Village Line
【Song】Wang Yuyan
The horse wears the mountain trail chrysanthemum and the early yellow, and the letter horse grows in the wild.
Ten thousand gullies have a sound with evening sounds, and the peaks are speechless and the sun is slanting.
The leaves of the begonia pear are carmine-colored, and the buckwheat flowers are white and snowy.
What is the matter with melancholy? The original tree of the village bridge is like my hometown.
The beginning is leisurely and pleasant, believing in the reins, and the poet has no obstacles in his heart, listening to the thousands of sounds of vitality in the mountains. Insects chirp and birds cry, flowers fall and grass grows. The mountains play a harmonious symphony, which is naturally lively and full of vitality. And the mountain peaks at sunset have a solemn beauty. Light and shadow cut the lines, and the mountain peaks are as silent as sculptures, like heaven and earth observing the joy and ebband and flow of life in the mountains, and embracing all sounds with silence. "Ten thousand ravines have a sound with the evening sound, and the peaks are speechless and stand in the sun", which integrates the poet's understanding of the world, and the silence contains vitality, and the real vitality is quiet, everything is noisy, and the sky is not what to say. Comprehending this, the poet can feel the great beauty of heaven and earth even more with the gorgeous colors, fruits, and flowers in the mountains.
However, the bright joy will always be touched at the heartstrings, like the glorious twilight of the western sky. Maybe it's the original trees in the mountain village that cause nostalgia, or maybe there's something else. But whatever the reason, the moment when people's emotions fell was inadvertently captured by the poet. The word "suddenly" truly expresses the turbulence of people's emotions in daily life, for no reason, just suddenly. When the poet's "wild rejoicing" fades, the background of sadness naturally rises. Maybe that's life. Isn't the real day just hovering between "wild growth" and "sudden melancholy", one thing and the other?
symbolism
【Song】Yan Shu
The oil wall incense car is no longer met, and the gorge clouds are left without a trace.
The pear blossom courtyard dissolves the moon, and the catkins pond has a faint breeze.
After a few days of loneliness and drinking, I was in a state of silence and non-smoking.
If you want to send the fish book, the water is far away and the mountains are the same everywhere.
The whole poem writes about the distant sadness after the breakup, and the feeling of wanting to write a letter to express his gratitude but lack of motivation. However, the writing is subtle and elegant, and the lead is gone.
The first couplet of the poem borrowed the Yuefu poem "The concubine rides the oil wall car, and the lang rides the green horse" ("Qiantang Su Xiaoge") to express that he broke up with his lover and did not meet again. "Xiayun" is in Song Yu's "Gao Tang Fu", and the goddess of Wushan Ziyun "Dan is the morning cloud, and the twilight is the rain". "There is no trace of the clouds" means that the lovers are separated, and the old love is difficult to continue. What is interesting is the poet's attitude, "Ren Xidong", where she goes. The chic and non-persistent character of the word "Ren" has laid the tone of the whole poem, and together with the "light", "dissolving", "a few days" and "a ban" in the later text, they constitute the light and delicate tone of the poem.
"The pear blossom courtyard dissolves the moon, and the catkins pond is faintly breezy", which not only writes the evening breeze of the flower moon in front of you, but also the scenery when you meet your lover in your memory. The nostalgia of the past and the sentimentality of the present trigger each other and blend together. How can we get rid of this untraceable and ubiquitous sentimentality? But after a few days, the alcohol hurt people, and I felt more and more lonely. Looking up, the Cold Food Festival has lost its former liveliness because of the ban on smoking, and it is only a bleak scene. I want to tell people about this feeling, but I don't know where to send it, the water is far away and the mountains are long, and it is the same everywhere. The tail couplet can be used by Yan Shu's own words and sentences to make a note: "If you want to send color notes and rulers, you will know where the mountains and rivers are."
Huai Zhong and late poke calf heads
【Song】Su Shunqin
The weeds are green in the spring, and there are bright flowers and trees from time to time.
Under the ancient shrine of the lonely boat at night, the wind and rain in the river are full of wind and rain to see the tide.
When modern people think about the journey of the ancients, it must be very boring. Whether you take a car or a boat, you can't travel dozens of miles a day, there are no digital products to relieve boredom, and the scenery along the way will not change much throughout the day. If it catches up with the rainy day, the mood will be even more depressed.
