Wang Lisheng: The threefold logic of the "four discussions and two openness" working method
Learn to think about peace
★★★★★
Abstract:The "Four Discussions and Two Disclosures" working method is a successful paradigm for the modernization of rural governance system and governance capacity in China. From the perspective of generative logic, the theoretical basis of the "four discussions and two openness" working method is the Marxist concept of democracy, which is rooted in the excellent traditional Chinese culture and the practice of democratic political construction of the Communist Party of China. From the perspective of theoretical logic, its logical theme is to uphold and develop socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics, the logical position is people-centered, the logical connotation is whole-process people's democracy, the logical characteristics are the unity of party spirit and people's nature, theory and practice, universality and particularity, co-construction and sharing, process and result, integrity and innovation, and the logical method is a dialectical, historical, systematic and innovative thinking method. From the perspective of development logic, we must continue to promote grassroots governance in depth and adhere to the supremacy of the people and consciously grasp the value position of grassroots governance; persist in self-confidence and self-reliance, and firmly grasp the important principles of grassroots governance; persist in upholding integrity and innovation, and profoundly grasp the correct direction of grassroots governance; persist in being problem-oriented and scientifically grasp the practical requirements of grassroots governance; adhere to the system concept and actively plan the scientific layout of grassroots governance; persist in keeping the world in mind and take the initiative to broaden the thinking horizons of grassroots governance.
Key words: four discussions and two openness, modernization of grassroots governance, generative logic, theoretical logic, development logic
The modernization of grassroots governance is an important part of the modernization of national governance, and it is the key and difficult point of promoting the modernization of the social governance system and governance capacity. The "Four Discussions and Two Disclosures" working method, which originated in Dengzhou City, Henan Province, has important reference value for solving the problem of grassroots governance. The "four discussions" refer to the proposal of the village party branch, the discussion of the village "two committees", the deliberation of the party member congress, and the resolution of the villagers' representative meeting or the villagers' meeting; In-depth study of the generational, theoretical and development logic of the "four discussions and two openness" working method is of great theoretical and practical significance for upholding and developing socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics and promoting the modernization of grassroots governance system and governance capacity in the new era.
1. The generation logic of the "four discussions and two disclosures" working method
Any innovative theoretical achievement is not water without a source or a tree without roots, and the working method of "four discussions and two openness" is no exception. Its formation has a deep theoretical foundation and practical logic, and has experienced a dynamic development process from "ideological germination" to "practical exploration" to "formation and establishment", and is a constantly enriching and improving working method.
(1) Theoretical basis: Marxist concept of democracy
Marx and Engels based on materialism, adhered to the practical, objective, dialectical, and developmental nature of the historical outlook, grasped the historical position of the masses of the people based on the "realistic individual", understood the driving force of historical development based on human practice, and grasped the direction of historical development based on the laws of history, founded the theory of historical materialism, and opened up a new vision for the concept of human history. The Marxist idea of "the people are the creators of history" scientifically answers the basic questions of modern democratic politics, such as what the people are, whether they have the initiative, what their position is in history, what are the people's rights, where they come from, and how to realize them, and fundamentally expounds the question of the source of the people's rights.
Based on the reality of the individual, Marxism proceeds from the historical practice of the masses of the people and the law of their historical development, profoundly expounds the idea that "the people are the creators of history" and fundamentally answers the question of the source of rights. In this thought, "creation" has the meaning of initiating, inventing, and building, and refers to the fact that people give full play to their subjective initiative on the premise of devoting themselves to historical practice, summing up historical experience, and respecting historical laws, so as to realize the unity of understanding and transforming the world. The establishment of this status of "creator" is of extraordinary significance, because "creation" is the premise of "enjoyment", and it is precisely by creating history that the people are entitled to enjoy the fruits of history. Marxism's thesis and position that "the people are the creators of history" has fundamentally answered many deep-seated questions in modern democratic thought, and has also provided new ideas for answering the question of "the legitimacy of ruling power."
