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Preface
From the original educator to the revolutionary female warrior, Kim Weiying not only participated in the historical feat of the Long March, but also gave birth to a son on the way, bringing hope to the Red Army. However, her life ended up in the Soviet Union due to the war. What kind of woman was Jin Weiying? How did she persist in completing the Long March? What did she experience in the last years of the Soviet Union?
In 1904, Jin Weiying was born in an ordinary family in Zhoushan, Zhejiang. Although there was a prejudice against sons over daughters in society at that time, regarding women as a financial burden on the family, and even some families gave up raising their daughters because of this, Kim Weiying's childhood was not affected by this. Her father was an educator who received a modern education and had an open-minded attitude towards the education of his children, especially the education of Jin Weiying.
Although Jin Weiying's family is not wealthy, it can meet the basic needs of life. Although Jin's father's stable income is not much, it is enough to maintain the family's basic living expenses, which provides Jin Weiying with a relatively comfortable growth environment. When Kim expressed her desire to get an education, her father not only gave her full support, but also sold all the furniture in the house to ensure that she could attend school.
This emphasis on education has deeply influenced Kim Weiying, who understands the importance of knowledge and its power to change her destiny. As a result, she put a lot of enthusiasm into her studies, not only excelling in her studies, but also helping the family with housework after school to reduce the burden on her parents. Her hard work and dedication eventually won the appreciation of the principal, who not only guided her academically, but also sponsored her to complete her primary education.
After graduating from high school, Jin Weiying successfully entered a women's normal school. Here, her original intention was to become a teacher, hoping to improve the family's economic situation through education in the future, and inspire more women to change their own destiny through education. However, with the turmoil of the domestic situation, Jin Weiying's life trajectory and ideological concepts began to change.
In 1919, Jin Weiying ushered in a personal political awakening in the midst of great changes in Chinese society. The failure of the Paris Peace Treaty triggered the nationwide May Fourth Movement, in which Kim was actively involved, and with her distinct intelligibility and leadership, she quickly rose to prominence among the student community and was elected president of the student movement.
In these activities, she vigorously promoted Marxist theory and worked to awaken the political consciousness of more students. She changed her name from "Aiqing" to "Zhicheng" to show her firm commitment to the revolutionary cause. Not content to become an ordinary teacher, Kim chose to stay in school, turning her passion for communism into a driving force for education, teaching progressive ideas to the younger generation. In 1925, under the further intensification of the situation at home and abroad, Jin Weiying's revolutionary activities became more frequent.
She actively participated in and led the county-level student union jointly organized by local girls' schools and many colleges and universities, uniting the education sector with the working class and citizens to respond to the May Day Movement in Shanghai, jointly carrying out class strikes, strikes and market strikes, demonstrating a wide range of social influence.
Jin Weiying's revolutionary actions and progressive ideas were recognized, and in 1926, she was officially absorbed into the Chinese Communist Party. After joining the party organization, she changed her name to "Weiying" again, symbolizing the assumption of a new life and new responsibilities. Her leadership skills were further developed, and Kim not only organized and managed night schools and trade unions, but also led workers on strike to improve workers' working conditions and pay packages.
Her influence extended to the salt workers, successfully initiated and led the salt workers' movement, founded the salt people's association, and organized tens of thousands of salt workers to carry out large-scale demonstrations to fight for more justice for them, making Kim a recognized staunch defender of labor rights in the region.
In 1927, when the political situation in China was extremely turbulent, Jin Weiying avoided a catastrophe in that year. With Chiang Kai-shek's "April 12 counter-revolutionary" coup, the Communists became the target of the nation's hunt. Fortunately, Jin Weiying left Dinghai ahead of schedule and thus escaped. Unfortunately, her father and other loved ones were arrested in this political storm and went through an extremely difficult time. Although they were eventually released, the entire incident had a profound impact on the family.
In fact, Jin Weiying's situation in Ningbo is not safe. She fell into the hands of the Kuomintang along with more than 300 other Communists. They were imprisoned at the Ningbo Defense Command, where they were severely tortured and interrogated. Despite the enemy's attempts to learn more from her, Kim remained calm, insisting that she was only visiting her relatives and felt extremely wronged by her arrest.
When Kim Weiying is on the brink of life, her family runs around looking for a way to help save her. In the end, they did not hesitate to spend a lot of money to make a golden Buddha as a gift, in exchange for Jin Weiying's freedom. After being released, the family hurried back to their hometown in Zhenjiang and fled the dangerous place.
Although this experience frightened Jin Weiying's relatives, her own revolutionary determination was even stronger. Despite losing contact with the party organization, she was confident that she could find them again. After recovering from her injuries, she said goodbye to her father and decided to go to Shanghai to continue her revolutionary activities. Although she is known as a tutor, her father, Kim Young-gye, knows the determination in his daughter's heart.
At the time of parting, Jin Ronggui took a deep breath of cigarette and exhaled it for a long time, experiencing a complex emotional struggle in his heart. He understands the danger his daughter is about to face, but he also recognizes that this society desperately needs revolutionaries like her daughter. Eventually, he lets her follow her beliefs.
In a heavy rain, Jin Weiying set out on the road to Shanghai alone, and although her father advised her to leave again, she insisted on leaving immediately. After arriving in Shanghai, Jin Weiying quickly found the party organization and began to pay attention to the plight of local textile workers. She became a teacher at a night school, where she not only taught knowledge, but also inspired women workers to think about changing their own destiny.
