousand-year-old indignation is still sinking, and the eternal pan river is shaking. On this day, the high feast is connected to the sky, and Sven Weixu is a sect. The quinoa fire in the pavilion is divided into new photos, and the words of the gods should be long-term (the first sentence after the meeting is to say that the ear is just listening to one's own inner music, and it is inseparable from the meaning of the old work "empty mountain silently drum the heartstrings"). Always borrowing celebrities to forget their hometown (spent in Congbi Park on this day last year), the vast way home is full of wine.
There have been many seven-law poems that we advocated for harmony, and there were original rhymes between me and him, and he wrote back to praise me for rhyming "like the soil and the land", that is, the metaphor of blending together without any trace of reluctance. It's a pity that there is not a word.
At that time, I was very interested in translating in English and Chinese, and I chose the best goals, in order to test my language skills and sincerity. Once I selected Lu Xun's "Moro Poetry Theory", Lu Weng's strange and ancient "new literary language", no one in the world could do it, and no one had ever spoken about it, and that kind of unique wind and god literary language made me fall for it, and I dared to translate it into English, originally to introduce it to the West; the translation was completed, but I was stuck by several very long foreign names, and I was ashamed to know everything, and I couldn't check the original text; so I cited twelve names that were missing translations or had questions, and asked Mr. Qian for advice, and Mr. Qian gave a detailed answer -- there was no second person in the world who could do this.
Mr. Meng's Reply, the only surviving letter, is as follows:
Written by my brother who shoots fish:
奉教并大什，喜与惭会。 适以城中派人向校方磋商续借不才一年事，历六未及遄复，幸恕之也。 大什嘻笑怒骂，莫非绝妙好词，驱使故实，左右逢源，意匠心兵，绝倒绝倒。 “杨陆”一首，“文字”可易“诗笔”。 “诚放观生”四字稍生硬，且放翁自言“观”是仄声，此处须易本字为平声以救之，不如径易去此四字。 “和人韵”第二首结句“近居洛”易“居洛下”何如？臆见妄陈，乞裁择焉。 垂询各节，自愧俭腹，又译文似鲁迅大师手笔，逾淮为枳，借面吊丧，无从窥见真相。 其一望可知者：（1）出Heroes & Hero Worship, “Hero as Poet”末节。 （4）又即Childe Harolde,IV:“I love not man the less, but Nature more.” （6）见Byron,Journal,Dec.13,1813.
（8）即Confessions,Lib.III,I,1:“Nondum amabam,et amare amabam”etc.译文有误，当曰“吾尚未有所爱而吾欲爱，吾深有所求而自恨无所求”（可检英译本一看）。 余如 Shelley, Byron语，检二家尺牍、传记当可得之。 （12）不解，奈何。 原件附璧。 匆布，即颂
Summer Peace
Brother Qian Chung Shuton's first Sunday afternoon
This kind of writing and content is difficult for today's readers to understand more than 50 years later, so they roughly describe the original story in order to participate in the meeting.
1. "Shooting Fish" is my nickname "Shooting Fish Village" when I was a teenager (the allusion comes from the birthplace of the poet Yong I was born in the early Qing Dynasty).
2. The title of "talented person" is that when Mr. saw me translate the famous poem "Ode to the West Wind" by the English poet Shelley in the style of "Chu Ci", he praised me with a letter of praise and borrowing, and since then he has called me "talent". Forget the year's bosom friend, the business teacher Gu Sui is outside, and Mr. Qian is the first person.
3. The "Dashi" mentioned refers to the two articles of the Seven Words and Laws, that is, the "Yang Lu Yi" and "Heren Rhyme" referred to in the letter, which are recorded here:
Southern Song Dynasty Yang Lu two family council
Qianchun characters determine who is male, and sincerely view the similarities and differences between the living books. The two words of decadence and Tang Dynasty are worn by mistake, and Bailian Gong is ingenious. The endless resounding is full of tragedy, and he is willing to flow to the side of the illusory void. Drizzle riding camel sword door language, Yingchuan hates to be for Guimeng.
The compilation group of Danqing is a craftsman, and the heavenly machine is separated from dust. It is difficult to follow the falcon for a hundred turns, and it is good to cut the tail in a single row. Who will hurt the eyes of the golden embankment, and there is no word for ecstasy. The family didn't dare to report to the court, and a slap in the South Park could be slow.
From the Xinghua brothers, the two chapters are not stingy, and they plough each other, but the eight rhymes are reported
Branches and grasses who are the six bodies, there are habits and leaks that may be difficult to remove. There are fewer Han Lingshi in the group of mourning, and more grave books should be drawn from the soil break. Ji Shitang heard about the wildebeest, and saw the tax fish at that time. When the withered quinoa continues to burn, Shangfa still listens to Confucianism.