(2) Cultural roots: traditional Chinese people-oriented thought
Chinese culture has a long people-oriented tradition, and the ideas of respecting virtue and protecting the people, people-oriented, the people are noble and the gentlemen are light, and the people are the boat and the people fully explain the importance that Chinese culture attaches to "people" and "people". The traditional Chinese people-oriented thought pays more attention to the importance of the people from the aspects of the unity of heaven and man, the harmony between the people and the monarch, and the people-oriented reflects that the people are the foundation of the country and the foundation of government, unifies the fate of the people with the fate of the country and the destiny of the king, and regards the people as an important force in all aspects of society such as national production, development, and military, and emphasizes their important role in the country's society. In the context of "those who win the hearts of the people win the world", the people's hearts are linked with the belonging of the world, the people and the country's society, and the people's hearts are also unified with the will of the sky, so as to unify the relationship between the king and the sky, the king and the people, and the people and the sky, and guide the feudal rulers to deal with the relationship between the people and the king, the king and the sky, and the sky and the people in a timely manner, so as to realize the unity of the purpose and the result of benefiting the people, and the unity of benefiting the people and benefiting the country. These people-oriented ideas of valuing the people, loving the people, honoring the people, and reassuring the people have formed a traditional Chinese social governance model with "people-oriented" as the main content and distinctive characteristics.
(3) Practical exploration: the practice of democratic political construction of the Communist Party of China
Since its birth, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has made clear its lofty pursuit of national independence and liberation for the people. As early as the period of the New Democratic Revolution, the Chinese Communists attached great importance to the important role of the masses of the people in the Chinese revolution and the development of Chinese society, and conscientiously educated, united, and served the masses by translating books, building schools, compiling and publishing books, and organizing study activities. The Chinese Communists, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, actively went deep into the rural grassroots society to understand the real needs of the masses and solve their practical difficulties. Mao Zedong found that peasants accounted for the vast majority of the Chinese population in his investigation and study, and realized that the essence of the Chinese revolution was the agrarian revolution led by the proletariat, and that the main body of the agrarian revolution was the peasant masses. In view of this, the party has strengthened the building of democracy in the governments of the border areas, fully carried forward democracy, protected the electoral rights of the masses in the border areas by means of the bean throwing law, the method of drawing bars, and the law of drawing circles, and promulgated a series of laws and policies to protect the democratic rights of the masses of the people to work, study, elect, discuss and express their opinions. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China (CPC) based itself on the transformation of the main contradictions in society, scientifically handled the contradictions among the people, brought into play the initiative and creativity of the people, achieved the rapid development of the country, and realized the people's democratic right to be the masters of the country in many aspects. After the reform and opening up, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the main representative, based themselves on the development of the times, further improved the building of socialist democracy and the rule of law, and greatly developed the democratic rights of the masses. Since the beginning of the new era, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core has had a deep insight into the general trend of the times, grasped the historical initiative, relied on party building to develop and safeguard people's democracy, formed theories and systems such as whole-process people's democracy and socialist consultative democracy, and protected and developed the democratic rights of the people.
2. The theoretical logic of the "four discussions and two openness" working method
Theoretical logic reflects the internal relationship of things, which not only shows the logical inheritance, logical context and logical development between related things, but also shows the complex logical relationship between related things. [1] The "Four Discussions and Two Openness" working method is a scientific method to promote the construction of grassroots democracy and improve the ability of rural governance, and it is a scientific theoretical system with a complete system and rigorous logic. Grasping the theoretical logic of the "four discussions and two openness" working method can provide logical guidance for us to systematically grasp and even continue to promote the innovation and development of the grassroots governance model.
