Yinyuan Zen Master and Dongdu Huangbai monk inkblot, most of them have the first seal of "Linji Zhengzong", but there are also Zen masters who use "Huang Bai Zhengzong" or "Huang Bai Zhengzong". For example, the ink of the Zen master who followed the Yinyuan Zen Master to cross the day is "Huang Bai Zhengzong". Participated in the initiation of the motion to invite the Zen master of Yinyuan to spend the day, and the ink seal "Huang Bai is upright". Huang Bai Zong, Huang Bai Zhengzong, Rinzai Zong, Linji Zhengzong, Huang Bai School, Huang Bai Zheng, Huang Bai Zheng, is not only one concept after another, but also in the process of promoting Huang Bai Zen and spreading Huang Bai culture, one node after another, and even has milestone significance.
Huang Bai Zong
According to the record of the "Yellow Barberry Affair Dictionary" written by Zhu Gugua, the Huang Bai Sect is a Zen sect founded by the Yin Yuan Zen Master and the Huang Bai Sangha who traveled east to Japan. The official use of the title "Huang Bai Zong" in Japan was on February 4, Meiji 9 (1876). On this day, the Meiji government officially recognized it as a Zen sect.
According to the introduction of the "Yellow Barberry Affair", after the Yinyuan Zen Master crossed over, he called himself "Linji Authentic Yellow Barberry School". However, in accordance with the new religious policy after the Meiji Restoration, in Meiji 7 (1874), the Ministry of Education forcibly ordered the incorporation of Huangbari Mountain into the Rinzai sect of Japan. However, with the efforts of the Zen masters at that time, two years later, Huang Bai Shan became independent from the Rinzai sect in Japan and became the "Huang Bai sect" of Zen Buddhism. As a result, the Japanese Zen world became the three major sects of Rinzai Buddhism, Soto Buddhism, and Huangbari Buddhism.
On February 26, 2024, we went to Eisheiji Temple in Yoshihara City, Shiga, to visit Elder Sumitani Guadai and exchange views on many of the entries in the Yellow Barberry Chronicle. Elder Sumitani said that the Huang Bai sect is generally considered to be an independent sect because of the different periods and sect styles. After Zen Master Yinyuan founded the Wanfu Temple of Huangbari Mountain, its style of sect was different from that of the Rinzai sect in Japan, which had always existed, and he began to use the name "Barberry Sect". In the Edo period, the title is often used in the quotations, longevity chapters, and lines of the Yellow Barberry Zen Master.
According to the research of Hirakubo Sho, a Japanese researcher of barberry studies, the name "barberry sect" has been used since around the Genroku period. In the 11th month of the 2nd year of Genbun (1737), 64 years after the death of Zen Master Yinyuan, this title was used in the "Koujogaku" (memorandum) handed over by Mt. Huangbari to the Kyoto Commissioner, which was the earliest occurrence of the title in official documents.
Elder Sugu Guading said that the use of the name of the sect "Huang Bai Zong" can be traced back to the fifth year of Bunka (1808), when Ueda Akinari published the book "Records of Courage and Caution", in which there is a sentence: There are many definitions of "heaven" in Confucianism, just as there are as many types of oil as the Huang Bai sect. Indeed, the people of Fuqing have a food practice, which is wrapped in flour and fried in oil, which is called fried Nianyan, also called "fried fried". This may be the source of Pucha cuisine – "stir-fried" is a homonym for "Pucha". It can be seen that before the Meiji Restoration, Ueda Akisei was already using the name "Huang Bai Zong". Even the "fried" food that the monk loves to eat is well known, which also shows that when Ueda Akinari was alive, this name was already widely known.
Barberry pie
Elder Guading introduced that Zen Master Yinyuan is a senior monk of the Rinzai sect in China, in the early days of the Huangbai Sangha to the east, until the beginning of the establishment of the Wanfukuji Temple in Uji, Kyoto, the Huangbari Sangha propagated the Dharma and communicated with the outside world, and the Huangbari monks called themselves "Rinzai Zhengzong". However, the style of the sect from the Zen master Yinyuan has the color of Zen purity and cultivation in the late Ming Dynasty, and the various schools of the Rinzai sect in Japan have gradually begun to have a view that this is not the Rinzai Zen style.