The crowd gradually wants to waste the river, and there are many notes about the salary and ashes. A rain and thunder sink into the summer soil, and ten years of longitudinal business songs. Fox Ming Chen Wang is the only one who is right, and the book is the same and different. And the inorganic clouds are close to Luo, and Xu Congzhou is discussing.
Mr. taught that the four characters of "sincerity and view of life" were blunt, and he thought that the word "view" should be used to remove the sound (仄), and the sound of the word should be replaced. There is a misunderstanding here. The four characters are to say: the two masters of the Southern Song Dynasty poetry circle, Yang Wanli called himself "Cheng Zhai", and Lu You called himself "Fang Weng", from the words "Cheng" and "Fang", we can see the huge difference between the two people's outlook on life and attitude and style. "Guansheng" is the title given by the Six Dynasties' "Guansheng I", not referring to Lu You's expression "Wuguan" (here "Guan" must be read to the sound, the Song people have been mistaken, so Lu You is self-justified).
Fourth, the word "calendar six" used in Mr.'s letter omits the meaning of busyness in today's common saying. More than Huai for the orange, refers to the ancient saying, the orange tree over the Huai will turn into the orange, metaphor "out of shape" and "taste" also. Borrowing the face to mourn, it is also an ancient saying, the metaphor is plausible, and the appearance is detached...... The two sentences are very precise jokes about the difficult period of translation.
At that time, I had excellent eyesight, and the English translation was very small, but now my eyes are so bad that I am blind and difficult to read a word. Although I received the guidance of Mr. at that time, I still failed to check and improve it, and now the translation has become a waste paper, and I am afraid that no one can read it and publish it "out".
The library was a surprising treasure trove, where you could find the books you were looking for without any hassle and without any hassle of formalities, and borrowing them was extremely convenient: just sign your library card (or student number). I, a Spanish student, borrowed thread-bound books, and an interesting phenomenon appeared:
When I looked at the library card, it was blank, and I was surprised that I was the first borrower in many years. In addition, there are several collections of poems and essays of the early Qing Dynasty, and there is a signatory on the book card - it is actually "Qian Zhongshu".
For example, Gu Chifang (Jing Xing) of Shun and Kang Shi's "Baimaotang Poetry Collection" has only been borrowed by the two of us, but there are ink pen annotations on the book's eyebrows, and you can see that this is Mr. Qian's handwriting. I couldn't help but marvel at his breadth of reading.
There are a few other things that are mentioned in passing. The first time I visited him, I brought a bunch of opinions from reading "Tan Yilu", and submitted it for reference (the content has long been forgotten, and there seems to be a clause that proposes that "credit" is meaningless in the poem, and does not make "more" explanations). He took it and put it at the window of the small back window (the house in Tsinghua was very simple at that time, not the same as it is now), and he did not read it immediately. As for whether there is any foolishness in the new edition of "Tan Yilu" after the liberation, I have never been able to read it again, and I still don't know it. I still remember that when talking about the charm of Chinese poetry, Mr. Qian said: Shen Yun is a real existence, not mysterious, but some people can't understand it, so they think it doesn't matter. For example, my servant (in English) doesn't care what Shen Yun is.
I think what he means is to show that this is a matter of cultural upbringing, and it cannot be imposed on everyone, and at the same time, it also shows that Shen Yun is a characteristic of Chinese culture, and whether it is the same as the West?
Again, my undergraduate dissertation was an English translation of Lu Ji's Wen Fu, the foreword of which was published in Studia Serica, which mentioned that Mr. Qian translated "Wen Fu" as A fu-poem on Literature in the English preface to Lin Fangqing's English translation of Lisao. I think the meaning of Literature is too broad, so it is better to change it to ...... on writing - because the purpose of "Wenfu" is to "gain and lose for writing", that is, the experience of writing. I had not yet met Mr. Qian when I wrote this article, but Tang Zhisong, another student of Tsinghua University, gave Mr. Qian a copy of the humble text out of the kindness of a "saying item". Because of the "objections" in the article, I never dared to ask what kind of thoughts he would have, nor did I see where there was any discussion. But from the cordial way we have since then, there is no sign of him minding.
Author's Undergraduate Dissertation: English Translation of Lu Ji's Wenfu
But in the sixties, an indescribable state of affairs occurred, that is, a new name suddenly appeared in various critical movements, called "waving the white flag".