(1) Logical theme: Upholding and developing socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics
The "Four Discussions and Two Openness" working method is a successful paradigm for the modernization of China's rural governance system and governance capacity, and adhering to and developing socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics is its logical theme. Socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics is the product of the combination of the Marxist concept of democracy and the people-oriented ideology in the excellent traditional Chinese culture. In the process of combining the Marxist concept of democracy with the people-oriented thought in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, the Chinese communists have given full play to the progressive nature of the Marxist concept of democracy, and used the Marxist scientific standpoint, viewpoint and method to promote the traditional Chinese people-oriented thought from "outdated" and "traditional" to "current" and "contemporary" At the same time, it also gives full play to the fine traditions of traditional Chinese people-oriented thinking, such as loving the people, caring for the people, respecting the people, and protecting the people, and uses Chinese discourse, Chinese thinking, and Chinese spirit to promote the transformation of the Marxist concept of democracy from "foreign" to "Chinese", and constantly endow the Marxist concept of democracy with Chinese characteristics. In this combination, the Chinese Communists opened up the path of socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics. Focusing on the goal of building socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics, based on the actual work of the local grassroots level, focusing on the realistic demands of the people, and focusing on the realization of the democratic rights of the people, Dengzhou City has come up with the "four discussions and two openness" working method after long-term practical exploration and theoretical summary. This work method is an important embodiment of the party's mass line in the construction of grassroots democracy, and is also a true portrayal of carrying forward the spirit of democracy and the people's initiative, so that the party's leadership, promoting democracy, and doing things according to law are organically combined with the practice of rural construction, and a vivid picture of the close cooperation between the party and the people in Dengzhou City and the joint construction of socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics.
(2) Logical position: people-centered
The "Four Deliberations and Two Disclosures" working method embodies the people-centered orientation and stance from proposal to resolution, to disclosure and implementation. From the point of view of the issue, in order to solve the problems of "collective action" participation is not strong, the implementation efficiency is low, the implementation of the work is slow, and the phenomenon of ripping is serious, the focus of the consultation will be concentrated on important public affairs, and the party branch will discuss and study the urgency, difficulty and danger of various bills on the basis of extensive listening to the opinions of the masses and investigation and argumentation on the basis of the problems reflected by the masses in production and life, and list the major issues at the village level on an annual or monthly basis. From the point of view of the selection of participating representatives, on the basis of the election of representatives by households or villagers' groups, and with full consideration given to the reality of the pluralism of the main body of interests in rural society, a certain number of places are allocated to new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups, and villagers who are elected have a high political consciousness and ability to participate in and discuss state affairs, abide by discipline and law, are fair and upright, and have high moral integrity, and the strict and standardized selection process ensures that the vast number of villagers fully exercise their rights and express their opinions. From the point of view of the consultation process, the party branch will study the major issues at the village level that involve the interests of the masses, put forward preliminary opinions, and then submit them to the village "two committees" for discussion, and then deliberate by the party congress and the villagers' representative meeting for resolution, this process fully embodies the mass position, viewpoint and line of "everything for the people, everything depends on the people, from the masses, to the masses". Judging from the contents and implementation of the disclosure, after a series of deliberations and discussions, these topics are all important issues related to the production and life of the people, and the contents of the disclosure and the results of implementation are subject to the supervision of the people, and at the same time, they continue to listen to the opinions and suggestions of the masses and constantly revise, optimize, and improve the resolutions, which fully embodies the principle of serving the masses, relying on the masses, guiding the masses to participate, giving full play to the wisdom of the masses, and achieving the satisfaction of the masses. This fully reflects the people-centered value position of the working law.