On the other hand, Mt. Huangbari is the Bodhi Temple of the Shogun's family, and was created as a temple standard of the same specifications as the Five Mountains of Kamakura and the Five Mountains of Kyoto, or higher. As a result, in the consciousness of some monks, Mt. Huang Bai is different from the Rinzai Zen in Japan, and monks who call themselves "Huang Bai School" have also begun to appear. In this way, the name "Rinzai sect of the Yellow Barberry School" was slowly fixed until the official establishment of the "Yellow Barberry School" in the 7th year of the Meiji era (1874).
Elder Sumiya said that it is not clear whether the term "Rinzai sect of the Yellow Barberry sect" was originally used by the Zen monk Huang Bai himself or by other Rinzai sects in Japan.
Rinzai authentic
Elder Sumiya said that in order to show the outside world that the Huang Bai sect is the main line of the Rinzai sect, that is, the sect that promotes the purpose of the Rinzai Yi Xuan Zen Master, the Yin Yuan Zen Master and the Huang Bai Zen monk used this title. Headed by the ancestors, the first seal of the ink of the Yellow Barberry monk basically uses the title of "Rinzai Authentic".
Zen Master Fei Yin Tongrong, the master of Yinyuan Zen Master, wrote "Five Lamps of Strict Unity", and the Huang Bai Sangha itself also printed the "Huang Bai Sect Records", all of which are based on "Linji Zhengzong" to clarify its origin and origin.
Master Dingming, the abbot of Wanfu Temple in Huangbari Mountain, Fujian, said that as early as the Song Dynasty, there was already a saying of "Linji Zhengzong", which was proposed by Yuanwu Keqin, a senior monk in the Song Dynasty and a descendant of the Yang Qi faction of the Linji Sect. Yuanwu Keqin once abboted a number of monasteries, successively by Song Huizong and Song Gaozong, Yuanwu Keqin has two big disciples - Dahui Zonggao and Huqiu Shaolong, Linji Sect is in Yuanwu Keqin and the efforts of the disciples began to have a new development.
In the Yuan Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu Fengxun wrote the "Linji Zhengchuan Tiger Hill Long Zen Master Tablet". Reading through the full text, it can be seen that this tablet is to commemorate the story of Zen Master Huqiu Long and his teacher Yuanwu Keqin in the Song Dynasty. The master and apprentice were in the Tiger Hill Yunyan Zen Temple, pushing the Rinzai sect to the extreme. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Rinzai sect became the most powerful sect of Han Buddhism, "from the way of the Rinzai to expand and expand". The "Rinzai Authenticity" proposed by Yuanwu Keqin has not only become a popular phrase in the sect, but also has been used by later generations as a synonym for "orthodoxy" and "authenticity", which has a great influence on later generations.
Yellow barberry authentic
In the eleventh year of Shunzhi (1654), at the invitation of the monks of Nagasaki, Japan, Zen Master Yinyuan led about 20 disciples to the east to preach the Dharma. Before crossing to the east, Yinyuan Zen Master had twice abboted Huang Bai for 14 years. After the eastward crossing, the Edo shogunate established a system for the abbot of Huang Bai to summon the heirs of the Zen master Yin Yuan in Fujian, which lasted for nearly 70 years, making the Huang Bai of Fujian famous in the southeast. The towering Huangbari Sangha has a continuous lineage, and the heirs of the Huangbari Dharma spread throughout Fujian and even Hunan, Hunan, Guangdong and Anhui.