But Su Shunqin showed us the joy of the ancients' travels. He was attacked by political opponents, stripped of his official position, left the capital, and sailed south along the canal. On the Huanghuai Great Plains, you can see far away in the wild, and you can see the horizon in the extreme distance. It was spring, but instead of sunny weather, it was cloudy and covered the wilderness. The grass along the river is full of grass, and after watching it for a long time, I am afraid that it will make people sleepy, so I would rather hide in the cabin and sleep. But the poet did not find it monotonous, and as the boat went, he looked with interest at the banks of the river, and sometimes saw one or two trees full of flowers, under the gloomy sky, which made his eyes shine.
The boat arrives at the head of the calf, moored at night and night, the ancient shrine of the lonely boat, and the wind and rain are heavy. The poet is not sad because of the desolation and loneliness, but looks at the rising tide in the river, and is so leisurely that he seems to have forgotten the political trap he has just encountered.
On the contrary, we modern people, because of the more convenient means of transportation, help us to travel faster, but also let us ignore the scenery in the journey.
Kasuga Isei
[Song] Cheng Hao
The clouds are light and the wind is light near noon, and the flowers follow the willows over the front river.
When people don't know how to be happy, they will be called idle teenagers.
The day is approaching, the clouds are light and the wind is light. Light and light are the weather, but also the state of mind. The poet walked through the flowers and plants, wiped the wicker, and trekked to the front of the river, which touched the eyes and was full of the joy of spring. This happiness seems to originate from the spring scenery, but in fact, from the inside out, from the "heart" of a philosopher, so the poet said that "people do not know the rest of the heart". Cheng Hao thinks that the benevolent person takes heaven and earth and all things as one, and it is not himself. Wind and clouds, flowers and trees, is the benevolence of heaven and earth. If we can transcend the distinction of all things, we will be able to feel that there is benevolence and beauty everywhere in life. The philosophical thinking will eventually return to life, return to the basics, and be outgoing as a group of juvenile happiness.
This is similar to Zeng Dian, Confucius asked the students about their aspirations, and he liked Zeng Dian's answer the most: "Mo (twilight) spring, spring clothes are completed, five or six champions, six or seven children, bathing in Yi, the wind is dancing, and singing and returning." Cheng Hao praised Zeng and said: "His chest is leisurely, and he flows up and down with all things in heaven and earth, each has its own wonder, and it is hidden from words." He believes that the "music" that Zeng ordered comes from the full inner and the comprehension of the circulation of the avenue, "the chest is leisurely", "the heavenly principle is popular, full everywhere, and there is no lack of it." Therefore, when it is moving, it is so calmly". Cheng Hao's happy state of mind is similar, "outline but the duke, things come and adapt", "happy to use every day". Mr. Mingdao uses poetry to express happiness, why don't mortals like you and me practice it with life?
Akihi Isei
[Song] Cheng Hao
Nothing to do is calm, and the east window of sleep is already red.
All things are self-satisfied, and the four seasons are the same as others.
The road leads to the world and the outside of the form, thinking into the metamorphosis of the wind and clouds.
The rich are not lewd and the poor are happy, and the man is a hero.
When I woke up, the sky was already bright, listening to the birds and insects, and watching the clouds roll up. At this moment, there is no preconception, no prejudice, no selfishness in my heart, and everything is one with me. As a result, "all things are self-satisfied, and the four seasons are happy with others". The surging water, the birth and death of flowers and leaves, the flow of the four seasons, the prosperity and decline of nature are like the face of heaven, showing the sorrow and rise and fall similar to man. Therefore, Cheng Hao does not remove the grass in front of the window, he wants to stay and observe the creation business, and use a small pot to raise a few fish, always looking at it, and watching everything is proud.
Man and all things are under the same sky, and nature follows the same law, one flower is one world, one leaf is one Bodhi. Let go of "selfishness" and "wisdom", and contemplate all things, you can feel that things and self are psychic, and heaven and man are one. Zhuang Sheng's dream butterfly, Zi Fei fish, and the sound of heaven are beyond the distinction of all things, and comprehend the wonderful mechanism of the world's operation in the changes of wind and clouds, light and shadow, and sound beyond the tangible.
Therefore, he understands that "the husband of heaven and earth is constant, with his heart pervades all things without heart, and the saint is constant, with his affection for all things and is ruthless." The learning of a gentleman is a great duke, and things come and go." The people of the "Grand Duke" are "suitable" and selfless, with an appreciative vision and an indifferent state of mind, they will not be swayed by the wealth and triviality of the material world, but have a calm determination and self-confidence. But isn't it just a man who is "a hero here"?