(3) Logical connotation: whole-process people's democracy
Whole-process people's democracy is "the organic unity of democracy in the form of the state and democracy in the form of non-state"[2], which not only guarantees the people's political rights to be masters in terms of the top-level design of the state and the construction of institutional mechanisms, but also guarantees the direct exercise of various legal rights by the people in the participation and management of grassroots affairs. The "four discussions and two openness" work method is a set of basic working procedures for democratic decision-making on village-level affairs under the leadership of village-level party organizations, and is an effective working method explored and created by the grass-roots units in practice. Judging from the connotation of the "four discussions," the village party branch will propose, that is, the village party branch will conduct research on major issues in the village on the basis of extensively listening to the opinions of the masses and conducting investigations and demonstrations, and put forward preliminary opinions; the village "two committees" will deliberate, that is, the preliminary opinions of the village party branch will be submitted to the leading bodies of the village "two committees" for discussion, and the opinions will be discussed in accordance with the principle of the minority obeying the majority; and the party congress will deliberate, that is, the opinions agreed upon by the village "two committees" will be submitted to all the party members of the village for discussion. The villagers' representative meeting or the villagers' meeting resolves the opinions of the villagers' representative meeting or the villagers' meeting to submit the opinions discussed and adopted by the party congress to the villagers' representative meeting or the villagers' meeting for discussion and voting. From the point of view of the connotation of the "two disclosures", the resolution is made public, that is, the resolution passed by the villagers' representative meeting or the villagers' meeting, and the village affairs bulletin board should be publicized for a reasonable period of time to ensure that the villagers are aware of it and create a good atmosphere for the next step of implementation; The "four discussions and two openness" work method highlights the core essence and intrinsic characteristics of whole-process people's democracy, effectively solves many problems in grassroots governance, injects infinite vitality and vitality into the development of grassroots society, and promotes the process of modernization, proceduralization and institutionalization of grassroots governance.
(4) Logical characteristics: the unity of party spirit and people's nature, theory and practice, universality and particularity, co-construction and sharing, process and result, integrity and innovation
The working method of "four discussions and two openness" embodies many distinctive characteristics, such as the unity of party spirit and people's nature, the unity of theory and practice, the unity of universality and particularity, the unity of co-construction and sharing, the unity of process and results, and the unity of integrity and innovation.
The first is the unity of the party spirit and the people's nature. Whether it is the collection and discussion of proposals, the final formation, or the implementation and promotion of the final public results, the whole process of the "four discussions and two openness" work method is completed by the joint efforts of the grassroots party organizations and the grassroots masses, and embodies the unity of the party nature and the people's nature, and the unity of the party's work and the people's cause. In this process, it has solved the problems that plague the production and life of the grassroots people, enhanced the happiness and satisfaction of the masses, improved the work ability and leadership ability of the grassroots party organizations, and promoted the modernization of the rural governance system and governance capacity. The second is the unity of theory and practice. The "four discussions and two openness" work method is a scientific summary of the practical experience of the democratic construction of grass-roots party organizations, and constantly carries out theoretical improvement and innovation in keeping up with the development of the times and practical development, which is both theoretical and practical, and not only pays attention to solving the problems of production and life faced by the people and the problems of grass-roots governance from the practical level, but also pays attention to scientifically summarizing practical experience from the theoretical level, and constantly forms a truthful understanding to better guide practice. The third is the unity of universality and particularity. The working method of "four discussions and two openness" is a scientific grassroots social governance method that flexibly applies the universal truths such as the Marxist concept of democracy and politics to the specific work practice of the locality, and develops and innovates in practice. At the same time, it is also necessary to persist in the specific analysis of specific problems, because theory is constantly developing along with the development of practice, and we should pay close attention to the changes in time, place, and conditions, and constantly promote theoretical innovation. Therefore, this kind of unity has two contents and characteristics: on the one hand, it insists on combining universal truth with concrete practice, and on the other hand, it insists on actively summing up and forming