With the advent of summer, many places on the mainland have entered the main flood season, and correspondingly, they will also usher in the frequent occurrence of geological disasters such as mountain floods and mudslides. So what are the characteristics and precursors of flash floods and mudslides, and how to avoid them? Let's find out.
Flash flood refers to the surge flood that occurs in the mountain stream and gully due to heavy rain, ice and snow melt or flood control facility burst, and the geological disasters caused by mountain floods, including debris flows, landslides, mountain collapses, etc., are called mountain flood geological disasters, which have the characteristics of rapid coming, strong destructiveness and serious harm.
Landslides are usually preceded by precursors
Landslide refers to the phenomenon that the material on the soil rock mass or slope slides along the sliding surface under the action of gravity, among which heavy rain and long-term continuous rainfall are the main natural causes of landslides. Before the occurrence of landslides, there are usually the following precursors: the soil at the front edge of the landslide will suddenly rise strongly, bulge and crack, or suddenly appear local collapse, or even regularly arranged cracks, and the groundwater will also produce abnormalities, such as groundwater overflowing along the extrusion cracks, forming wetlands, and spring water increasing dramatically. If you accidentally encounter a landslide, when you are on the landslide body and feel that the ground is changing, you should use the fastest speed to escape to the stable area on both sides of the hillside, and it is dangerous to run above or below the landslide body.
Earthquakes, heavy precipitation, rainwater soaking, etc., can cause collapses
Collapse is a geological phenomenon in which the rock and soil mass on a steep slope suddenly falls off the parent body, collapses and rolls under the action of gravity, and accumulates at the foot of the slope or in the valley. Natural factors that cause collapses include earthquakes, heavy precipitation, river erosion, and rainwater immersion. The collapse is usually preceded by the following precursors: rock debris and small collapses on steep mountains occur from time to time; New marks appeared at the base of the steep mountain, and the sound of tearing and rubbing was heard from time to time. If you accidentally encounter a collapse, you should quickly escape to both sides of the collapse when you are at the bottom of the collapse, and if you are at the top of the collapse body, you should quickly escape to the rear or both sides of the collapse body.
In case of mudslides, they should be quickly moved to safe heights
Debris flow is a special torrent with a large amount of sediment and rocks triggered by heavy rainfall, melting snow and ice in mountain valleys. Mudslides are usually preceded by the following precursors: continuous rainfall for a long time, flooding in the valley, sudden interruption of the river flow or sudden increase in the flood water, mixed with more firewood or trees on the shore, darkening in the depths of the valley, accompanied by a loud rumbling sound, or feeling a slight vibration on the surface, etc., the possibility of a mudslide disaster. If you encounter a mudslide, you should quickly move to a safe high ground, do not take shelter or stay under a low-lying valley or steep hillside, do not run upstream or downstream in the direction of the ditch, and climb on both sides of the slope perpendicular to the direction of the flash flood and debris flow.
Geological disasters caused by flash floods are terrible, but as long as we have the necessary knowledge of prevention, we can avoid them to a certain extent before or when they come. (CCTV News)