Originally, at that time, we were talking about the need to give prominence to politics and academic research without bringing out the political character (in fact, it was not referring to the essence of the ideological level, but only to introduce some revolutionary words and phrases as decorations), and it was called authoritarianism but not red, and it was called "white dictatorship road," which was unacceptable (approaching the danger of "reactionary"). As soon as the movement began, they were looking for the target of the "white dictatorship". At that time, the leaders of the society were already "black," and the comrade in charge of the classical department was the most political, and he was the most active in grasping the movement. Therefore, a "criticism group" was formed, and they had to speak one after another, and it was necessary to distinguish between the major rights and wrongs of the "red" and "white" roads.
Qian Zhongshu's "Selected Notes on Song Poems" was first published in September 1958
In the "Critique Group", Mai Chaoshu is in charge of poetry in business, and I was originally a fiction major, but because I also have a "poem name", I am also arranged in the group. In one evening, a meeting was held to "approve money". Mai Lao Cantonese is not eloquent, and he is very unpleasant to speak "Mandarin", but I am better than him - Tianjin people learn to speak Beijing dialect. Presumably, because of this, my "speech" is "good". But this is an internal movement. Unexpectedly, the "group" sorted out a critical article and submitted it to "Literary Heritage" for public development, and to my great surprise, I did not use the signature of the "criticism group of a certain society" to end up with a cheap name in three big characters! Of course, this may be all out of good intentions -- it is to value me, train me, and guide me (I am a "white type"). But in this way, things became "personalized", and Mr. Qian and I were openly put in an "opposite" position. I don't know what others are saying. When Mr. Qian saw it, what did he feel in his heart, and what kind of "evaluation" did he make about my "change"? I am not completely unbiased academically about the Selected Commentaries on Song Poems, which is of a different nature. Now it has become an embarrassing political situation. Mr. Qian will never pay attention to me again, and I have no intention of defending myself, because I should take the blame. One day in 1998, the news of Mr. Qian's death suddenly came. I can't help but feel sad from it, that is, to express my condolences in a clumsy sentence:
The stars in the sky are dim, and the death of the master is deeply saddened. Avoid being famous and famous, and thank you for learning from your own school. The falling pipe cone is humble in himself, who is in the vast Chinese and foreign. vaguely fifty years ago, the blue eyes are warm.
Faced with the surviving treasures of Mr. Qian's page, I had mixed feelings and couldn't help myself. I am writing this small article to disclose the original document of Mr. for scholars to appreciate the knowledge and literature of the previous masters, and the enthusiasm and sincerity he has for treating the younger students as I am (Mr. has given a lot of papers, which is enough for future generations to look up to). And he has learned nothing, and he is useless, and he is deeply disappointed by the expectations of the husband of the day, and he is very guilty, and it is really difficult to declare. Mr. In the past, I don't know if there are still famous teachers like Mr. today? I can't help but sigh and put the pen down.
(Selected from "Mentor and Friend Period", the original title "Blue Eyes Greet Each Other and Feel Thick Knowledge-Mr. Qian Zhongshu".) The explanatory text of the letter is edited according to the handwriting of Zhou Ruchang's mentor and friend)
From Hu Shi, Wu Mi, Gu Sui to Huang Shang, Tang Degang, Xia Zhiqing,
The collection of Mr. Zhou Ruchang, a master of red studies
102 modern scholars and writers' books, poems and ink,
The first color photocopy and interpretation was published
"Zhou Ruchang's Mentor and Friend's Handwriting", edited by Zhou Lunling, Zhao Lintao, Zhao Dahai, Commentary, 978-7-101-15590-7
680.00 yuan
Mr. Zhou Ruchang (1918-2012) studied at Yenching University twice at an early age, and later taught at West China University and Sichuan University in Chengdu. He returned to Beijing in 1954 and served as an editor of the People's Literature Publishing House and a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Arts. From the 40s of the 20th century to the beginning of the new century, Mr. Zhou not only wrote a large number of academic treatises, essays and poems, including "The Dream of the Red Chamber" and "Poetry Appreciation Meeting", participated in the collation and editing of ancient literary books, but also properly preserved a number of precious documents, which are extremely rich in the number of teachers and friends, calligraphy and painting ink. These documents contain a wealth of cultural and academic information, and have important historical and cultural relics value. In view of this, the editorial department of Chung Hwa Book Company has invited Ms. Zhou Lunling to compile this book, and photocopy and publish the more representative poems and paintings of Mr. Zhou's mentor and friend Hanza and poems and paintings according to their original appearance, and attach a reference commentary, so as to benefit Xuelin and serve as a reference for relevant research.
(Co-ordinator: Yibei; Editor: Siqi)