new scientific theories with universal guiding significance in the new practice. Obviously, the "four discussions and two openness" work method embodies these characteristics. Fourth, the unity of co-construction and sharing. Co-construction and sharing is an important content and principle of socialist construction, the "four discussions and two openness" work method from the proposal of the proposal to adhere to the guidance of the people to participate in and build together, the formation process, determination, disclosure, implementation of the whole process of the bill is also subject to the people's supervision, questioning, reflection, and finally the implementation of the bill to form the public interests shared by the people, the whole work reflects the unity of co-construction and sharing. Fifth, the unity of process and result. The "four discussions and two openness" work method adheres to the scientific legality of the procedure and ensures the scientific legality of the results. Process refers to the people's nature, scientificity, and legitimacy embodied in the whole process of work, and the legitimacy mentioned here is not legality in the legal sense, but refers to the regularity that conforms to the party's purpose and objectives and the interests of the people; and consequentiality refers to the purpose of the implementation results and the disclosure of the results to reflect and conform to the pursuit of the whole process. This unity of process and result also reflects the unity of regularity and purposefulness. Sixth, the unity of integrity and innovation. "Integrity" means upholding the party's leadership, serving the people, and upholding the integrity of socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics, and "innovation" means constantly exploring new experiences and practices that are suitable for the development of the times and in line with the interests of the people on the basis of "integrity". The "four discussions and two openness" work method is developed on the basis of inheritance, innovates on the basis of integrity, adheres to the combination of organizational leadership and pluralistic co-governance, the combination of affairs management and governance innovation, and the combination of consultation and discussion with the network platform, makes full use of new media and new technologies, increases the legality review, decision-making consultation and evaluation, explores the grid management model, continuously expands the scope of application, improves the operating procedures, innovates the operation mode, and expands the application field, reflecting the unity of integrity and innovation.
(5) Logical method: dialectical, systematic, historical, and innovative thinking methods
The working method of "four discussions and two openness" deepens the methodological thinking on rural social governance and democratic construction in the new era, and contains a wealth of philosophical thinking methods. The first is the dialectical thinking method. In this working method, the dialectical thinking method is embodied in both the party's leadership and mass participation, the autonomy and co-governance, and the static management and dynamic service. The second is the system thinking approach. From the point of view of the process of producing motions, the whole process and systematization of democracy are reflected in the process of proposals, deliberations, deliberations, and resolutions; from the point of view of mass participation, the generation of deputies requires not only knowledge and ability, but also virtue and responsibility, and they are the true representatives of the interests of the broad masses and reflect the extensive and comprehensive nature of democratic participation; and from the point of view of the results of public resolutions and implementation, they are also facing the entire masses and embody the comprehensiveness of sharing. The third is the method of historical thinking. Dengzhou City pays attention to carrying forward the spirit of historical initiative, profoundly grasps the historical laws and characteristics of the development of grassroots social governance, gives full play to its subjective initiative, and insists on independently exploring its own social governance and democratic development path. Fourth, innovative thinking methods. Dengzhou City adheres to the principle of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and advancing with the times, accurately grasps the direction of grassroots social governance and democratic construction in the new era, and promotes the continuous innovation and development of the "four discussions and two openness" work method.
3. The development logic of the "four discussions and two openness" work method
History is always moving forward in the process of solving problems, and the progress of history calls for the development of theory. The work method of "four discussions and two openness" is precisely the product of integrating the Marxist concept of democracy with the specific reality of the localities, and was formed and developed in the process of flexibly applying Marxism to discover, analyze, and solve problems at the grassroots level. Leading cadres must firmly grasp Marxism, the ability to look after the house, consciously grasp the "six must adhere" from the height of the worldview and methodology of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, strive to improve the ability of philosophical thinking, and constantly put forward new ideas, new ideas and new methods to truly solve problems, so as to provide scientific thinking and methods for promoting the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity.
