In our daily testing and consultation, many people are troubled by this problem, "stressed", and even have "AIDS phobia", in order to relieve everyone's concerns, the popularization of AIDS science is as follows:
1. Is HIV contagious?
A: You cannot transmit HIV through normal life contact, such as: shaking hands, hugging, eating together, working together, bedding, coughing, public baths, public baths, mosquito bites.
Therefore, if you take care of people living with HIV or AIDS normally, you will not be contagious.
2. What is the main route of transmission of HIV?
A: Sexual transmission (the greatest risk of anal sex), menstrual blood transmission (blood contamination, drug use, needle sharing, etc.), and mother-to-child transmission (mother-to-baby transmission).
Infected people have HIV in their body fluids, including blood, semen, breast milk, vaginal and cervical secretions.
Although HIV is present in tears and saliva, it is not contagious because of its low levels (no cases have been reported).
3. How contagious is it when you have sexual intercourse?
Answer: If it is unprotected sexual intercourse, the probability of male homosexual anal sex is 0.5%~3%. Heterosexual intercourse is about 0.1%~0.2% from male to female, and about 0.03~0.1% from female to male.
4. If I am pricked with a needle, can I be infected with HIV?
A: If the needle has indeed been used by a person with AIDS, the probability of infection is 0.3%. However, the probability of sharing needles for drug use was higher, at 0.67%.
5. What is the incubation period from infection to onset?
A: If there is no treatment, it is generally 1~10 years, and the average is 5~8 years.
6. If I am infected with HIV, will I have AIDS?
A: Early treatment after infection can significantly prolong the incubation period, and even prevent the development of overt AIDS.
7. What are the symptoms of HIV infection in the early stages?
A: 50%~70% of infected people have cold-like symptoms after 14 days, including fever, sore throat, headache, muscle and joint pain and malaise, there can be rashes, and often swollen lymph nodes all over the body.
These symptoms can subside in a few days, most within 1 month, and a few within 2~3 months.
8. How long does it take to have a blood test to confirm HIV infection?
A: The time from infection to a positive blood test is called the "window period".
Generally, it takes 4~6 weeks.
9. How can HIV infection be ruled out if high-risk sexual behaviour occurs?
A: The "window period" varies from person to person, if the test is negative in 4~6 weeks, it will be checked again after 3 months, and if it is still negative, infection can be ruled out. If high-risk behaviors are frequent, they can be retested every 3 months.
10. Can a woman have children if she is infected with HIV?
Answer: The mother-to-child infection rate is relatively high, reaching about 30%~50%, and the birth rate should be cautious; if the birth should be treated with mother-to-child blockade, the infection rate can be reduced to less than 5%.
11. How can HIV be prevented?
A: First of all, clean yourself, avoid high-risk sexual behaviors, use condoms, avoid sharing needles (drug use), and use less blood products.
Neither preventive nor therapeutic vaccines have yet to be developed.
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