Judging from the inscription of the tower inscription of the abbot of Huang Bai, the Fei Yin Tongrong Zen Master Pagoda erected in the 14th year of Chongzhen is inscribed with the title of "The 31st Fei Yin Rong Monk Shou Pagoda of Linji Zhengchuan". The 33rd and 42nd generations of abbots of the Qing Dynasty also used the "Rinzai Zhengchuan". The Yinyuan Zen Master Tooth Hair Pagoda in the "Yinyuan Memorial Hall" is inscribed with the inscription of "The 32nd Revival of Linji Zhengzong Huangbari Yinyuan Great Monk". After the Yinyuan Zen Master crossed to the east, he took over the abbot of Huang Bai Zen Master Huimen Rupei, the sixth generation abbot Xubai Yuan Zen Master, and the tower inscription is also "Linji Authentic". Moreover, whether it is left in the ancestral mountain or the ink of the Zen master Huang Bai who traveled to Fusang in the east, all of them are covered with oval or vertical square seals of "Rinzai Zhengzong" in the upper right corner of the work, which has become an important element on the ink treasure.
In the 31st and 40th generations of Huangbari Mountain in the Qing Dynasty, the inscription of the tomb tower became "Transmission of Linji Authenticity". The eighteenth generation of the Shisheng Junwei monk who erected the monument in the ninth year of Qianlong only signed "Huang Bai Dangshan", and the thirty-ninth Chengyin monk who erected the monument in the twelfth year of Jiaqing was inscribed as "Ji Xi Barberry Mountain", and there was no "Linji Zhengchuan" or "Linji Zhengzong".
There is a Xingxiang Temple in Luoyuan County, Fuzhou, which was built in the second year of Tang Dashun (891), and has a history of 1131 years, founded by the Zen monk Zhitao. There is a patriarch tower of 52 years of Qianlong in the mountain behind Xingxiang Temple, and the tower inscription is directly inscribed as "Huang Bai Zhengzong".
What is the reason that the abbots of Dangshan in Huang Bai no longer use "Linji Zhengchuan" or "Linji Zhengzong"? I think this is not only a change in the "saying", but more importantly, since the 11th year of Shunzhi, the 70-year-long "Tang monk summons" system has been searching for the heirs of the Fujian Dharma of the Yinyuan Zen Master again and again, looking for those high monks who can pass the day to spread the Dharma, so that the name of "Huang Bai" resounded throughout Fujian, even in the southeast region, it also has a certain popularity. In this case, the Zen masters of the Barberry who walked out of the Barberry Dojo are all proud of the "authenticity of the Barberry". Perhaps because of this, there has been a change from "Rinzai authentic" to "Huangbari authentic".
Huang Bai is decent
Zen master Yunqian Jiewan (1610-1673), a native of Quanzhou who came to Nagasaki in 1649, five years earlier than Yinyuan Zen Master, was the same door as Quanzhou Kaiyuan Zen Master, and was the founder of Fuji Temple of Nagasaki's "Tang Temple". "Mu'an Zen Master Guanglu" contains a poem "Yi Weiqiu, went to Nagasaki Province to visit the monk of Huang Bai, and visited Yunqian Zen brother, there is a citation". Mu'an Zen Master said: "Yu and Brother Qian are clothed in the Kaiyuan Temple of Wenling in the Ming Dynasty. After the national change, the unexpectedly humble brother should invite Nagasaki and Yu to go to Barberry Mountain to share the seven ceremonies, and between the sleeps, they did not remember each other. This autumn has to be visited by sail, and the cover is strange for a while, so this chapter is described as Zhiyun'er".
In the fourth year of Kuanwen (1664), on the 55th birthday of Zen Master Yunqian Jiewan, Zen Master Wuxin Xingjue wrote a congratulatory poem, leading to the seal of "Huang Bai Righteousness". On the 60th birthday of Zen Master Yun Qian Jiewan, Zen Master Da Mei wrote a congratulatory note and introduced the first seal "Huang Bai Zhengzong".
After the passing away of Zen Master Yun Qian, the Zen Master with big eyebrows wrote verses to save Yun Qian and Zen Master: "The two countries have rejuvenated the two dojos, and their life's achievements have been fully demonstrated. The sage of Xijing came to congratulate, and the more fragrant he sat on the mulberry lotus. The first seal of the ink is also "Huang Bai authentic". (White Crash Rain)