Yuan carved book "Jiaxuan long and short sentences"
"The thought of belonging to the hometown of Xin Qiji"Xin Qiji's poem "Manjianghong: Title Cold Spring Pavilion", which was probably composed before the seclusion with the lake, also has an obvious meaning of homesickness, and the full words are as follows:
Straight and dignified, look at the crown of the road arched. Gradually, the immortals of the green valley went east, and the ring was in a hurry. Who believes that Tianfeng flies to the ground, and the lake opens a green wall. It was the jade axe that sharpened the square pot back then, and no one knew it.
Shan Mu Run, Lang Jingjing. Under the autumn dew, the beads drop. Across the pavilion, the jade abyss is clear. Drunk dancing and shaking the phoenix shadow, the song is not sent to cry. Hate this stroke of my home, now as a guest.
After Xin Qiji returned to the south and before he lived in seclusion with the lake, he served as an official in Lin'an (now Hangzhou) three times, but each time it was not for long. In the summer of the sixth year of the Gandao (1170), Xin Qiji was appointed as the chief secretary of Sinong Temple, and the first month of the eighth year of the Gandao knew Chuzhou, and this appointment was the longer of the three times, and "Manjianghong, Lengquan Pavilion" may have been written at this time. It is also worth mentioning that Xin Qiji's other very famous poem "Qingyu Case: Yuan Xi" was probably also composed during this period.
The cold spring pavilion is located under the Feilai Peak in front of the Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou, and was presided over and built by the Hangzhou Thorn Shi Yuanzhen during the Tang Yuan and Yuan periods. Since its completion, the Cold Spring Pavilion has been a place where poets linger. When Su Shi served as a general judge in Hangzhou, he also visited Lengquan Pavilion, and there was a sentence "Six hundred days before the county, I don't remember how many times I came back in the mountains". The pavilion is not only close to Lingyin Temple and Feilai Peak, but also has three days of Zhu, Taoguang Temple, and the North Peak around it. In the autumn of this year, Xin Qiji also came to the Cold Spring Pavilion, and the first half of the word was written about the nearby forests and peaks, and the second half was written about the activities and feelings of visiting the Cold Spring Pavilion.
Most of the lyrics are written about the scenery of the landscape, pavilion and forest, and the gesture of the lyricist transitions from writing the scene to the lyricism in the second half of the second half of the poem, especially the last few sentences, "I hate this in the middle of the wind and my family, and now I am a guest." He suddenly wrote a kind of melancholy of being a guest in a foreign country. In the face of such a beautiful scene, how can the poet have some "hatred"? That is because the scenery around the Lengquan Pavilion has many similarities with the scenery of his hometown Jinan, and the poet thinks of his hometown of Baotu Spring, Jinxian Spring, and there are also pavilions and pavilions standing in the lake such as Guanlan Pavilion, Lixia Pavilion, and Shuixiang Pavilion on Daming Lake. These lovely things were originally "my family", and the lyricist at this time was just a guest living in a foreign land. What makes the lyricist even more uneasy is that the Southern Song Dynasty court's recovery of the lost territory in the north is far away, and the lyricist is afraid that he will never return to his hometown, so he touches the nostalgia and has infinite sadness.
In addition, Xin Qiji also has a poem that readers are very familiar with, "Water Dragon Yin, Deng Jiankang Appreciation Pavilion", which also has similar feelings. In the sentence "Sunset, in the sound of the broken Hong, the wanderer in the south of the Yangtze River", the three images of "sunset", "broken Hong" and "wanderer" are combined to create a strong homesick atmosphere. In particular, the "wanderer" understands the feeling of homesickness without concealment.
Ye Jiaying wrote in the long article "On the Words of Xin and Abandonment" included in "Lingyu Cishuo":
Xin Qiji is not only a poet with temperament and ideals, but also a heroic and heroic figure who can really establish achievements in practice, with strategy, courage, vision, means, talent, and the right to change. And the focus of his entire life is his heart and mind to recover the Central Plains. During this period, he naturally has a loyal heart to the country, and at the same time, he also has his own hometown thoughts.
Interior view of the former residence of the Four Wind Gate Xin Qiji in Licheng District
In Shinshu, look for spring waterAlthough Xin Qiji does not have too many words to directly express his nostalgia for his hometown Jinan, it can also be seen from his choice of residence and garden design in his middle and later years that he has never forgotten the scenery of his hometown Jinan.