Linping Road
【Song】Dao Qian
The wind cattails hunt gently, and the dragonflies are not free.
In May, Linping Mountain is down the road, and there are countless lotus flowers in Mantingzhou.
"Ginseng Xiaozi tastes poems and clouds in Linping Road, and the east slope is carved into stones at first sight. "Mrs. Cao, the wife of the sect, is good at Danqing, and she wrote "Linping Lotus Flower Picture", which was written by people. It can be seen that people loved and admired this little poem at that time.
The fifth month of the lunar calendar is the most comfortable time of summer. The breeze is soft and warm, caressing everything in the mountains, and the pliable cattails sway in the wind, and the hunting is faintly sounded. The little dragonfly that had just fledged was tired of flying in the wind and wanted to stop on the cattail grass to rest for a while. However, the gentle wind seemed to be playing a fun game with it, fiddling with the grass, and never letting it stop steadily. Seeing its clumsy and somewhat anxious appearance, Samyuko felt the vivid interest of nature like a child. In this way, he walked happily on the mountain trail, playing with flowers, plants, trees and insects along the way, and was free. The peaks turned around and walked to the bottom of the mountain, and suddenly a piece of water suddenly opened, boundless lotus flowers bloomed all over the water, sweet colors, the fragrance of the lotus wind, and such a grand and tranquil beauty, so that the poet was extremely surprised, admired and intoxicated!
The poet captures the unique beauty of Jiangnan in May with keen details, with delicate objects moving and soft, and the vista wide and sweet. The poet is still on the way, and the unexpected surprise that he suddenly sees when he turns the way out of the stream, and the change of rhythm constitutes the drama of the poem. If it weren't for a pure heart that transcended the mundane, how could he write the lively and flowing life so naturally? I wonder if the cultivation of Buddhism to cling to selflessness will help poets observe this interesting world without prejudice, at least another poet monk in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhi Nan, also has such exquisite poems: "The ancient wood is tied with a short canopy in the shade, and the cane helps me cross the east of the bridge." The clothes want to wet the apricot blossom rain, and the wind blows the willow wind. ”
Xiangyi Road
【Song】Chen and Yi
The flying flowers on both sides of the river shine on the red of the boat, and the half-day wind of the hundred miles of elm embankment.
Lying down and looking at the sky full of clouds not moving, I don't know that the clouds are east with me.
The 27-year-old poet sailed on Xiangyi Road, brisk and leisurely. This brisk can be seen from the rich colors, the red of the flying flowers, the green of the elm trees, the white clouds in the sky and the blue of the sky, which can really be described as "bright and beautiful", full of childlike fun.
The flying flowers on both sides of the strait are a little hazy because of the speed of the boat, and the speed of the color block shows the brightness and density of the flowers, and the red light shines on the boat. The poet lies comfortably on the boat, and when he raises his eyes, he feels bright and flying.
The green elm embankment is a hundred miles long, and the boat gallops past in only half a day, which can't help but remind people of Li Bai's sentence "A thousand miles of Jiangling will be returned in one day". Like "Half-day wind on the Baili Yudi", both sentences use distance and time comparison to express the light boat flying. And the point of this poem is the word "wind", which is more of a tactile imagination. The wind blows all over the sleeves and the skin feels refreshed. The water is murmuring, the wind is on the water, and when you close your eyes, you can feel the light dancing and flying.
So the poet's childlike heart suddenly rose, and the white clouds in the sky seemed to move, but it didn't seem to move. The poet rubbed his eyes, and in a trance the clouds seemed to stop. The word "I don't know" is full of ignorant fun, and if it is replaced with "original", it becomes a sudden awakening. The word "I don't know" makes the reader understand the truth, and the poet is still intoxicated by the childlike wonder of the white clouds in the sky!
Huai Tian Jing Zhi Lao visited him
【Song】Chen and Yi
In February this year, the frost began to thaw, and the green Tiaoxi went east.
In the poetry volume of the guest time, the apricot blossom news is in the rain.
Xi'an Chanbo is still sick, and Beizha Confucianism is only poor.
Suddenly, I remembered that the light boat was looking for the second son, and the scarf crane tried the spring breeze.
