Poisonous mushrooms, also known as poisonous mushrooms, there are more than 100 species of poisonous mushrooms, because the shape and appearance are similar to edible wild grass mushrooms, so they are often mistaken for edible wild grass mushrooms and cause poisoning.
The appearance of mushrooms is mostly brightly colored, but this is not entirely the case, and even experienced mountain people in Yunnan and other places will make mistakes in judgment, so those who have no experience in identifying mushrooms should not pick mushrooms in the wild to eat.
The toxins contained in mushrooms vary from species to species, and the toxicity and toxicological effects of each toxin vary. At present, the most toxic toxins mainly include Amanita peptide toxins (toxins, toxins), Amanita toxins, etc.
Poison
Classification of mushroom poisoning
After the toxin enters the bloodstream through the digestive tract, it will have a toxic effect on the corresponding organs, and it is often divided into the following six types.
Gastroenteritis is the most common type of poisoning, which occurs 10 minutes to 6 hours after ingestion, and the main manifestations are acute nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and watery diarrhea.
The incubation period of neuropsychiatric poisoning is short, usually 15 minutes to 2 hours after ingestion, and the main manifestations are excessive salivation, tearing, sweating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, confusion, dizziness, excitement, and often accompanied by slow heartbeat.
Hemolytic type The incubation period is 30 minutes to 3 hours, mainly manifested as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other gastrointestinal symptoms, some patients can have headache symptoms, 1~2 days later can appear acute anemia, hemoglobinuria, acute kidney damage, and finally death due to severe liver and kidney damage and heart failure.
Acute liver damage type incubation period of 6~12 hours, under normal circumstances, the symptoms progress relatively slowly, 6~12 hours before nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms, can also appear after 20 hours of poisoning symptoms; after the gastrointestinal period, the symptoms disappear, similar to recovery, 1~2 days without obvious symptoms, after which abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea and other symptoms can reappear, the condition deteriorates rapidly, toxins are absorbed into the liver through the digestive tract can cause abnormal liver function, jaundice, and finally lead to kidney, heart, lungs, Brain and other multiple organ failure, 5~8 days of death.
Acute renal failure type The incubation period is 8~12 hours, manifested as gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, oliguria or anuria, mild or moderate impairment of liver function, increased hepatic aminotransferase is about 15 times the upper limit of normal, severe renal damage, and biochemical indicators are increased blood creatinine and urea nitrogen.
Rhabdomyolysis has an incubation period of 10 minutes to 1 hour, initially presents with gastrointestinal symptoms and a feeling of fatigue, followed by significant malaise, muscle cramping pain or soreness, low back pain, chest tightness, palpitations, shortness of breath, oliguria or anuria, hematuria or myoglobinuria, soy sauce-colored urine, and biochemical markers such as a sharp increase in creatine kinase.
Emergency treatment for mushroom poisoning
After family members or people around them preliminarily judge that the poisoned person is poisoned by mushrooms, they should immediately call the 120 emergency number.
While waiting for first responders to arrive at the scene, rescuers should have the poisoned person drink plenty of water and induce vomiting to reduce the absorption of the toxin.
For poisoned people who have fallen unconscious, they should not be forcibly fed water or vomiting, but should pay attention to keeping them warm.
Content Sources:
People's Medical Publishing House published "Chinese Ambulance - Family First Aid Guide"
Organize the writing:
China Medical Rescue Association, People's Medical Publishing House
Editor-in-Chief of the book:
Li Zonghao, President of China Medical Rescue Association
Looking forward to seeing you
share
Looking