(1) Adhere to the supremacy of the people and consciously grasp the value position of grassroots governance
The 100-year history of the Communist Party of China is a history of the Party and the people sharing weal and pain, and working in unity. Upholding the supremacy of the people is not only an important experience summed up by the Communist Party of China in the past century, but also the fundamental value orientation of the Communist Party of China in leading the promotion of grassroots social governance. The party's grassroots leading cadres must consciously grasp the basic connotation, essential requirements, and value orientation of the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity, and clearly understand the basic issues such as what grassroots governance is, what it pursues, who it is for, and who it relies on. First of all, upholding the scientific outlook on the people and democracy is an important prerequisite for doing a good job in mass work and developing socialist democratic politics. Grassroots leading cadres must conscientiously study and comprehend the Marxist outlook on the people and democracy, persist in the organic unity of theory and practice, overcome the ideological tendency of emphasizing practice over theory, theoretically correct their understanding of the supremacy of the people, profoundly grasp the logic of their generation, history, theory, and development, grasp the scientific meaning of "the masses of the people" from their position as "creators of history," get to the root of the problem, and correctly promote the building of democracy at the grassroots level. Second, it is necessary to profoundly grasp the scientific connotation and scope of application of the supremacy of the people. The supremacy of the people is not abstract, but concrete. The party's grassroots leading cadres must profoundly understand the specific connotation of "the people" and "supremacy," scientifically grasp the dialectical relationship between the whole and the individual, the majority and the minority, the fundamental interests and the specific interests, the collective interests and the individual interests, the immediate interests and the long-term interests, and the legitimate interests and the illegal interests Under the guise of the interests of the majority, we should reject the legitimate and reasonable demands of the minority, and truly understand what the "people" are and what interests are "supreme" under what premise. Finally, we must adhere to the mass line and vigorously guard against formalism and bureaucracy. Formalism and bureaucracy are the great enemies of the party and the people, and their important characteristic is that they are divorced from the masses and run counter to the fundamental political stand of putting the people first. Grassroots leading cadres must adhere to the political nature of the people's public servants, consciously practice the mass line with a realistic attitude and style, correctly handle the relationship with the people, and solidly promote the modernization of grassroots social governance capacity and governance system with an attitude of serving the people, pragmatic enthusiasm, and a clean and honest style.
(2) Persist in self-confidence and self-reliance, and firmly grasp the important principles of grassroots governance
Insisting on self-confidence and self-reliance is an important principle and premise for doing a good job in all work. "Self-confidence" means insisting on recognizing one's own development model and establishing confidence in doing a good job; "self-reliance" means insisting on doing a good job independently, rather than blindly "waiting, relying on, and demanding", copying and copying, and stepping on the footprints of others to move forward. To uphold self-confidence, we must adhere to the Marxist position, viewpoint and method, strengthen the "four self-confidences", especially institutional self-confidence, continue to follow the development direction of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and solidly promote the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity. To persist in self-reliance, we must persist in proceeding from reality in everything we do, and explore a grassroots governance model that suits us. The work method of "four discussions and two openness" is a vivid embodiment of adhering to the Marxist outlook on the people, practice, contradictions, and development. To promote grassroots governance, we must adhere to the Marxist outlook on practice, proceed from the objective reality of local development, actively conduct in-depth investigation and research, design a governance model that conforms to the reality of local development, and oppose the formalist practice of only copying but not using, only learning the form but not the content, and only making appearances without seeking practical results. It is necessary to uphold the Marxist outlook on contradictions, be good at grasping the main contradictions, and formulate various tasks for grassroots governance in accordance with the main contradictions; scientifically grasp the relationship between universality and particularity, persist in making concrete analysis of specific problems, and take time, place, and conditions as the shift; and be good at guiding the transformation of contradictions into favorable aspects, profoundly grasp the dialectical relationship between different contradictions, actively resolve contradictions and difficult problems among the masses of the people, and promote the continuous improvement of the grassroots governance system. We must adhere to the Marxist outlook on development, look at problems from the viewpoint of development, focus on the frontier of the development of the times, gain insight into the general trend of development of the times, grasp the new requirements of the masses and the new direction of grassroots governance, and explore new models of grassroots governance.
