We often hear some words about AIDS patients in our daily lives, but although there is no clear treatment for AIDS, it does not mean that the disease can be contracted casually.
It takes some specific conditions to complete the process of infection, so we need to make up for this deficiency from a scientific perspective to avoid harming AIDS patients.
We should have understood that the transmission of AIDS is sexually transmitted and blood-borne. So is saliva transmission valid? We can safely deny this, because when saliva travels through the air, it kills oxygen. However, we can monitor the virus in saliva from a medical point of view.
AIDS is not transmitted by saliva, but can be tested by saliva, and HIV is transmitted mainly by antigens, while tests are through antibodies. HIV antibodies can be detected in the urine, saliva, tears, semen, and vaginal secretions of HIV-infected people. The saliva rapid test reagent uses synthetic protein as antigen to rapidly and qualitatively detect HIV1/2 antibodies in saliva.
Because saliva does not transmit HIV, the test is non-invasive, and there is no blood (the amount of HIV in the blood is high, and the risk of HIV transmission is extremely high), so there is no problem of "infection", and the risk of infection of testing personnel or medical personnel, the risk of occupational exposure of sampling personnel, and the risk of infection of medical waste can be avoided.
At present, the commonly used rapid detection reagents are prepared by the principle of solid-phase immunoassay in the form of chromatography with colloidal gold or selenium as the marker, nitrocellulose membrane as the carrier, and solid-phase immunoassay in the form of chromatography.
Saliva does contain HIV, but there are prerequisites for saliva to transmit HIV, such as sneezing and eating together, but if you have mouth sores accompanied by bleeding, you can get HIV if you have deep contact with them, such as deep kissing.
Experts explain that HIV can indeed be found in saliva, but the amount of virus in it is very small. A certain amount of HIV is required to cause transmission. It has been estimated that if the virus in saliva is to reach the level of infection, it is necessary to swallow more than 20 milliliters of saliva from an infected person at a time.
Saliva does not transmit HIV for several reasons:
The number of infectious particles is low: HIV virus is usually detectable in the saliva of less than 1-5% of people living with HIV.
Inhibition of the virions themselves by human saliva: Saliva contains several natural inhibitors of HIV, including thrombin-sensitive and mucin, which inactivate and aggregate the virus into insoluble, non-infectious large complexes.
Saliva contains secreted leukocyte protease inhibitors (SLPIs) that block HIV infection by interacting with cell receptor molecules that prevent viral invasion.
Hypotonic nature of saliva: destroys infected mononuclear leukocytes, prevents viral replication, prevents cell-to-cell transmission of HIV, prevents its attachment to epithelial cells and the production of infectious HIV. Severe oral bleeding due to dental treatment is not associated with an increased incidence of detectable infectious viruses, which confirms the safety of oral fluids as a testing medium, even in individuals with blood in their saliva.
I believe that after a more detailed understanding of saliva in this article, we can rest assured that saliva will not be transmitted under normal circumstances. Therefore, eating together normally is unlikely to cause the spread of disease. If this category is found, patients should go to the hospital for treatment in time.