Through Kim's efforts, the women workers eventually banded together to launch a massive strike that succeeded in improving working conditions. Jin Weiying's education and leadership have attracted many outstanding new members to the party organization. However, the road to revolution was full of twists and turns.
The defection of Gu Shunzhang in 1934 brought an unprecedented crisis to the party, forcing Jin Weiying and other party members to quickly relocate to Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, where she not only continued to fight on the front lines, but also developed a deep emotional bond with Deng Xiaoping to work together for the revolutionary goal.
On the long and difficult road of the Long March, Jin Weiying, as one of the 30 female Red Army, faced great challenges. Since she was a child, she was bound by feudal customs, and she felt pain every step she took. Despite this, Jin Weiying never bowed her head to the difficult environment, she firmly followed the ranks of the Red Army, climbed over snow-capped mountains, trekked through meadows, no matter how difficult it was, she never complained.
Her strength is not only reflected in her personal physical suffering, but also in her contribution to the team. Jin Weiying did not ask for extra care because of her gender and physical condition, but always stepped forward in difficult moments, took the initiative to take on heavy responsibilities, successfully completed a number of key tasks, and demonstrated extraordinary courage and ability.
During the Long March, Jin Weiying's life ushered in an unexpected change, and she became pregnant. This news not only brought hope to her personally, but also greatly boosted the morale of the entire ranks of the Red Army. In that extremely difficult environment, the birth of new life symbolizes the future and hope, and becomes a ray of light in the battle.
Although pregnancy brought Jin Weiying immense joy, the harsh environment of the Long March brought great tests to her body. In the absence of basic medical conditions and food supplies, Kim experienced great difficulties. In the cold and wet September of 1936, Jin Weiying experienced a difficult delivery.
At that time, her constitution was already weak, and coupled with the severe pain of childbirth, she almost exhausted all her physical strength. At that time, because of the remoteness of the area where she lived, the roads became muddy during the rainy season, and basic medical facilities such as maternity hospitals and midwives could not be reached in time. Thanks to the help and protection of many comrades-in-arms, she was able to give birth to her son, Xiao Jin, in a humble shelter.
Soon after Xiao Jin was born, Jin Weiying and her husband Li Weihan had to go to Yan'an to work due to the transfer of their superiors. Despite the difficult living conditions, the life of the family of three in the cave is full of love and hope, simple and happy. Although Jin Weiying is busy day and night, it is a great comfort for her to be able to reunite with her family every day.
Jin Weiying has always been a woman with strong ideals and a sense of responsibility. For the sake of her son's future, considering the adverse effects of frequent job transfers on her child's growth, she made a difficult decision to entrust Xiaojin to the care of relatives far away from home, while she devoted herself to the revolutionary cause. In Yan'an, she not only participated in the fighting, but was also responsible for educating and raising the political consciousness of the women around her.
In 1939, Kim Weiying suddenly collapsed, and the limits of his body were pushed to the brink of collapse by long-term fatigue and the tribulations of the battlefield. Her health problems, which had accumulated during the Long March and pregnancy, broke out. Faced with this state of affairs, the party organization decided to send her and other frail fighters to the USSR for better treatment.
Kim Weiying's one-year recuperation in the Soviet Union significantly improved her physical condition, and an unexpected event profoundly affected her mental health. In a dispute with the senior head nurse of the hospital, Jin Weiying suffered a great psychological blow, causing her to lose control of her emotions and be unable to take care of herself. Faced with such an emergency, the party organization decided to transfer her to a specialized psychiatric hospital in Moscow for treatment.
After several months of professional treatment, Jin Weiying's mental state gradually stabilized, and her condition improved significantly. In order to allow her to recover in a more comfortable environment, the organization transferred her to a fully equipped nursing home. The treatment and care here provided good support for her recovery, and her daily life gradually returned to normal.
During his time in the USSR, Kim did not abandon his concern for the domestic situation. She used her illness to enroll in a philosophy major, hoping to improve her mind and body and contribute more to the revolutionary cause after returning to China. However, the cruelty of fate once again tested Kim Weiying. On the eve of her planned return, Germany, in violation of the non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union, launched a surprise air attack on the Soviet Union.
The hospital where Kim was located was not spared, and was razed to the ground by heavy German bombardment. This sudden attack not only claimed the lives of countless innocent people, but also put an end to Kim Weiying's life. As a revolutionary, she fought to the last moment of her life at the age of 37. Her sacrifice left an immortal mark in the history of the revolution and became a hero admired by future generations.
Decades later, in November 1994, after a long period of research and evaluation, the Party Central Committee officially recognized Jin Weiying as a revolutionary martyr and affirmed her contributions and sacrifices to the revolutionary cause. This recognition is not only an affirmation of her personal heroic struggle, but also a kind of compensation for what she has suffered.
At the end of October 2004, in order to commemorate the hero's sacrifice and dedication, the local government of Daishan, Zhejiang Province, held an unveiling ceremony for the bronze statue of Jin Weiying in her hometown. The erection of this bronze statue is not only a personal memorial to her, but also a collective tribute to all the heroes who died in the revolution. At the moment when the bronze statue was unveiled, Jin Weiying's heroic soul finally returned to her beloved homeland after a long period of displacement.