(3) Persist in upholding integrity and innovation, and profoundly grasp the correct direction of grassroots governance
Integrity means that, under the guidance of Marxist philosophy, grasp the essence of things through complex phenomena, so as to grasp the regularity of the development of things and keep the truth that subjectivity and objectivity are in conformity. Innovation is to solve the problem of mismatch between understanding and practice in the process of development, that is, to adjust understanding with the changes in the practice environment to meet the new practical needs of the people. Grassroots leading cadres must have the upright thinking of upholding the truth and the innovative thinking of forging ahead in a pioneering spirit. We must adhere to the party's leadership, uphold the supremacy of the people, and independently explore a social governance model that suits us. Refuse to blindly copy and copy, learn and sell now, worship foreign flattery and other superficial learning, deeply understand the worldview and methodology of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, grasp the essence, grasp the law, grasp the key points, and explore a social governance path that is in line with local history and culture, suitable for local development, and in line with the needs of the local people. On the other hand, we must insist on innovative thinking. Insisting on taking one's own path independently is not a closed-door process, and any successful experience, successful model, and successful road cannot develop alone in self-isolation. On the basis of upholding integrity, we must establish innovative thinking and innovative spirit, make full use of new forms, new technologies, and new methods, actively learn from the experience of grassroots governance in other places, eliminate those backward contents that are rigid and closed, do not conform to the trend of the times, do not conform to the interests of the people, and hinder the development of practice, and constantly promote the innovative development of grassroots social governance.
(4) Persist in being problem-oriented, and scientifically grasp the practical requirements of grassroots governance
Adhering to problem awareness and problem orientation is the fundamental prerequisite for solving practical problems and promoting theoretical and institutional innovation. From the point of view of the nature of the problem, the problem is the problem of people, and the problem can only be discovered in the practice of man, and it can be solved in the deeper practice of man. Each process of proposing, analyzing, and solving problems is related to the specific and realistic production and life of the people, so it is necessary to adhere to a scientific problem-oriented approach to promote grassroots social governance. First, we must persist in raising questions for the sake of the people. The question of why people are the fundamental problem of the Communist Party of China and the fundamental issue of grassroots social governance. In the process of promoting social governance at the grassroots level, leading cadres at the grassroots level must persist in taking the people as the center, closely center on the reality of the people's production and life, give full play to the role of the masses as representatives, extensively collect questions that the masses have responded to, and put forward problems from the angle of solving difficult problems in the people's lives and improving the quality of life of the masses, so as to "make a good start" for doing a good job in the work at the grassroots level. Second, it is necessary to go deep among the people to study the problem. It is necessary to fully listen to the opinions of the broad masses of the people in order to gain a deep understanding of their needs and hopes, to draw on their ideological wisdom, and to demonstrate the extensiveness and authenticity of socialist democracy, so as to form a more scientific and rational solution. Third, we must rely on the people to solve problems. Problems arise in the practice of the people and are bound to be resolved in the practice of the people. It is necessary to fully and extensively carry forward democracy, arouse the enthusiasm and initiative of the masses of the people, conscientiously participate in the governance of grassroots society, pool wisdom and collective wisdom, use the wisdom and strength of thousands of people to solve the problems and difficulties of thousands of people, rely on the people to promote the continuous development and improvement of the grassroots governance model, and "end a good conclusion" for doing a good job in grassroots work.
(5) Adhere to the concept of systems, and actively plan the scientific layout of grassroots governance
Grassroots social governance is a systematic project, and to promote grassroots social governance, we must adhere to systematic thinking. First of all, it is necessary to adhere to the systematization of the grassroots governance model, and adhere to the organic unity of the party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and governing the country according to law. We must persist in making the party's leadership, the people the masters of the country, and governing the country according to law permeate all aspects, fields, and stages of promoting grassroots social governance. Second, it is necessary to adhere to the systematization of grassroots governance procedures and solidly promote whole-process people's democracy. To promote grassroots social governance, we must adhere to the development of whole-process people's democracy, and the selection of mass representatives, the determination of governance targets, and the steps for the formation and implementation of bills all reflect the characteristics of the whole chain, all-round, and all-coverage of democracy. Finally, it is necessary to adhere to the systematization of grassroots governance results and solidly promote common prosperity. Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism, and it is also an important goal of the modernization of the social governance system and governance capacity. The purpose of promoting grassroots social governance is to improve the quality of life of the grassroots masses and meet their pursuit of a better life.
