1. Working principle of pulse oximeter:
A non-invasive measuring instrument that detects the pulse of blood flow in terminal blood vessels by optical methods, and then measures blood oxygen saturation and pulse rate.
The measurement method of pulse oximetry is to use the red and infrared light emitted by two wavelengths of light-emitting diodes to pass through the peripheral parts of the body (such as fingers or earlobes), and the transmitted light signal is measured by the photosensitive sensor (receiving tube) on the opposite side, and then according to the different characteristics of the absorption rate of oxyhemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin by red light and infrared light, the detection circuit first obtains the change waveform of light absorption caused by pulsatile arterial blood flow, and then calculates the pulse oximetry and pulse rate value accordingly.
2. Blood Oxygen (SpO2): Most people on the plains have blood oxygen levels greater than 94%
Full name: Blood oxygen saturation.
Blood oxygen refers to the oxygen in the blood. Human beings live on oxygen, and after oxygen is inhaled from the lungs, oxygen enters the blood through the capillaries, and is transmitted by the blood to organs or cells in various parts of the body. The higher the oxygen content in the blood, the better the person's metabolism. Of course, high blood oxygen content is not a good phenomenon, the blood oxygen in the human body has a certain saturation, too low will cause insufficient oxygen supply to the body, too high will lead to the aging of cells in the body.
Blood oxygen saturation is an important physiological parameter that reflects the function of respiratory circulation, and for the average person, its value distribution ranges from 70% to 100%.
3． 脉率（ pulse rate ）：
The alarm line for adult pulse rate is generally set to less than 50bpm and more than 120bpm, pulse rate is the number of pulses per minute, which is consistent with heart rate under normal circumstances, and the ratio to breathing at rest is about 4:1.
Exercise and emotional agitation increase the pulse rate and slow it down at rest or sleep. Most people will increase the pulse rate after drinking with the increase of alcohol consumption, the general experience is that when the pulse rate exceeds 50% of my normal value, it means that the drinking has been excessive, and some people will exceed 100% of the normal value, at this time it has caused a lot of pressure on the heart, endangering your health, please be cautious about drinking!
4. Common Occasions:
4.1 In the Plains:
The blood oxygen of a normal person is above 94%, and below 94% is insufficient oxygen supply. Some scholars have set SpO2<90% as the standard for hypoxemia, so the lower SpO2 alarm limit of pulse oximeter is generally set at 90%.
Healthy adults have a pulse rate of 60~100 beats/min in a resting state. Pulse rate is affected by age and gender, ranging from 120 to 140 beats per minute for infants, 90 to 100 beats per minute for toddlers, 80-90 beats per minute for school-age children, and 70-80 beats per minute for adults.
4.2 In the highland area:
Long-term settlement on the plateau: For example, for more than 3 months, the blood oxygen of people of all ages who settle on the plateau above 2700 meters above sea level is mainly concentrated between 85% and 95% (the average is 90%), and the pulse rate is the same as that of normal people on the plain.
According to experience, at an altitude of 2700-4000 meters, most people's blood oxygen is mainly concentrated in 80%-90%. The pulse rate is 20%-50% higher than the normal value block on the plain.
At altitudes above 4,000 meters, most people's blood oxygen is concentrated between 65% and 85%, and the pulse rate is more than 50% faster than the normal value on the plains.
If the oxygen saturation is below 60% at an altitude of 2,700 meters, or even recorded as low as 45%, it is life-threatening and it is recommended to evacuate the plateau immediately and return to the plains (below 1,000 meters).
5. Factors Affecting the Monitoring Performance of Finger Pulse Oximeter:
1: Abnormal skin or color of fingertips: such as nail polish, smoking yellow, etc.
2: Body movement, finger shaking.
3: The position of the measuring finger is inaccurate.
4: Long-term measurement puts the measuring finger under compression.
5: Measure cold fingers.
6: Measure finger vasospasm.
7: There is dust and other foreign objects on the probe covering the light source or light sensor.
8: The outside (environmental) light is too strong.
6. Symptoms of hypoxia
Hypoxia in the human body is generally manifested as: dizziness, headache, tinnitus, dizziness, weakness of limbs, or nausea, vomiting, palpitation, shortness of breath, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat and weakness. With the aggravation of hypoxia, it is easy to become confused, the skin, lips, and nails of the whole body are bruised, the blood pressure drops, the pupils are dilated, and the coma is coma.
Normal people occasionally experience symptoms of hypoxia. Because the human body has a certain tolerance to short-term hypoxia, it is not terrible to occasionally have hypoxia symptoms, but it is necessary to be vigilant for the frequent occurrence of hypoxia symptoms, because oxygen is an indispensable element of our human life activities.....
7. Why is there a lack of oxygen
Normal oxygen metabolism begins with the exchange of the respiratory system. Disruption in any part of the breathing process can result in inadequate gas exchange. At this point, the body will first respond with a compensatory protective response. As a result of nerve reflexes or the direct action of blood gases, the depth of breathing can increase, and then the respiratory rate increases, and if the compensatory response does not meet the body's needs, hypoxia occurs.
Solution: Chest and abdominal breathing
Take 20 minutes of deep chest and abdominal breathing (also called frog breathing, open the chest chakra and abdomen as much as possible when inhaling, bring your shoulders back together, and exhale slowly and deeply) if the symptoms are relieved, indicating that the appearance of these symptoms is related to hypoxia.
8. How to tell if there is a lack of oxygen
The severity of the consequences of hypoxia has a lot to do with the duration of hypoxia, and timely correction of hypoxia can avoid or reduce the damage of tissues and organs, and quickly restore the metabolic function of the body.
Now Lepu provides a series of cost-effective pulse oximeter products, so that we can easily and quickly self-detect blood oxygen and pulse rate anytime and anywhere, especially suitable for high-intensity mental workers, white-collar workers who stay in air-conditioned rooms with less oxygen content for a long time, patients before and after surgery, tourists to plateaus and other places, insomniacs, the elderly and pregnant mothers-to-be........
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