At the end of the winter of the eighth year of Chunxi (1181), Xin Qiji, who had just passed the age of confusion and was in the prime of life, was dismissed, and the reason for his dismissal this time was that he was impeached by the lord and faction in the imperial court. Xin Qiji, who resigned from his official position, returned to his new residence in Daihu, Xinzhou (now Shangrao, Jiangxi) County, which had just been completed. The following year, Xin Qiji composed the lyrics of "Water Tune Song Tou Mengou", the full words are as follows:
I love the lake very much, and the green is open. Mr. walked with nothing and walked a thousand times a day. Where I am an alliance of gulls and herons, after today's alliance, there is no guessing back and forth. Where is the white crane?
Break the green weed, row the emerald algae, and stand on the moss. Peeping fish laughed at your idiot, and didn't understand how to raise my cup. In the past, the wasted swamp and barren hills, the bright moon and the breeze were clear on this night, and the world was sad. There is little green shade on the east coast, and willows must be planted.
There is no nostalgia for the hometown in this poem, and on the surface, it is a leisurely poem about living in a lake. However, we can still see the true intention of the lyricist from the sentences such as "do not understand and raise my cup". Even if there is a beautiful view of the lake, even if there are gulls, I don't understand its meaning. On the surface, the poet writes about the joy of leisurely life, but in fact, he does not have the sigh of loneliness of being forced to live in seclusion? The last sentence mentions that there is too little green shade on the east bank of the river, so it is better to plant more willows. This is very reminiscent of the fact that in the era of Xin Qiji and earlier, willows and lotus flowers were the beautiful scenery on the shore of Daming Lake in Jinan. Perhaps after more than 20 years away from his hometown, Xin Qiji still remembers the soft and affectionate willows in his hometown, so he also wants to create a scenery similar to his hometown in his new residence.
Judging from Xin Qiji's later construction and choice of residence in Jiangxi, it is difficult to say that it has nothing to do with nostalgia for his hometown.
During the few years of living in the lake, Xin Qiji searched for spring water everywhere. This naturally makes people think that Xin Qiji comes from "Spring City", Jinan did not have this name at that time, but many springs in the old city of Jinan have long been famous, when Su Zhe came to Jinan to be an official, he said "smell Jinan more sweet springs". At that time, some famous springs in Jinan, such as Baotu Spring, Shunquan and Pearl Spring, were not only the objects of literati and ink chanting, but also entered people's aesthetic vision and became an aesthetic consideration of Jinan. There is reason to believe that in Xin Qiji's affection for his hometown, spring water is a very important emotional element.
About 30 kilometers southwest of Shangrao, Ehu Mountain is a famous cultural landmark, and there is a Ehu Temple at the foot of Ehu Mountain. Xin Qiji has visited the Goose Lake Temple several times, and looked for a spring nearby, and also wrote a poem "Partridge Heaven Goose Lake Temple Daozhong", the full words are as follows:
A room in the breeze hall is cool, and the trickling water resounds in the corridor. Thousands of chapters of clouds and wood hooks screamed, and the wind of the ten-mile stream was fragrant.
Rushing to the rain, taking advantage of the slanting sun, the mountain garden road turns slightly. Tired but laughed at by pedestrians: just for Lin Quan to be busy!
The trees around the Goose Lake Temple are towering, the water is murmuring, and it is rare to find a cool place in the cloudy summer. The poet braved the summer rain to run on the forest path from morning to night, so tired that pedestrians laughed at him, why did he rush so much to find a forest spring? Who would have thought that Xin Qiji, who led 10,000 people to return south with a banner, could only be busy in the mountains and countryside in search of spring water, although he was in the prime of life?
Interior view of the former residence of the Four Wind Gate Xin Qiji in Licheng District
In his later years, he liked to live in the Scoop SpringAfter living in the lake for a few years, about 1186, Xin Qiji was sick in the territory of Leadshan County, which was hundreds of miles away from the lake, and "visited the spring in Qishi Village and got Zhou's spring". According to the "Leadshan County Chronicle": "Its rules are round like mortars, and its rules have always been like scoops." There are stone paths all around, four feet wide, and the water sprays down from the middle of the mountain, flows into the mortar, and then enters the scoop. Its water is clear. Xin Qiji found a spring in the lead mountain, and this sweet spring reminded Xin Qiji of Jinan, the hometown of Jinan, which is full of famous springs and "water flows to a hundred cities". He was so fond of Zhou's Spring that he soon bought the spring and a large piece of land around it, and wrote several lyrics and songs. Later, Xin Qijian changed Zhou's Spring to Scoop Spring, and after the lake was destroyed by fire, Scoop Spring became the only place for Xin Qiji. The period of idleness in Huangquan was also another peak period of Xin Qiji's creation.