(6) Persist in keeping the world in mind and take the initiative to broaden the horizons of grassroots governance
Keeping the world in mind is not only a forward-looking vision and broad vision, but also a kind of self-confidence, consciousness and initiative. Both the grassroots and the local are an integral part of the world, and no matter how big the world is, it is made up of countless areas the size of villages. Although the party's grassroots leading cadres are at the grassroots level, as far as the advanced status of party cadres and Communist Party members is concerned, they shoulder the heavy historical task of "seeking happiness for the Chinese people, rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, progress for mankind, and great harmony for the world." They should have a deep insight into the general trend of the times, actively carry forward the spirit of historical initiative, consciously focus on the development of the times and plan specific work, and must not fall into the narrow line of thinking of "looking at problems on the spot." The first is to establish a world vision and expand one's own thinking and horizons. It is necessary to profoundly grasp the important connotation of having the world in mind, overcome the abstract and empty understanding of the world, and grasp the important issues of what the historical mission of the Communist Party of China is, what it is, why it should be in mind, and how to keep the world in mind from the dialectical relationship between the grassroots and China, and between China and the world. The second is to scientifically grasp the dialectical relationship between strategy and tactics, and unify the planning of affairs with the situation, the present and the future, and the planning of a domain with the overall situation. We must profoundly understand that promoting grassroots social governance is an important part of promoting national governance, and we must scientifically grasp the relationship between strategy and tactics, the overall situation and the part, and the immediate and long-term, conscientiously comprehend the strategic intent of the Party Central Committee, and consciously maintain consistency with the Party Central Committee, so as to "concentrate on running our own affairs well". The third is to uphold openness and inclusiveness, and take the initiative to learn from the advanced experience of grassroots social governance. To persist in keeping the world in mind, we must uphold a modest attitude, an open pattern and an inclusive mind, correctly handle the relationship between our own governance model and external governance models, humbly learn from the advanced experience and practices of grassroots social governance at home and abroad, not only retain our own strengths, but also make up for our own shortcomings, and enhance the actual effectiveness and local characteristics of our own grassroots social governance.
Exegesis:
Marxist Studies,2014(2):42-49.
[2] Wang Zongli, Lang Deming.On the Composite Advantages of Whole-process People's Democracy[J].Theoretical Exploration,2022(4):49-56.
[Wang Lisheng: Member of the Chang'an Street Reading Club, Secretary of the Party Committee of the Institute of Philosophy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]
Note: Authorized to publish, this article has been selected and included in the "Chang'an Street Reading Club" theoretical learning platform (People's Daily, People's Political Consultative Conference Daily, Beijing Daily, Chongqing Daily, Xinhuanet, CCTV, National Party Media Information Public Platform, Vision, Beijing Time, Surging Government Affairs, Phoenix News Client "Chang'an Street Reading Club" column synchronization), reprinting must be uniformly marked "Chang'an Street Reading Club" theoretical learning platform source and author.
Editor-in-charge: Qiu Shiyi, preliminary review: Cheng Ziqian, Chen Jiani, re-examination: Li Yufan
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In order to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we are now jointly carrying out relevant party building reading and learning activities for the party schools (administrative colleges), cadre colleges, Marxist colleges, and new era civilization practice centers (institutes, stations) where the central and state organs, central enterprises, and provinces, cities, counties (districts) are located. Recently, with the approval of relevant departments, it has been officially agreed that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the State Supervision Commission, the Organization Department of the Central Committee, the Working Committee of the Central Committee and State Organs, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the State Administration for Market Regulation, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and other designated units have joined the "Chang'an Street Reading Club" Party Building Reading Cooperation Mechanism, and jointly undertook the "Chang'an Street Reading Club" series of reading and learning activities.