Miss your friends and take a trip that you can just go. "Suddenly, I remembered that the light boat was looking for the second son, and the scarf crane tried the spring breeze. The frank and willful chic in the poem can't help but remind people of the prince in "The World Speaks New Words": "The prince lives in the mountains, the night is snowy, and he sleeps ...... Looking around...... Suddenly, Diane said...... Even if it's a small boat ride at night. ”
The poet probably also longed for the casual and free and easy literati of the Six Dynasties, so he imagined himself wearing the "scarf and crane" loved by the famous men of the Six Dynasties standing in the bow of the ship. "Scarf crane" does not really refer to it, but to express the inner noble personality with elegant attire. The poet admired the calm and peaceful monks and the Confucian scholars who were "gentlemen and poor people". "The gentleman is poor, and the villain is poor. "It is the respectable character of a poet that a gentleman can still stick to it in the face of unruly circumstances, maintain his integrity, and not do everything like a villain.
In the season of freezing and thawing in February, the poet woke up and suddenly felt that the spring water was full of streams, flowing eastward, and the continuous verdant greenery was refreshing. Although the poet lives in a foreign land, he is accompanied by poetry and books, and he is not lonely. On a day when the apricot blossoms are falling and the spring rain is shining, receiving a message from a friend adds to the joy of a heart-to-heart connection. These two noble friends, indifferent to fame and fortune, think about it, or set off to visit them, just across the river. High interest, tranquil poetry, I want to come to the conversation of the three gentlemen must be elegant and pleasant, "sit deeper and be silent, and countless snowflakes fall on the skylight".
三衢道中
[Song] Zeng Ji
When the plum is yellow, the day is clear, and the stream is overflowing but the mountains are traveling.
The green shade does not decrease when it comes, and it adds four or five yellow orioles.
The rainy days in Jiangnan are tiresome, and it rains endlessly. This year, when the plums are yellow, it is really rare to see it sunny every day. So the poet was full of interest and went to Sanqu Mountain to play. First take a boat up a small stream, until the stream is shallow, and the boat can no longer go forward, so the boat goes ashore and continues along the mountain road to the deeper and higher parts of the mountain.
The vegetation in the mountains is lush and the trees are verdant, although it is a hot summer day, there is shade from the trees, and it must be cool to walk on the mountain road. The poet did not say anything about the scenery and mood of the journey, but focused on the journey on the return, the same green trees as when he came, and what was more interesting than when he came, from time to time there were a few crisp and pleasant chirping of orioles in the shade of the green trees.
When people remember their travels, they usually focus on the scenery on the way to go, and rarely spend time on the return trip, because at this time the tour is exhausted and the body and mind are exhausted. And Zeng Ji is still in a happy mood, and the pleasure of traveling is unabated, and the scenery in Sanqu Mountain can be seen, which is really beautiful and pleasant.
Overnight at the Manna Monastery
[Song] Zeng Gongliang
The clouds in the pillow are near, and the bottom of the bed is lamenting.
To see the silver mountain shoot the waves, open the window and put it into the river.
Ganlu Temple is located in Zhenjiang Beigu Mountain, Beigu Mountain has only three peaks, how can there be "a thousand peaks" and "ten thousand ravines"? I think the poet felt the clouds and mist that swirled around the thousand peaks on the wet pillow. The wind blows the pine, and what the poet hears is the momentum of the ten thousand ravines singing in unison. Although this is not the actual scene and sound, it is not the real experience of the poet's heart. "The flying stream goes straight down to 3,000 feet, and it is suspected that the Milky Way falls for nine days" is not true, but it is indeed the meteorological pattern in Li Bai's heart. Poets who combine the spiritual landscape with the reality often produce a much more majestic poetic conception than the actual scene. At this time, the reader sees not only the objective world, but also the spiritual landscape through the eyes of the poet.
Zeng Gongliang was a veteran of the three dynasties during the Song Renzong, Yingzong, and Shenzong periods, and served as the prime minister, presided over the government, and recommended Wang Anshi to Shenzong. Those who are in charge of a great country have their own chests of the heavens and seas, thousands of rocks, and thousands of rocks, and they are by no means limited to the eyes and ears of the eyes. It's just that in the first two lines of the poem, the poet is still a little depressed, and the word "mourning" reveals the poet's passive, even somewhat frightened mood. But great people will not be resigned to a passive situation, they will turn passive into active, and meet greater storms with a dominant attitude. Therefore, the poet said, "You have to see the silver mountain shoot the waves of the sky, open the window and put it into the river." The waves of heaven did not come in, but I put them in. Among them, the main dynamics of "to see", "open" and "open" all show the poet's heroic and heroic spirit in the face of fear and difficulties, which is high-spirited and exciting.