Hu Shih, who is well known in China, is indeed talented, especially in the literary revolution that advocated vernacular and opposed classical Chinese, and made significant contributions.
However, due to Hu Shi's innate personality weakness and subconscious pursuit of power and money, his choice in the face of right and wrong was quite controversial, which also made Hu Shi make a lot of "enemies" in that era when his ideas burst out.
What kind of man is he in the eyes of these "enemies"?
01: Huang Kan: Hu Shi "Eunuch"
Huang Kan, a famous painter and linguist during the Republic of China, Mr. Huang Lao strongly advocated traditional classical Chinese, which is bound to be the same as Hu Shishi, who advocated vernacular Chinese.
Huang Kan
Huang Kan was the most famous "troll" at that time, and was known as the yellow madman. He scolded Hu Shi a lot of jokes, and it was also extremely funny. Almost to the point that whatever Hu Shi said, he had to scold a few words.
Once Hu Shi commented that the quintessential Peking Opera has fallen behind, taking a whip is riding a horse, and throwing two flags is considered a car, and it should be a real car and a real horse. Huang Kan immediately choked up: "According to what you say, what should I do with "Wu Song Fights the Tiger"?"
Young Hu Shi
In 1918, Hu Shi's book "Outline of the History of Chinese Philosophy" was published, and the book was originally planned to have two parts, but due to various reasons, the second half was stranded. He replied, "Eunuch, eunuch, there is no more of the lower part!"
02：鲁迅：胡适是日军军师
Lu Xun
Before 1922, Lu Xun and Hu Shi, two comrades-in-arms of the New Culture Movement, had a very close relationship, often organized dinners, exchanged books, and wrote articles in various publications.
But the cracks in the relationship between the two began to appear because of a phone call from Pu Yi to Hu Shi.
On May 17, 1922, although he had abdicated, Pu Yi, who still enjoyed the "Imperial Preferential Treatment Regulations", had just set up a telephone in the palace, and Tu Xian called Hu Shi according to the number in the number book.
Pu Yi recalled the scene of their phone call in "The First Half of My Life":
Pu Yi: "You're Dr. Hu, great, guess who I am?"
Hu Shi: "Who are you? Why can't I hear it?......
Pu Yi: "Haha, guess, let me say, I'm Xuantong!"
Hu Shi (shocked and excited): "Xuantong?...... Is it the emperor?"
An anti-feudal fighter, excitedly called Emperor Puyi......
Hu Shih and Chiang Kai-shek
Then, at the invitation of Pu Yi, Hu Shicheng entered the palace in fear and had a meal with Pu Yi. After the meal, he wrote the following poem and published it publicly:
"Feeling"
I can't bite it, I can't break it,
can't shut down a little business in the nucleus;
A hundred-foot palace wall, a thousand years of rituals,
Can't lock a teenager's heart!
The key to this poem is also a "Versailles" style painting snake added a note: "This is a small poem I wrote after I entered the palace to see Puyi deposed the emperor, and the reader must not understand who I am referring to." ”
This incident greatly affected the cognitive judgment of Hu Shi at that time and in later generations.
After this incident, Lu Xun began to gradually alienate Hu Shi. Later, Hu Shi's "appeasement" on the issue of resistance against Japan made Lu Xun completely break with him.
Before and in the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Hu Shih was one of the representatives of the "peace-seeking" faction, and even proposed that the Chinese side recognize "Manchukuo" while the Japanese side return Rehe, etc., which Hu Shi regarded as a "concession with a price." Angered many Chinese people.
After the Lugou Bridge Incident, Hu Shi was active and advocated "peace talks" with Japan. He proposed that the people in the three eastern provinces should freely choose their nationality and that in the future they could "return to the rule of the Republic of China" by means of a "general vote," so as to "fundamentally adjust Sino-Japanese relations and eliminate the hostility and hatred between the two nationalities." This opinion even Chiang Kai-shek, who "must first secure the interior", felt that it was "too much"!
Lu Xun, who was furious, immediately wrote the famous "Theory of Surprise of Friendly Nations" to refute this view, and thus scolded Hu Shiwei: "Dr. Hu Shih is worthy of being the military advisor of Japanese imperialism. ”
02 "יהוה"
Chiang Kai-shek once scolded Hu Shi in his diary: "He wants both officials and money, and he pretends to be high, and flaunts his honest and unscrupulous attitude as an 'independent scholar'." ”
Hu Shi has always prided himself on being clear, but his desire is not small at all.
Hu Shi is the highest-paid person in the Republic of China, with 2,400 yuan per month. At that time, Lu Xun was 350 oceans.
Hu Shi advocated a new life of monogamy, but he himself had many lovers.
Hu Shi and his lover Wei Liansi
In 1948, the president of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek originally wanted to persuade Hu Shi to take office, but Hu Shi immediately happily agreed without persuasion.
The four years from 1938 to 1942 were the most arduous four years of the Anti-Japanese War, and Hu Shih served as ambassador to the United States, hoping to use his prestige and ability to win more support from the United States for China's resistance against Japan. Almost everyone has a very low opinion of this, because Hu Shih pursues the principle of "waiting for change", similar to Taoist inaction.
Hu Shih in the United States
Even Geng Yunzhi, president of the Hu Shi Research Association and a well-known scholar, said: Hu Shi "served as an envoy for four years, and although he was busy, from a purely diplomatic point of view, his achievements were too ordinary." ”
In this regard, Chiang Kai-shek directly scolded: He has been in the United States for four years, and in addition to obtaining more than 10 honorary doctorates for himself, he has made no contribution to the country and the war, and even refuses to speak, for fear that he will be blamed by the United States......
03: Chen Duxiu: Swaying from side to side
Chen Duxiu
Chen Duxiu once said: Hu Shi is really unpredictable, and when he talks about Marxism with him, sometimes he gets excited, and he also says that Marx is a great thinker and has unique views. But after thinking about it for a long time, he retreated to Dewey.
Looking at Hu Shi's life, it seems that he is swaying from side to side, he advocates the New Culture Movement, and tries his best to sweep away the feudal legacy, but he is proud of the summons of the abolished emperor Puyi, and he shines everywhere.
He appealed and tried his best to sue for peace with Japan, but when the form of the War of Resistance against Japan gradually improved, he began to firmly resist Japan.
He always said that his "roots are in Peking University", but on the eve of liberation, he hurriedly left a sentence of "never forget Peking University" and fled to Nanjing.
Hu Shi is at Peking University, and the first from the right is his other lover Cao Chengying
This swing from side to side is more like a kind of egoism with a delicate package.
It is no wonder that Mr. Jin Yuelin would say that Hu Shih was "an American businessman who studied Chinese thought"
Let's list some of the "famous sayings" of celebrities scolding Hu Shi
Zhang Taiyan: Philosophy, is Hu Shizhi also worthy of talking? Kang and Liang have some "roots". Hu Shizhi, he doesn't even have "roots".
Qian Mu: Hu Shi is a celebrity-like figure, not a scholar at heart, at least not a pure reader.
Tang Degang: Hu Shizhi's broken books are really not worth a few pennies.
Xu Fuguan: Hu Shi is self-contained in academic thought, does not understand Western thought, but likes to advocate indiscriminately, and loves to talk about façade kung fu
Hu Shi in his later years
Liang Shuming: The new life and new ideas that are the soul of the New Culture Movement are not complete in him.
Personally, I like Huang Kewu's evaluation the most: Hu Shi is a compromise liberal, not working against power and the government.
Hu Shi's funeral
Of course, Hu Shi, a controversial figure, has many pioneering feats and merits, which are not within the scope of this article.