When he first saw Scoop Spring, Xin Qijian had the words "Song of the Cave Immortals, Visiting the Spring in Qishi Village, Getting Zhou's Spring, and Fu", the full words are as follows:
Thousands of gullies, a total of thousands of rocks to compete for the show. Lonely life. Sigh light shirt and short hat, a little red dust, and rejoice: the waves are still wet.
Life is happy, but the name behind him is like a glass of wine before death. I will marry here, wait to learn Yuanming, and plant five willows in front of the door. And go back to the father and ask the old man to come again, and ask if he is so green and green, will he come again?
Xin Qiji first described the beautiful scenery of the Scoop Spring, and then made all kinds of sighs about life. Although the last sentence is a question, there is no doubt that from the first sight of the ladyboard, he decided that he would "return" here and settle here.
Scholars believe that Xin Qiji's renaming of Zhou's Spring to Huangquan is due to the allusion of "eating and drinking". This allusion comes from the Analects of Yongye, which is used to describe the scholar's high-minded life of being content with poverty, so the name of the Huangquan is likely to imply the indifferent state of mind after Xin renounced his illness and returned to seclusion. Perhaps in Zhou's view, this spring is just a sweet and clear spring, and in Xin Qiji's eyes, it not only gives him an indescribable strong homesickness, but also a metaphor for his noble personality of being willing to eat one vegetable and one meal.
Xin Qiji likes Scoop Spring very much, and has written many lyrics to sing about Scoop Spring, including a famous poem "Water Dragon Yin, Title Scoop Spring":
Why should Jiaxuan be poor, put the spring eaves outside the Qiongzhu water. Lotte knows fate, who will be in ancient times, and use the house? People are unbearable, a scoop of self-enjoyment, and virtuous returns. I once asked: What is the food, vegetables and drinking water, what is the dweller?
And on the floating cloud mountain, don't hurry to the bottom of the flowing mountain. The face is light, so it should be scattered, and the fat horse should be light. Frost around the teeth, full of fragrant milk, Mr. drink. Laughing and hanging on the scoop wind tree, a song is broken, and asking why is it dumb.
This poem echoes the previous one, and it clearly states the meaning of the name given by the lyricist to the Scoop Spring. He wants to live a leisurely life without fighting with the world here in Scoop Spring, and no longer run for food and vegetables.
Xin Qiji also has a number of poems to write about Huangquan:
Last year, when the cane crossed the scoop spring, the county officials hung their heads and sighed. ——("Yulou Spring: Farewell to Huang Qi at the Banquet.") 巃嵸, the name of Yuyan Hall. Tong sentenced to rain, a folk song at the time. The officials hung their heads, and the current affairs of the county were also recede)
And drink the scoop spring, make autumn water, and watch the clouds. ——("Xingxiangzi Boshan Opera Presents Zhao Chang's Father, Han Zhongzhi")
Quietly sweep the shade of the bamboo tree in the scoop spring, and follow the fate. ——("Fortune Operator: Wen Li Zhengzhi's Tea Horse Obituary")
After a spoonful of drinking, people asked Weng Aifeiquan to find a quiet. ——("Wishing Yingtai to be close to the guest to drink the scoop spring, the guest to the sound of the spring is quiet, the rest of the drunk, not time to answer, or to "cicada noise forest over quiet" on behalf of the pair, the meaning is very beautiful, the next day for the word to praise it)
In the middle of the night, the spring of flowers and snow is coming, and Lao Tzu has been dying. ——("Water Tune Song Head, Send Yang Minzhan")
I remember that when Huangquan was happy, he drank and chanted poetry for many years. ——("Adding the word Huanxi Sha Sanshan Play")
It is not difficult to see that Xin Qiji's lyrics have a strong plot of retreat, which is very different from the previous Jin Ge Iron Horse's bold words. In these days of living in Huangquan, the lyricist looks at the clouds near the water, walks slowly with a bamboo cane, looks for tranquility and seclusion, and recites poems as endowments, a hermit's leisurely style, quite the style of Tao Yuanming under the chrysanthemum mountain. There may be such a brief moment, listening to the gurgling sound of the Scoop Spring and looking at the willows on the face, Xin Qiji will forget the great cause of the Northern Expedition that he has in mind, forget the troops on the battlefield, and have the feeling of suddenly returning to his hometown Jinan.
I am happy to see the Scoop Spring and live next to the spring, which is probably the poet Xin Qiji's most affectionate longing for his hometown Jinan.
Reporter: Xu Min Photographer: Xu Min Editor: Xu Zheng Proofreader: Liu Tian